基于标准库的OLED使用
一、SPI介绍
SPI（Serial Peripheral interface）是串行外围设备接口，SPI 接口主要应用在 EEPROM，FLASH，实时时钟，AD 转换器，还有数字信号处理器和数字信号解码器之间。
SPI是一种高速的，全双工，同步的通信总线，并且在芯片的管脚上只占用四根线，节约了芯片的管脚，同时为 PCB 的布局上节省空间，提供方便，正是出于这种简单易用的特性，现在越来越多的芯片集成了这种通信协议，STM32 也有 SPI 接口。
SPI 接口一般使用 4 条线通信：
MISO 主设备数据输入，从设备数据输出。
MOSI 主设备数据输出，从设备数据输入。
SCLK 时钟信号，由主设备产生。
CS 从设备片选信号，由主设备控制。
SPI 主要特点有：可以同时发出和接收串行数据；可以当作主机或从机工作；提供频率可编程时钟；发送结束中断标志；写冲突保护；总线竞争保护等。
SPI 总线四种工作方式 SPI 模块为了和外设进行数据交换，根据外设工作要求，其输出串行同步时钟极性和相位可以进行配置，时钟极性（CPOL）对传输协议没有重大的影响。
如果 CPOL=0，串行同步时钟的空闲状态为低电平；如果 CPOL=1，串行同步时钟的空闲状态为高电平。
时钟相位（CPHA）能够配置用于选择两种不同的传输协议之一进行数据传输。如果 CPHA=0，在串行同步时钟的第一个跳变沿（上升或下降）数据被采样；如果 CPHA=1，在串行同步时钟的第二个跳变沿（上升或下降）数据被采样。
SPI 主模块和与之通信的外设备时钟相位和极性应该一致。
二、OLED介绍
OLED即有机发光二极管（Organic Light-Emitting Diode），又称为有机电激光显示（Organic Electroluminesence Display， OELD）。OLED 由于同时具备自发光，不需背光源、对比度高、厚度薄、视角广、反应速度快、可用于挠曲性面板、使用温度范围广、构造及制程较简单等优异之特性，被认为是下一代的平面显示器新兴应用技术。
LCD 都需要背光，而 OLED 不需要，因为它是自发光的。这样同样的显示，OLED 效果要来得好一些。以目前的技术，OLED 的尺寸还难以大型化，但是分辨率确可以做到很高。
我们使用的是 ALINETEK 的 OLED 显示模块，该模块有以下特点：
1）模块有单色和双色两种可选，单色为纯蓝色，而双色则为黄蓝双色。
2）尺寸小，显示尺寸为 0.96 寸，而模块的尺寸仅为 27mmx26mm 大小。
3）高分辨率，该模块的分辨率为128x64。
4）多种接口方式，该模块提供了总共 5 种接口包括：6800、8080 两种并行接口方式、3线或 4 线的穿行 SPI 接口方式、IIC 接口方式（只需要 2 根线就可以控制 OLED 了）。
5）不需要高压，直接接 3.3V 就可以工作了。
注意该模块不和 5.0V 接口兼容，所以在使用的时候一定要小心，勿直接接到 5V 的系统上去，否则可能烧坏模块。
三、显示姓名学号
1、汉字取模
下载取模软件，输入汉字，选择c51格式输出（基本所有的取模软件操作都是这样）
2、代码创建：参考厂家给出的Demo程序：0.96寸SPI_OLED模块配套资料包
对其进行修改：
文字储存：打开oledfont.h文件，将任意cfont结构体进行修改（鉴于显示屏大小，选择cfont16）
const typFNT_GB16 cfont16[] =
{
"桦",0x10,0x90,0x10,0x94,0x11,0x14,0x11,0x18,0xFB,0x10,0x15,0x32,0x31,0x52,0x39,0x0E,
0x55,0x20,0x50,0x20,0x93,0xFE,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,
"温",0x00,0x00,0x23,0xF8,0x12,0x08,0x12,0x08,0x83,0xF8,0x42,0x08,0x42,0x08,0x13,0xF8,
0x10,0x00,0x27,0xFC,0xE4,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x24,0xA4,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,
"湿",0x00,0x00,0x27,0xF8,0x14,0x08,0x14,0x08,0x87,0xF8,0x44,0x08,0x44,0x08,0x17,0xF8,
0x11,0x20,0x21,0x20,0xE9,0x24,0x25,0x28,0x23,0x30,0x21,0x20,0x2F,0xFE,0x00,0x00,
"度",0x01,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x3F,0xFE,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,0x3F,0xFC,0x22,0x20,0x22,0x20,
0x23,0xE0,0x20,0x00,0x2F,0xF0,0x24,0x10,0x42,0x20,0x41,0xC0,0x86,0x30,0x38,0x0E,
"显",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
0x04,0x40,0x44,0x44,0x24,0x44,0x14,0x48,0x14,0x50,0x04,0x40,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,
"示",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x08,0x21,0x04,0x41,0x02,0x81,0x02,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,
"某",0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x0F,0xE0,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,
0x0F,0xE0,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x05,0x40,0x09,0x20,0x31,0x18,0xC1,0x06,0x01,0x00,
"一",0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
"日",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,
0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,
"祂",0x20,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0xF9,0x20,0x09,0x2C,0x11,0x34,0x11,0x64,0x3B,0xA4,
0x55,0x24,0x95,0x34,0x11,0x28,0x11,0x22,0x11,0x22,0x11,0x02,0x10,0xFE,0x10,0x00,
"从",0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,
0x08,0x50,0x14,0x50,0x12,0x50,0x12,0x88,0x20,0x88,0x21,0x04,0x42,0x04,0x84,0x02,
"天",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
0x02,0x80,0x02,0x80,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x08,0xC0,0x06,
"坠",0x00,0x40,0x7C,0x40,0x44,0x40,0x48,0x40,0x44,0xA0,0x44,0xA0,0x55,0x10,0x49,0x08,
0x42,0x04,0x45,0x02,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x00,0x00,
"落",0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0xFF,0xFE,0x08,0x20,0x20,0x80,0x10,0xF8,0x11,0x08,0x82,0x90,
0x48,0x60,0x49,0x98,0x16,0x06,0xE1,0xF8,0x21,0x08,0x21,0x08,0x21,0xF8,0x21,0x08,
"人",0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x02,0x80,0x02,0x80,
0x04,0x40,0x04,0x40,0x08,0x20,0x08,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x08,0x40,0x04,0x80,0x02,
"们",0x09,0x00,0x08,0x80,0x08,0xBC,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x32,0x04,0x32,0x04,0x52,0x04,
0x92,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x04,0x12,0x14,0x12,0x08,
"抬",0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x40,0x10,0x88,0xFD,0x04,0x13,0xFE,0x10,0x02,0x14,0x00,
0x19,0xFC,0x31,0x04,0xD1,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x11,0x04,0x51,0xFC,0x21,0x04,
"头",0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x08,0x80,0x04,0x80,0x24,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x10,0x80,0x00,0x80,
0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x40,0x02,0x20,0x04,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x30,0x04,0xC0,0x04,
"仰",0x08,0x00,0x08,0x80,0x0B,0x3C,0x12,0x24,0x12,0x24,0x32,0x24,0x32,0x24,0x52,0x24,
0x92,0x24,0x12,0x24,0x12,0xB4,0x13,0x28,0x12,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,0x10,0x20,
"望",0x10,0x00,0x08,0x7C,0xFF,0x44,0x20,0x7C,0x20,0x44,0x26,0x7C,0x38,0x44,0x20,0x94,
0x01,0x08,0x7F,0xFC,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,
"于",0x00,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,
"是",0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x00,0x00,
0xFF,0xFE,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x11,0xF8,0x11,0x00,0x29,0x00,0x45,0x00,0x83,0xFE,
"看",0x00,0xF8,0x7F,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x3F,0xF8,0x02,0x00,0xFF,0xFE,0x04,0x00,0x08,0x00,
0x1F,0xF0,0x28,0x10,0x4F,0xF0,0x88,0x10,0x0F,0xF0,0x08,0x10,0x0F,0xF0,0x08,0x10,
"见",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,
0x11,0x10,0x12,0x90,0x12,0x90,0x04,0x80,0x04,0x80,0x08,0x82,0x30,0x82,0xC0,0x7E,
"了",0x00,0x00,0x7F,0xF8,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x40,0x01,0x80,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,
0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x02,0x00,
"星",0x00,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x10,0x10,0x1F,0xF0,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x00,
0x1F,0xF8,0x21,0x00,0x41,0x00,0x1F,0xF0,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,
"空",0x02,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFE,0x40,0x02,0x88,0x24,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x08,0x00,0x00,
0x1F,0xF0,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x7F,0xFC,0x00,0x00,
};
内容显示：打开test.c文件，找到TEST_MainPage函数
void TEST_MainPage(void)
{
GUI_ShowCHinese(28,20,16,"桦",1);
GUI_ShowString(45,0,"632107030223",8,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
主函数部分：
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0); //清屏（全黑）
while(1)
{
TEST_MainPage(); //界面显示
}
}
结果显示：
四、温湿度显示
1、代码部分：由于此前温湿度显示用的HAL库，此时需下载bsp_i2c.c、bsp_i2c.h、usart.h、usart.c等文件。
打开bsp_i2c.c文件，添加gui.h头文件。找到read_AHT20函数进行如下修改
void read_AHT20(void)
{
uint8_t i;
uint32_t t;
uint32_t t1;
uint32_t h;
uint32_t h1;
float a,b;
char *strHumi;
char *strTemp;
for(i=0; i<6; i++)
{
readByte[i]=0;
}
//-------------
I2C_Start();
I2C_WriteByte(0x71);
ack_status = Receive_ACK();
readByte[0]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[1]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[2]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[3]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[4]= I2C_ReadByte();
Send_ACK();
readByte[5]= I2C_ReadByte();
SendNot_Ack();
//Send_ACK();
I2C_Stop();
//--------------
if( (readByte[0] & 0x68) == 0x08 )
{
H1 = readByte[1];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[2];
H1 = (H1<<8) | readByte[3];
H1 = H1>>4;
H1 = (H1*1000)/1024/1024;
T1 = readByte[3];
T1 = T1 & 0x0000000F;
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[4];
T1 = (T1<<8) | readByte[5];
T1 = (T1*2000)/1024/1024 - 500;
AHT20_OutData[0] = (H1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = H1 & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = (T1>>8) & 0x000000FF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = T1 & 0x000000FF;
}
else
{
AHT20_OutData[0] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[1] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[2] = 0xFF;
AHT20_OutData[3] = 0xFF;
printf("lyy");
}
printf("\r\n");
printf("温度:%d%d.%d",T1/100,(T1/10)%10,T1%10);
printf("湿度:%d%d.%d",H1/100,(H1/10)%10,H1%10);
printf("\r\n");
t=T1/10;
t1=T1%10;
a=(float)(t+t1*0.1);
h=H1/10;
h1=H1%10;
b=(float)(h+h1*0.1);
sprintf(strTemp,"%.1f",a); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的温度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strTemp中
sprintf(strHumi,"%.1f",b); //调用Sprintf函数把DHT11的湿度数据格式化到字符串数组变量strHumi中
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,00,16,"温湿度显示",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,20,16,"温度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,20,strTemp,16,1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(16,38,16,"湿度",1);
GUI_ShowString(53,38,strHumi,16,1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
主函数：
#include "delay.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "bsp_i2c.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
uart_init(115200);
IIC_Init();
NVIC_Configuration(); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0);
while(1)
{
//printf("温度湿度显示");
read_AHT20_once();
OLED_Clear(0);
delay_ms(1500);
}
}
五、OLED滚动
由于OLED本身存在滚动函数，故实际上只需对点阵库（这部分放在上方oledfont文件里），test文件进行修改
void TEST_MainPage(void)
{
GUI_ShowCHinese(0,0,16,"某一日祂从天坠落",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(0,20,16,"人们抬头仰望",1);
GUI_ShowCHinese(0,40,16,"于是看见了星空",1);
delay_ms(1500);
delay_ms(1500);
}
主函数
#include "delay.h"
#include "sys.h"
#include "oled.h"
#include "gui.h"
#include "test.h"
int main(void)
{
delay_init(); //延时函数初始化
NVIC_Configuration(); //设置NVIC中断分组2:2位抢占优先级，2位响应优先级
OLED_Init(); //初始化OLED
OLED_Clear(0); //清屏（全黑）
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2E,OLED_CMD); //关闭滚动
OLED_WR_Byte(0x27,OLED_CMD); //水平向左或者右滚动 26/27
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //起始页 0
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //滚动时间间隔
OLED_WR_Byte(0x07,OLED_CMD); //终止页 7
OLED_WR_Byte(0x00,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
OLED_WR_Byte(0xFF,OLED_CMD); //虚拟字节
TEST_MainPage();
OLED_WR_Byte(0x2F,OLED_CMD); //开启滚动
}
运行结果：
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