if __name__ == "__main__":# do sth.
This tells Python that you only what to run the following code if this program is executed as a standalone file. We can use it to test our code.
When you do import a module, it will NOT run the code that is under the conditional because __name__
will no longer equal "__main__"
.
dict.keys()
In Python 2.x, the keys()
method returns a list. In Python 3.x, it returns a view object.
"name" in my_dict # this is good
"name" in my_dict.keys() # this works too, but is slower
String Formatting
'''
old ways
'''
"I like %s" % "python"
"I like %s and %s" % ("python", "c++")
'''
Templates and the New String Formatting Methodlogy
'''
"%(lang)s is fun!" % {lang : "Python", key : value, ...}
"Python is as simple as {0} and {1}".format( "MATLAB", "R" )
xy = { "x" : 0, "y" : 1 }
"Graph a ponit at where x={x} and y={y}".format(**xy)