rgb24转yuv420p

int rgb24_to_yuv() {

	FILE* fp = fopen("d:/raw/test_360x640_rgb24.rgb", "rb");
	FILE* fpyuv = fopen("out_360x640_yuv420p.yuv", "wb");

	int w = 360, h = 640;
	unsigned char b, g, r;
	unsigned char* ybuf = new unsigned char[w * h];
	unsigned char* ubuf = new unsigned char[w * h / 4];
	unsigned char* vbuf = new unsigned char[w * h / 4];


	unsigned char* y = ybuf;
	unsigned char* u = ubuf;
	unsigned char* v = vbuf;
	// //图像是以RGB排序的,图像数据是左上角为图像第一个像素，从左往右，从上往下排列的 
	for (int i = 0; i < h; i++) {

		for (int j = 0; j < w; j++) {

			fread(&r, 1, 1, fp);
			fread(&g, 1, 1, fp);
			fread(&b, 1, 1, fp);

			unsigned char Y = (unsigned char)((66 * r + 129 * g + 25 * b + 128) >> 8) + 16;

			*y = Y;
			y++;

			/*
			yuv420的uv采样规则：
		    一行一行的扫描采样，每一行都会采集U或V
			在偶数行的偶数列位置采集U，奇数行的奇数列位置采集V
			整体采样比例y:u:v=4：1：1
			YUV 4:2:0 并不是说不采样V分量，这个0是因为每次都是隔行采集U和V，
			如果第一行是 4:2:0，下一行就是 4:0:2，再下一行又是 4:2:0，以此类推
			如图：每一个2x2的子块中，左上角采集u，右小角采集v
			*/

			if (i % 2 == 0&& j % 2 == 0) {
				unsigned char  U = (unsigned char)((-38 * r - 74 * g + 112 * b + 128) >> 8) + 128;

				*(u++) = U;
			}
			else if (i % 2 != 0 && j % 2 != 0) {
				unsigned char V = (unsigned char)((112 * r - 94 * g - 18 * b + 128) >> 8) + 128;

				*(v++) = V;
			}
			 
		}
	}
	//yuv420p,先写y,再写u，在写v
	fwrite(ybuf, 1, w * h, fpyuv);
	fwrite(ubuf, 1, w * h / 4, fpyuv);
	fwrite(vbuf, 1, w * h / 4, fpyuv);
	fclose(fp);
	fclose(fpyuv);

	return 0;
}

转出的yuv图片效果（测试图片的宽高自行修改）：