通过移位求绝对值或者加符号位

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-13 21:46:15 发布

cabbage2008

最新推荐文章于 2022-02-13 21:46:15 发布

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分类专栏： C/C++

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/cabbage2008/article/details/50535717

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#include "stdio.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
typedef short int16_t;
int main()
{
    FILE *fp = fopen("a.txt","w+");

    for(int16_t d = -10; d<=10; d++)
    {
        int level = d;//注意：选择更高位宽保存 
        int sign = level>>31;//获取符号位(值为-1或0)
        int x = (level + sign) ^ sign;//获取绝对值 
        int y = (x ^ sign) - sign;//补回符号位
        fprintf(fp,"d = %8d level = %8d sign = %3d x = %8d  y = %8d\n",d,level,sign,x,y);
    }
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}

结果：

d =      -10 level =      -10 sign =  -1 x =       10  y =      -10
d =       -9 level =       -9 sign =  -1 x =        9  y =       -9
d =       -8 level =       -8 sign =  -1 x =        8  y =       -8
d =       -7 level =       -7 sign =  -1 x =        7  y =       -7
d =       -6 level =       -6 sign =  -1 x =        6  y =       -6
d =       -5 level =       -5 sign =  -1 x =        5  y =       -5
d =       -4 level =       -4 sign =  -1 x =        4  y =       -4
d =       -3 level =       -3 sign =  -1 x =        3  y =       -3
d =       -2 level =       -2 sign =  -1 x =        2  y =       -2
d =       -1 level =       -1 sign =  -1 x =        1  y =       -1
d =        0 level =        0 sign =   0 x =        0  y =        0
d =        1 level =        1 sign =   0 x =        1  y =        1
d =        2 level =        2 sign =   0 x =        2  y =        2
d =        3 level =        3 sign =   0 x =        3  y =        3
d =        4 level =        4 sign =   0 x =        4  y =        4
d =        5 level =        5 sign =   0 x =        5  y =        5
d =        6 level =        6 sign =   0 x =        6  y =        6
d =        7 level =        7 sign =   0 x =        7  y =        7
d =        8 level =        8 sign =   0 x =        8  y =        8
d =        9 level =        9 sign =   0 x =        9  y =        9
d =       10 level =       10 sign =   0 x =       10  y =       10

绝对值举例：
5：原码：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
5：反码：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
5：补码：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101

符号位 sign = 0
(5+0)^0 = 5
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000
-------------------------------------
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101

-5：原码：10000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
-5：反码：11111111 11111111 11111111 11111010
-5：补码：11111111 11111111 11111111 11111011

-6：原码：10000000 00000000 00000000 00000110
-6：反码：11111111 11111111 11111111 11111001
-6：补码：11111111 11111111 11111111 11111010
符号位 sign = 0
(-5+ （-1))^（-1) = 5
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111010 (-6)
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111
-------------------------------------
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101

加符号位举例：

5：原码：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
5：反码：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
5：补码：00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101

1. 符号位 sign = 0
(5^0) - 0 = 5
2. 符号位 sign = -1
(5^-1) - (-1) = -5
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111
-------------------------------------
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111010 (相当于取反操作)

11111111 11111111 11111111 11111010 + 1
=11111111 11111111 11111111 11111011 （补码-5）
11111111 11111111 11111111 11111010 （反码-5）
00000000 00000000 00000000 00000101 （原码-5）