关于构造函数和析构函数的调用顺序

/********* test1.cpp **********/

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class base1/*********************/
{
protected:
	char c;
public:
	base1(char ch);
	~base1();
};

base1::base1(char ch)
{
	c = ch;
	cout<<"c ="<<c<<endl;
	cout<<"base1构造函数被调用！"<<endl;
}

base1::~base1()
{
	cout<<"base1析构函数被调用！"<<endl;
}

class base2/*********************/
{
protected:
	int i;
public:
	base2(int j);
	~base2();
};

base2::base2(int j)
{
	i=j;
	cout<<"i ="<<i<<endl;
	cout<<"base2构造函数被调用！"<<endl;
}

base2::~base2()
{
	cout<<"base2析构函数被调用！"<<endl;
}

/*继承顺序影响构造、析构函数的调用顺序*/
class derive:public base1,public base2
//class derive:public base2,public base1
{
	int k;
public:
	derive(char ch,int i,int kk);
	~derive();
};

derive::derive(char ch,int ii,int kk):base1(ch),base2(ii),k(kk)
{
	cout<<"k="<<k<<endl;
	cout<<"derive构造函数被调用！"<<endl;
}

derive::~derive()
{
	cout<<"derive析构函数被调用！"<<endl<<endl;
}

int main()
{
	derive A('B',10,15);
	
	return 0;
}

 

/***********************************************************************/

 

/********* test2.cpp **********/

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class base1/*********************/
{
public:
	base1();
	~base1();
};

base1::base1()
{
	cout<<"base1()"<<endl;
}

base1::~base1()
{
	cout<<"~base1()"<<endl;
}

class base2/*********************/
{
public:
	base2();
	~base2();
};

base2::base2()
{
	cout<<"base2()"<<endl;
}

base2::~base2()
{
	cout<<"~base2()"<<endl;
}

class derive
{
private:
	base1 a;
	base2 b;
/********************
	base2 a;
	base1 b;
********************/
public:
	derive();
	~derive();
};

derive::derive()
{
	cout<<"derive()"<<endl;
}

derive::~derive()
{
	cout<<"~derive()"<<endl<<endl;
}

int main()
{
	derive *p = new derive;
	delete p;

	return 0;
}

 

 

构造函数：

派生类先调用基类的构造函数（继承顺序：从左往右，数据成员定义顺序：从上往下），再调用派生类自己的构造函数。

 

析构函数：

派生类先调用派生类自己的析构函数，再调用基类的析构函数（继承顺序： 从右往左，数据成员定义顺序： 从下往上）。

 

 

总之，（创建类对象时-调用构造函数的顺序 和 释放该对象时-调用析构函数的顺序）相反。