六级翻译笔记(含真题)

真题

2023年6月

第 1 套:贴春联

        贴春联(Spring Festival couplets)是中国人欢度春节的一个重要习俗。春联由一对诗句和四字横批(horizontal scroll)组成,诗句和横批用金色或黑色写在红纸上,红色代表幸运,金色代表财富。春联贴在大门左右两侧和门框上方。春联的诗句体现中国传统诗词的特点,两句诗的字数相同、内容相关。横批凸显春联的主题,更是锦上添花。春联以简洁的文字描绘生动的形象,抒发美好的愿望。当家家户户贴春联时,人们就会意识到春节已经正式拉开序幕。

        Spring Festival couplets are an important tradition for celebrating the Chinese New Year. The couplets consist of a pair of verses and a four-character horizontal scroll, written in gold or black on red paper, with red symbolizing luck and gold symbolizing wealth. The couplets are posted on both sides of the front door and above the door frame. The verses of the couplets reflect the characteristics of traditional Chinese poetry, with two lines of equal length and related content. The horizontal scroll highlights the theme of the couplets and adds to its beauty. The couplets use concise words to depict vivid images and express good wishes. When families post Spring Festival couplets, people will realize that the Chinese New Year has officially begun.

诗句	verse
在门框上方	above the door frame
诗词	poetry
凸显	highlight
锦上添花	add to its beauty
简洁的	concise
描绘	depict

第 2 套:印章

        自古以来,印章在中国就是身份的凭证和权力的象征。印章不仅具有实用性,而且也是一种艺术形式,是一门集书法与雕刻于一体的古老艺术,经常被看作与书画并列的独立艺术品。印章从材料的选择、制作的工艺到字体的设计,都具有极其丰富的美学表现。其他国家的艺术家通常在其绘画作品上签名,而中国艺术家则往往在其书画作品上盖上印章代替签名。这样,印章也就成为作品的组成部分,是体现作品独特性的一种方式。

        Since ancient times, the seal has been a certificate of identity and a symbol of power in China. Seal is not only practical, but also an art form. It is an ancient art integrating calligraphy and carving, and is often regarded as an independent art alongside calligraphy and painting. From the selection of materials, the craft of making to the design of fonts, the seal has extremely rich aesthetic expression. Artists from other countries usually sign their paintings, while Chinese artists often affix their seals instead of signatures on their paintings and calligraphy. In this way, the seal becomes an integral part of the work and is a way to reflect the uniqueness of the work.

自古以来	since ancient times
印章	seal
凭证	certificate
集...于一体的	integrating
书法	calligraphy
雕刻	carve
被看作...	be regarded as
美学表现	aesthetic expression
盖上印章	affix the seal

第 3 套:中央电视台总部大楼

        中央电视台总部大楼位于北京市朝阳区,总建筑面积约55万平方米。主楼由两座塔楼组成,因其独特的造型,成为这座城市的一个热门景点,每天都吸引众多游客前来参观。大楼的创新结构是中外建筑师·长期合作的成果，不仅体现了环保意识，而且大大节约了建筑材料。中央电视台总部设有一条穿过大楼的专用通道,向公众展示各个工作室以及中央电视台的历史。在那里,参观者还可以看到故宫和北京其他地方的壮观景色。

        The CCTV headquarters building is located in Chaoyang District, Beijing, with a total construction area of about 550,000 square meters. The main building consists of two towers, and because of its unique shape, it has become a popular attraction in the city and attracts many tourists every day. The innovative structure of the building is the result of long-term cooperation between Chinese and foreign architects, which not only reflects the awareness of environmental protection, but also greatly saves building materials. The CCTV headquarters has a dedicated passage through the building, showing the history of various studios and CCTV to the public. There, visitors can also see spectacular views of the Forbidden City and other places in Beijing.

总部大楼	headquarter building
区	district
平方米	square meter
景点	attraction
创新的	innovative
长期的	long-term
建筑师	architect
专用通道	dedicated passage
故宫	the Forbidden City

2022年12月

第 1 套:青藏高原

        青藏高原(the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau)位于中国西南部,面积约230万平方公里,平均海拔4 000米以上,被称为“世界屋脊”。青藏高原自然资源丰富,风景秀丽,拥有多种珍稀野生动物。青藏高原气温很低,形成了大面积高山冰川。这里是亚洲许多著名河流的源头,是中国和东南亚的主要淡水供应源。青藏高原对全球生态系统至关重要。由于气候变化的影响,青藏高原的冰川正在加速融化。中国一直在努力保护青藏高原的生态系统,草地覆盖率不断增加，许多濒危物种得到更为有效的保护。

        The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is located in the southwest of China, with an area of about 2.3 million square kilometers and an average altitude of over 4,000 meters, known as the "roof of the world". The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is rich in natural resources, beautiful scenery, and a variety of rare wild animals. The temperature on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is very low, forming a large area of alpine glaciers. It is the source of many famous rivers in Asia and is the main source of fresh water supply for China and Southeast Asia. The Tibetan Plateau is vital to the global ecosystem. Glaciers on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are melting at an accelerated rate due to climate change. China has been working hard to protect the ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, with increasing grassland coverage and more effective protection of many endangered species.

屋脊	roof
风景	scenery
高山冰川	alpine glacier
至关重要的	vital
草地	grassland
濒危物种	endangered specie

第 2 套:黄土高原

        黄土高原(the Loess Plateau)是中国第三大高原，面积约 60 万平方公里，平均海拔1 000-2 000米，绝大部分覆盖着50-80米厚的黄土,是世界上黄土分布最集中、覆盖厚度最大的区域。这是大自然创造的一个奇迹，在世界上也是绝无仅有的。黄土高原是中华民族的发祥地之一。早在5500年前，人们就已经在黄土高原上开始农耕。随着农耕业的持续发展,黄土高原人口不断增加,在秦汉时期就成为中国的政治和经济中心。如今,随着西部大开发战略的实施，黄土高原地区的经济得到了迅速发展。

        The Loess Plateau is the third largest plateau in China, with an area of about 600,000 square kilometers and an average altitude of 1,000-2,000 meters. Most of the loess is covered with 50-80 meters thick loess. It is the most concentrated distribution of loess in the world. , covering the area of greatest thickness. This is a miracle created by nature, and it is unique in the world. The Loess Plateau is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese nation. As early as 5,500 years ago, people had already started farming on the Loess Plateau. With the continuous development of farming, the population of the Loess Plateau continued to increase, and it became the political and economic center of China during the Qin and Han Dynasties. Today, with the implementation of the western development strategy, the economy of the Loess Plateau has developed rapidly.

集中的	concentrated
分布	distribution
奇迹	miracle
中华民族	the Chinese nation
持续发展	the continous development
不断增加	continue to increase
政治的	political
经济的	economic
朝代	dynasty
随着...的实施	with the implementation of ...

第 3 套:云贵高原

        云贵高原(the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau)大部分位于云南、贵州省境内,总面积约50万平方公里，平均海拔 2000-4 000米，是中国第四大高原。云贵高原西高东低，河流众多，形成了许多又深又陡的峡谷(canyon)。峡谷中许多地方土壤肥沃,非常有利于多种农作物生长。云贵高原独特的自然环境造就了生物和文化的多样性。它是中国森林和矿产资源类型十分丰富的地区,也是古人类起源的重要地区。云贵高原是中国少数民族数量最多的地区,各民族都保留了自已丰富多彩的文化传统。

        Most of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is located in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, with a total area of about 500,000 square kilometers and an average altitude of 2,000-4,000 meters. It is the fourth largest plateau in China. The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is high in the west and low in the east, with numerous rivers forming many deep and steep canyons. The soil in many places in the canyon is fertile, which is very conducive to the growth of various crops. The unique natural environment of the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau has created biological and cultural diversity. It is an area rich in forest and mineral resources in China, and it is also an important area where ancient humans originated. The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau is the area with the largest number of ethnic minorities in China, and all ethnic groups have retained their rich and colorful cultural traditions.

陡峭的	steep
峡谷	canyon
肥沃的	fertile
有利于	be conducive to
农作物	crop
矿产资源	mineral resource
少数民族	ethnic minority
保留	retain

2022年6月

第 1 套:卢沟桥

        卢沟桥位于天安门广场西南15公里处，横跨永定河，是北京现存最古老的多拱石桥。卢沟桥最初建成于1192年，1698年重建，由281根柱子支撑。每根柱子上都有一头石狮。这些石狮的头、背、腹部或爪子上都藏有着更多的狮子。这些石狮生动逼真、千姿百态，是卢沟桥石刻艺术的精品。桥上的石狮不计其数，因而北京地区流传着“卢沟桥上的狮子--数不清”的说法。卢沟桥不仅以其美学特征闻名于世，还被公认为石桥建筑史上的一座丰碑。

        The Lugou Bridge is located 15 kilometers southwest of Tian 'anmen Square and spans the Yongding River. It is the oldest existing multi-arch stone bridge in Beijing. Originally completed in 1192 and rebuilt in 1698, the Lugou Bridge is supported by 281 pillars each with a stone lion There are countless lions on the bridge, so there are countless lions on the Bridge in Beijing. Lugou Bridge is not only famous for its aesthetic features, but also recognized as a monument in the history of stone bridge construction.

位于...西南15公里处	be located 15 kilometers southwest of ...
横跨	span
现存最古老的	the oldest existing
柱子	pillar
丰碑	monument

第 2 套:南京长江大桥

        南京长江大桥是长江上首座由中国设计、采用国产材料建造的铁路、公路两用桥，上层的4车道公路桥长4589米，下层的双轨道铁路桥长6772米。铁路桥连接原来的天津浦口和上海南京两条铁路线，使火车过江从过去-一个半小时缩短为现在的2分钟。大桥是南北交通的重要枢纽，也是南京的著名景点之一。南京长江大桥的建成标志着中国桥梁建设的一个飞跃，大大方便了长江两岸的物资交流和人员往来，对促进经济成发展和改善人民生活起到了巨大作用。

        The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is the first rail-road bridge across the Yantze River which was designed by China and constructed with China-made materials. The upper deck is a 4,589 metre-long four-lane road bridge, and the lower deck a 6,772 metre-long double-rail one which joins the original Tianjin-Pukou and Shanghai-Nanjing railway lines, shortening the traveling time across the river from 1.5 hours to 2 minutes. The bridge is not only a significant north-south traffic, hub but also a famous scenic spot in Nanjing. The bridge marks a huge progress in China' S bridge construction, greatly facilitating the exchanges of both goods and people on both sides of the Yangtze River and playing a major role in the development of economy and the improvement of people' S living condition.

铁路公路两用的	rail-road
上(下)层	the upper(lower) deck
连接	join
标志着一个飞跃	mark a huge progress
方便了	facilitate
货物	goods

第 3 套:赵州桥

        赵州桥建于隋朝，公元605年左右，长50.82米，宽9.6米， 跨度37.37米。天才建筑师李春设计并监督了桥的建设。赵州桥结构新颖、造型优美。桥有一个大拱，在大拱的两端有两个小拱，帮助排泄洪水、减轻桥梁重量并节省石材。建成以来，该桥经受了多次洪水和地震，但其主体结构仍然完好无损，至今仍在使用。赵州桥是世界桥梁建筑史上的一次创举，是中国古代文明史上的一项杰出成就。类似设计的桥梁直到14世纪才在成欧洲出现，比赵州桥晚了700多年。

        Zhaozhou Bridge was built in the Sui Dynasty around 605. It is 50.82 meters long and 9.6 meters wide with a span of 37.37 meters. Li Chun, a genius architect, design and supervise the construction of the Zhaozhou bridge. The bridge boasts a novel structure and agraceful appearance, with a major arch in the middle and two minor ones on its ends which help discharge floods, reduce the weight of the bridge and save stones. The bridge suffered floods and earthquakes for many times, but its main structure is still intact, still in use Zhaozhou Bridge is a pioneering work in the history of bridge construction in the world, and an outstanding achievement in the history of ancient Chinese civilization. Bridges of similar design did not appear in Europe until the 14th century, more than 700 years later than zhaozhou Bridge.

监督	supervise
以...闻名	boast
排泄	discharge
完好无损的	intact
创举	a pioneering work
中国古代文明史	ancient Chinese civilization
直到...才...	do not ... until ...

2021年6月

第 1 套:青海

  青海是中国西北部的一个省份，平均海拔3千米以上，大部分地区为高山和高原。青海省得名于全国最大的咸水湖青海湖。青海湖被誉为“中国最美的湖泊”，是最受欢迎的旅游景点之一，也是摄影师和艺术家的天堂。青海山川壮丽，地大物博。石油和天然气储量丰富，省内许多城市的经济在石油和天然气工业带动下得到了长足发展。青海尤以水资源丰富而闻名，是中国三大河流长江、黄河和澜沧江的发源地，在中国的水生态中发挥着重要作用。

  Qinghai is a province in northwestern China with an average altitude of more than 3 kilometers. Most areas of the province are high mountains and plateaus. The province is named after Qinghai Lake, the largest saltwater lake in the country, which is also known as the most beautiful lake in China. It is one of the most popular tourist attractions nationwide, as well as a paradise for photographers and artists. Qinghai features magnificent landscapes, vast territory and abundant resources. The rich oil and natural gas reserves have contributed to the rapid and constant economy growth of many cities within the province. Qinghai is especially renowned for its abundant water resources. It serves as the headstreams of China’s three major rivers – the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the Lancang River, thus playing an vital role in China’s water ecosystem.

第 2 套:云南

  云南是位于中国西南的一个省，平均海拔1500米。云南历史悠久，风景秀丽，气候宜人。云南生态环境优越，生物多种多样，被誉为野生动植物的天堂。云南还有多种矿藏和充足的水资源，为全省经济的可持续发展提供了有利条件。 云南居住着25个少数民族，他们大多有自己的语言习俗和宗教。云南独特的自然景色和丰富的民族文化使其成为中国最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一，每年都吸引着大批国内外游客前往观光旅游。

  Yunnan is a province located in the southwest of China with an average altitude of 1500 meters. Yunnan has a long history, beautiful scenery and a pleasant climate. With a superior ecological environment and a wide variety of living creatures, Yunnan is known as a paradise for wild animals and plants. Yunnan also has a variety of mineral resources and adequate water resources, which provide favorable conditions for the sustainable development of the whole province’s economy. The province is home to 25 ethnic minorities, most of whom have their own languages, customs and religions. Its unique natural scenery and rich national culture have made it one of the most popular tourist destinations in China, attracting large numbers of domestic and foreign tourists each year.

第 3 套:海南

  海南是仅次于台湾的中国第二大岛，是位于中国最南端的省份。海南岛风景秀丽，气候宜人，阳光充足，生物多样，温泉密布，海水清澈，大部分海滩几乎全年都是游泳和日光浴的理想场所，因而被誉为中国的四季花园和度假胜地，每年都吸引了大批中外游客。海南1988年建省以来，旅游业、服务业、高新技术产业飞速发展，是中国唯一的省级经济特区。在中央政府和全国人民的大力支持下，海南将建成中国最大的自由贸易试验区。

  Hainan Island is the second largest island in China after Taiwan Island and is the province located in the southernmost part of China. Hainan Island has beautiful scenery, pleasant climate, abundant sunshine, diverse creatures, dense hot springs and clear sea water. Most of the beaches are ideal places for swimming and sunbathing almost all year round. Therefore, it is known as China’s all-season garden and resort, attracting a large number of tourists domestic and overseas every year. Since Hainan was established as a province in 1988, its tourism, service and high-tech industries have developed rapidly. It is the only provincial special economic zone in China. With the strong support of the central government and the people of the whole country, Hainan will become China’s largest pilot free trade zone.

2020年12月

第 1 套:大兴机场

  北京大兴国际机场位于天安门广场以南46公里处，于2019年9月30日投入使用。该巨型工程于2014年开工建设，高峰时工地上有4万多工人。航站楼设计紧凑，可以允许最大数量的飞机直接停靠在最靠近航站楼中心的位置，这给乘客提供了极大的方便。航站楼共有82个登机口，但乘客通过安检后，只需不到8分钟就能抵达任何一个登机口。机场的设计可确保每小时300架次起降。机场年客运量2040年将达到1亿人次，有望成为世界上最繁忙的机场。

译文：

  Beijing Daxing International Airport, located 46 kilometers south of Tiananmen Square, began operations on September 30, 2019. The construction of the megastructure started in 2014 with more than 40,000 workers on the construction site in the peak time. Featuring a compact design, the terminal building allows the maximum number of aircrafts possible to park closest to its center, providing great convenience to passengers. There are a total of 82 boarding gates in the terminal, each of which can be accessed in less than 8 minutes once through the security check. Such design of the airport guarantees 300 takeoffs and landings per hour. The Airport’s annual passenger capacity is expected to reach 100 million in 2040, and thus making it the busiest airport in the world.

第 2 套:港珠澳大桥

  港珠澳大桥(Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge)全长55公里，是我国一项不同寻常的工程壮举。大桥将三个城市连接起来，是世界上最长的跨海桥梁和隧道系统。大桥将三个城市之间的旅行时间从3小时缩短到30分钟。这座跨度巨大的钢筋混凝土大桥充分证明中国有能力建造创纪录的巨型建筑。它将助推区域一体化，促进经济增长。大桥是中国发展自己的大湾区总体规划的关键。中国希望将大湾区建成在技术创新和经济繁荣上能与旧金山、纽约和东京的湾区相媲美的地区。

  The 55-kilometer Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is a magnificent feat of engineering of China. Connecting Hongkong, Zhuhai and Macau, the Bridge is the longest sea-crossing bridge-tunnel system in the world. With the bridge in place, travelling time between the three cities is cut down from three hours to thirty minutes. This reinforced concrete bridge with huge spans fully proves China’s ability to create record-breaking megastructures. It will not only boost regional integration but also promote economic growth. The Bridge is the key in China’s overall plan to develop the Greater Bay Area. It is China’s intention to build the Greater Bay Area to match the Bay Areas of San Francisco, New York and Tokyo in terms of technological innovation and economic prosperity.

第 3 套:青藏铁路

  青藏铁路是世界上最高最长的高原铁路，全长1956公里，其中有960公里在海拔4000多米之上，是连接西藏和中国其他地区的第一条铁路。由于铁路穿越世界上最脆弱的生态系统，在建设期间和建成后都采取了生态保护措施，以确保其成为一条“绿色铁路”。青藏铁路大大缩短了中国内地与西藏之间的旅行时间。更重要的是，它极大地促进了西藏的经济发展，改善了当地居民的生活。铁路开通后，愈来愈多的人选择乘火车前往西藏，这样还有机会欣赏沿线的美景。

  Qinghai-Tibet Railway is the highest and longest plateau railway in the world, with a total length of 1,956 kilometers, of which 960 kilometers is above the altitude of 4,000 meters. It is the first railway to connect Tibet to other areas of China. As it crosses the most fragile eco-system in the world, ecological protection measures have been taken during and after construction to ensure that it becomes a “green railway”. The Qinghai-Tibet railway has largely shortened the travel time between Chinese mainland and Tibet. More importantly, it has greatly promoted Tibet’s economic development and improved the lives of local residents. After the opening of the railway, an increasing number of people choose to go to Tibet by train, in order to take the opportunity to enjoy the beautiful scenery on the way.

2020 年9月

第 1 套:西游记

  《西游记》( Journey to the West)也许是中国文学四大经典小说中最具影响力的一部，当然也是在国外最广为人知的一部小说。这部小说描绘了著名僧侣玄奘在三个随从的陪同下穿越中国西部地区前往印度取经( Buddhist scripture)的艰难历程。虽然故事的主题基于佛教,但这部小说采用了大量中国民间故事和神话的素材,创造了各种栩栩如生的人物和动物形象。其中最著名的是孙悟空,他与各种各样妖魔作斗争的故事几乎为每个中国孩子所熟知。

  Journey to the West is probably the most influential one of the four classic novels in the Chinese literature and surely the best-known one on foreign lands. Depicted in the novel is the hard journey that Xuanzang, an eminent monk, and his three followers make across west China to India to fetch Buddhist scripture. Although the theme is based on Buddhism，the book employs many materials of Chinese folk tales and myths to create various vivid images of characters and animals, among which is the most famous Monkey King, whose stories of fighting genies are extremely popular among Chinese kids.

第 2 套:红楼梦

  《红楼梦》( Dream of the Red Chamber) 是18世纪曹雪芹创作的一部小说。曹雪芹基于自己痛苦的个人经历，讲述了贾宝玉和林黛玉之间的悲剧性爱情故事。书中有大约30个主要人物和400多个次要人物，每个人物都刻画得栩栩如生，具有鲜明的个性。小说详尽地描述了四个贵族世家兴衰的历程，反映了封建社会隐藏的种种危机和错综复杂的社会冲突。《红楼梦》融合了现实主义和浪漫主义，具有很强的艺术感染力。它被普遍认为是中国最伟大的小说，也是世界上最伟大的文学创作之一。

  Dream of the Red Chamber is a novel written by Cao Xueqin in the 18th century. The writer told a love tragedy between Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu, based on his own painful experience. There are about 30 main characters and over 400 minor characters, each vividly portrayed with distinct personalities. The novel describes in detail the rise and fall of four prominent families, reflecting the hidden crises of feudal society and the intricacies of social conflicts. Dream of the Red Chamber is a work combining both realism and romanticism, imposing a strong artistic influence. It is widely recognized as the greatest Chinese novel and one of the world’s greatest literary creations.

第 3 套:水浒传

  《水浒传》(Water Margin)是中国文学四大经典小说之一。这部小说基于历史人物宋江及其伙伴反抗封建帝王的故事，数百年来一直深受中国读者的喜爱。

  毫不夸张地说，几乎每个中国人都熟悉小说中的一些主要人物。这部小说中的精彩故事在茶馆、戏剧舞台、广播电视、电影屏幕和无数家庭中反复讲述。事实上，这部小说的影响已经远远超出了国界。越来越多的外国读者也感到这部小说里的故事生动感人，趣味盎然。

译文：

  Water Margin is one of the Four Great Classic Novels in Chinese literature. It is based on the story of the historical figure Song Jiang and his companions’ rebellion against the feudal emperor. The story has been very popular among Chinese readers for hundreds of years.

  Without exaggeration, nearly every Chinese can recognize some of the main characters in the novel. The exciting tales have been told over and over again in teahouses, on theater stages, by radios, televisions and movies, and in millions of families. As a matter of fact, the influence of this novel has gone far beyond the national boundaries. More and more foreign readers have found this stories moving and intriguing.

2020 年7月

第 1 套:三国演义

真题：

  《三国演义》写于14世纪，是中国著名的历史小说。这部小说以三国时期的历史为基础，描写了从二世纪下半叶到三世纪下半叶魏、蜀、吴之间的战争。小说描写了近千个人物和无数的历史事件。虽然这些人物和事件大多是基于真实的历史，但是它们都不同程度地被浪漫化和戏剧化了。《三国演义》是公认的文学名著。自出版以来，这部小说吸引了一代又一代的读者，对中国文化产生了广泛而持久的影响。

译文：

  The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, written in the 14th century, is a well-known Chinese historical novel. Set in period of the Three Kingdoms, the book depicts wars among Wei, Shu Han and Wu from the second half of the 2nd century A.D. to the second half of the 3rd century A.D. Nearly one thousand figures and innumerable historical events are included in the novel. Although these figures and events are based on genuine history, they are romanticized and dramatized to some extent. As a universally-acknowledged literary masterpiece, this novel, which has appealed to readers from generation to generation, has had a lasting impact on Chinese culture.
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_51974705/article/details/118424196

2018年6月

第 1 套:私家车

有一辆私家车对大部分中国人而言是件奢侈的事。如今，私家车在中国随处 可见。汽车成了人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，他们不仅开车上下班，还经常驾 车出游。有些城市的汽车增长速度过快，以至于交通拥堵和停车位不足的问题日 益严峻，这些城市的市政府不得不出台新规，限制上路汽车的数量。由于空气污 染日益严重，现在越来越多的人选择购买新能源汽车，中国政府也采取了一些措 施，支持新能源汽车的发展。

In the past, having a private car was a luxury for most Chinese people. Nowadays, private cars can be seen everywhere in China. Motor vehicles have become an integral part of people's lives: not only do they drive to work, they also go for self-driving travel a lot. In some cities, the growth of number of cars is so fast that traffic jams and parking space shortage are getting worse and worse. Hence, their municipal governments have to introduce new rules so as to limit the number of cars on road. Meanwhile, as air pollution has become increasingly serious, more and more people are now choosing to purchase new energy vehicles, and the Chinese government has also taken some measures to support the development of new energy vehicles.

第 2 套:自行车

过去，自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车 王国”。如今，随着城市交通拥挤和空气污染日益严重，骑自行车又开始流行起 来。近来，中国企业家将移动互联网技术与传统自行车结合在一起，发明了一种 称为共享单车的商业模式。共享单车的出现使骑车出行更加方便，人们仅需用一 部手机就可以随时使用共享单车。为了鼓励人们骑车出行，很多城市修建了自行 车道。现在，越来越多的中国人也喜欢通过骑车健身。

In the past, cycling was once the major means of transportation in China's urban and rural areas, for which China was once labeled the "bike kingdom." Nowadays, as the city's traffic congestion and air pollution become increasingly serious, cycling has gained its popularity again. Recently, Chinese entrepreneurs have combined mobile Internet technology with traditional bicycles, innovating a new business model called“shared bicycle”. With the advent of shared bicycles, cycling is much more convenient: people can ride a shared bicycle at any time with only a mobile phone. In order to encourage people to cycle, many cities have built bicycle lanes. Nowadays, the number of Chinese people who like to exercise by cycling keeps increasing.

第 3 套:高铁

中国目前拥有世界上最大最快的高速铁路网。高铁列车的运行速度还将继续 提升，更多的城市将修建高铁站。高铁大大缩短了人们出行的时间。相对飞机而 言，高铁列车的突出优势在于准时，因为基本不受天气或交通管制的影响。高铁 极大地改变了中国人的生活方式。如今，它已经成了很多人商务旅行的首选交通 工具。越来越多的人也在假日乘高铁外出旅游。还有不少年轻人选择在一个城市 工作而在邻近城市居住，每天乘高铁上下班。

Currently, China possesses the world’s largest and fastest high-speed railway network. Furthermore, the speed of bullet trains will continue to increase, and more cities are planning to build high-speed rail stations. High-speed rail has greatly shortened the time people spend on traveling. Compared with aircraft, the outstanding advantage of high-speed trains is punctuality, for they are basically not affected by weather or traffic control. High-speed train has greatly changed the life style of Chinese people. Nowadays, it has become the vehicle of first choice for people on many business trips; the number of passengers traveling on high-speed rail during holidays are also growing; furthermore, many young people even choose to work in one city while living in a nearby one, taking high-speed trains to commute every day.

2017年12月

第 1 套:太湖

太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖，占地面积 2250 平方公里，是中国第三大淡 水湖，仅次于鄱阳和洞庭。太湖约有 90 个岛屿，大小从几平方米到几平方公里 不等。太湖以其独特的“太湖石”而闻名，太湖石常用于装饰中国传统园林。太湖 也以高产的捕鱼业闻名。自上世纪 70 年代后期以来，捕捞鱼蟹对沿湖的居民来 说极为重要，并对周边地区的经济作出了重大贡献。太湖地区是中国陶瓷 (ceramics)业基地之一，其中宜兴的陶瓷厂家生产举世闻名的宜兴紫砂壶(clay teapot)。

With an area of 2,250 square kilometers, Lake Tai in eastern China is the third largest freshwater lake after Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake. The lake houses about 90 islands, ranging in size from a few square meters to several square kilometers. The lake is renowned for its unique limestone formations, which are often employed to decorate traditional Chinese gardens. The lake is also known for its productive fishing industry. Since the late 1970s, harvesting fish and crabs has been invaluable to people living along the lake and has contributed significantly to the economy of the surrounding area. The lake is home to an extensive ceramics industry, including the Yixing pottery factory, which produces the world-renowned Yixing clay teapots.

第 2 套:青海湖

青海湖位于海拔 3,205 米、青海省省会西宁以西约 100 公里处，是中国最大 的咸水湖，面积 4,317 平方公里，最深处 25.5 米。有 23 条河注入湖中，其中大 部分是季节性的。百分之八十的湖水源于五条主要河流。青海湖位于跨越亚洲的 几条候鸟迁徙路线的交叉处。许多鸟类把青海湖作为迁徙过程中的暂息地。湖的 西侧是著名的“鸟岛”，吸引着来自世界各地的观鸟者。每年夏天，游客们也来这 里观看国际自行车比赛。

3,205 meters above the sea level, Qinghai Lake is located about 100 kilometers west of Xining, capital of Qinghai province in western China. Qinghai Lake, the largest saline lake in the country, has a surface area of 4,317 square kilometers with a maximum depth of 25.5 meters. Most of the 23 rivers and streams that empty into Qinghai Lake are seasonal. Five major streams provide 80% of the lake's total influx. Located at the crossroads of several bird migration routes across Asia, Qinghai Lake

offers many species an intermediate stop during their migration. On the western side of the lake is the well-known "Bird Island", which attracts birdwatchers from across the globe. Every summer sees numerous visitors come here to watch the Qinghai Lake International Cycling Race.

第 3 套:洞庭湖

洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。洞庭湖是长江的蓄洪池， 湖的大小很大程度上取决于季节变化。湖北和湖南两省因其与湖的相对位置而得 名:湖北意为“湖的北边”，而湖南则为“湖的南边”。洞庭湖作为龙舟赛的发源地， 在中国文化中享有盛名。据说龙舟赛始于洞庭湖东岸，为的是搜寻楚国爱国诗人 屈原的遗体。龙舟赛与洞庭湖及周边的美景，每年都吸引着成千上万来自全国和 世界各地的游客。

Dongting Lake is a large, shallow lake in northeastern Hunan province, China. It is a flood basin of the Yangtze River. Hence, the lake's size largely depends on the season. The provinces of Hubei and Hunan are named after their location relative to the lake. Hubei means "North of the Lake" and Hunan, "South of the Lake". Dongting Lake is famous in Chinese culture as the birthplace of dragon boat racing, which is said to have begun on the eastern shores of Dongting Lake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan, the Chu poet (340-278 BC). Together with the lake and its surrounding beauty, the racing appeals to thousands of tourists from other parts of China and beyond each year.

2017年6月

第 1 套:唐朝

唐朝始于 618 年，终于 907 年，是中国历史上最灿烂的时期。经过三百年的 发展，唐代中国成为世界上最繁荣的强国，其首都长安是世界上最大的都市。这 一时期，经济发达，商业繁荣，社会秩序稳定，甚至边境也对外开放。随着城市 化的财富的增加，艺术和文学也繁荣起来。李白和杜甫是以作品简洁自然而著称 的诗人。他们的诗歌打动了学者和普通人的心，即使在今天，他们的许多诗歌仍 广为儿童及成人阅读背诵。

Initiated from AD 618 to AD 907, the Tang dynasty was regarded as the most glorious period of Chinese history. After developing for 300 years, China in Tang dynasty became the most prosperous country in the world, and its capital Chang’an the biggest metropolis. China in this period enjoyed a splendid era with overwhelmingly developed economy and commerce, and the social order also remained stable, even the borders were open to other countries. With the development of urbanization and the accumulation of wealth, art and literature also thrived. Famous poets like Li Bai and Du Fu were known for the concise and neat language in their works. Their poems touched everyone, ranging from scholars to ordinary people. Even today, their poems are still being read and recited by both children and adults.

第 2 套:宋朝

宋朝始于 960 年，一直延续到 1279 年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成 为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展，宋代中国是世界 历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了活字(movable-lype) 印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热门的娱乐场所。社会生 活多种多样。人们聚焦在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府体制在当时也 是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔任用。

The Song dynasty began from 960 and ended in 1279. During the period, China had witnessed huge growth in the economy, making it the most advanced economy in the world. Science and technology, philosophy and mathematics also flourished at that time. In the Song dynasty, China was the first country in the world to issue paper money, use gunpowder and invent movable-type printing. With rapidly increasing

population, more and more people moved into the city, in which entertainment venues were very busy. People could enjoy various social life, getting together to appreciate and trade precious artworks. The Song dynasty also enjoyed an advanced government system in the world. All of the government officials were selected and appointed through the competitive examination.

第 3 套:明朝

明朝统治中国 276 年，被人们描绘成人类历史上治理有序、社会稳定的最伟 大的时代之一。这一时期，手工业的发展促进了市场经济和城市化。大量商品， 包括酒和丝绸，都在市场销售。同时，还进口许多外国商品，如时钟和烟草。北 京、南京、扬州、苏州这样的大商业中心相继形成。也是在明代，由郑和率领的 船队曾到印度洋进行了七次大规模探险航行。还值得一提的是，中国文学的四大 经典名著中有三部写于明朝。

The Ming dynasty ruled China for 276 years, which is depicted as one of the feudal dynasties that are governed orderly and stabilized in the history. In this period, the development of handicraft promoted the market economy and urbanization. An ocean of commodities, including wine and silk, were sold on the market. Meanwhile, numerous exotic products were imported, such as clocks and tobacco. Commercial centers like Beijing, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Suzhou formed in succession. It was also in Ming dynasty that the fleet of ships led by ZhengHe expedited for seven times to the Indian Ocean on a large scale. What’s more, three of the four classical novels are written in the Ming dynasty.

2016年12月

第 1 套:旅游

随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。过去，中国 人的时间主要花在谋生上，很少有机会外出旅行。然而，近年来中国旅游业发展 迅速。经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个前所未有的旅游热潮。中 国人不仅在国内旅游，出国旅游也越来越普遍。2016 年国庆节假日期间，旅游 消费总计超过 4000 亿元。据世界贸易组织估计，2020 年中国将成为世界上最大 的旅游国，在未来几年里将成为处境旅游支出增长最快的国家。

With the improvement of living standards, vacation is playing an increasingly important role in Chinese people’s life. In the past, Chinese people mainly spent their time on earning a living and seldom did they have the opportunities to travel abroad. However, the recent years has witnessed a fast development of China’s tourism industry. The boom of economy and emergence of the affluent middle class, has triggered an unprecedented tourism boom. Chinese people are not only traveling within China, but traveling abroad is also becoming more and more popular. During the National Day holiday of 2016, the consumption of tourism adds up to more than 400 billion. According to the estimate of the WTO, China will become the country with the largest tourism industry in the world in 2020, and it will become the country with the fastest consumption increase in traveling abroad in the next few years.

第 2 套:学汉语

随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，学汉语的人数迅速增加，使汉语成了世界上人们 最爱学的语言之一。近年来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。由于 中国教育的巨大进步，中国成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一就不足为奇 了。2015 年，近 40 万国际学生蜂拥来到中国市场。他们学习的科目不再限于中 国语言和文化，而包括科学与工程。在全球教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地 位，但中国正在迅速赶上。

As China’s economy booms, there is a dramatic increase in the number of people learning Chinese, which makes it become one of the most popular languages. In recent years, international ranks of Chinese universities have apparently boosted. Owing to the progress of Chinese education, it is not odd that China has become one

of the most favorite destinations for oversea students studying abroad. In 2015, around four hundred thousand international students piled into China to study. What they learn is no more limited to the subjects of Chinese and Chinese culture, they also learn science and engineering. In the global education market, America and Britain still play dominant roles, while China is catching up.

第 3 套:中国农业

农业是中国的一个重要产业，从业者超过 3 亿。中国农业产量全球第一，主 要生产水稻、小麦和豆类。虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，但为世界 百分之二十的人提供了粮食。中国 7700 年开始种植水稻。早在使用机械和化肥 之前，勤劳和富有创造性的中国农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物产 量。中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的， 包括食品安全，大众健康和可持续发展。

Agriculture is one of the most important industries in China which embraces more than 300 million workers. China ‘s agriculture output ranks the first all over the word, and it mainly produce rice, wheat and beans. China provides 20 percent of the world food, though its agriculture land only accounts for 10% of the world’s total.China’s history of planting rice dates back as early as 7700 B.C. Long before the use of machinery and fertilizers, industrious and creative farmers had already used different kinds of methods to increase crop yields. The latest trend of the agriculture development in China is to promote organic agriculture. And the organic agriculture can serve a variety of purposes, which including food safety, public health and sustainable development.

2016年6月

第 1 套:旗袍

旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服装,源于中国的满族(Manchu Nationality)。在 清代,旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪 20 年代，受西方服饰的影响，旗 袍发生了一些变化。袖口(cuffs)变窄，袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以充分 展现。如今，旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出席重要社交聚会时， 旗袍往往是她们的首选。很多中国新娘也会选择旗袍作为结婚礼服。一些有影响 的人士甚至建议将旗袍作为中国女性的民族服饰。

Qipao is a kind of elegant Chinese dress, which is originated from Manzu Nationality in China. In Qing Dynasty, Qipao is a kind of loose robes which royal women wear. In the 1920 s, having been influenced by western clothing, some changes have taken place in Chinese dress--- Qipao. The cuff of Qipao has became narrow, and the robe has became short. These changes have reflected the beauty of the females. Today, Qipao often appears in the world fashion show. When Chinese women attend some important social gatherings, they often chhose Qipao as their their first dress. Also, many Chinese brides will choose Qipao as their wedding dress. Some influential people have even suggested that Qipao should be women's national costume in China.

第 2 套:深圳

深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。在改革开放之前，深圳不过是一个渔村，仅有三万多人。20 世纪 80 年代，中国政府创建了深圳经济特区，作为实施 社会主义市场经济的试验田。如今，深圳的人口已超过 1,000 万，整个城市发生 了巨大的变化。到 2014 年，深圳的人均(per-capita)GDP 已达 25,000 美元，相 当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。就综合经济实力而言，深圳居于中国顶尖城市 之列。由于其独特的地位，深圳也是国内外企业家创业的理想之地。

Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong province,China Before the implementation of reform and opening-up policy,it was but a fishing village only with a population of over 30 thousand In the 1980s,Chinese government established Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot for the implementation of

socialist market economy.Currently,the population of Shenzhen has exceeded 10 million and the whole city has undergone tremendous changes. By 2014,the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25 thousand dollars,equivalent to that of some developed countries in the world.As far as its overall economic power is concerned,Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China.Due to its unique status,it is also an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their businesses.

 第 3 套:创新

中国的创新正以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世界 发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在积 极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学，从新能源到机器人等各 类高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，无 论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内外 消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。

Innovation is progressing in an unprecedented speed in China. In order to catch up with those developed countries in the world as fast as it can in the science and technology field, China has increased funds for development research substantially in recent years. Universities and research institutions in China are actively carrying out innovation researches, which cover high-technology fields such as big data, biochemistry, new energy and robots, etc. They also cooperate with science park in various regions, commercializing the research results of innovation. Meanwhile, no matter in production and business model, entrepreneurs in China are competing to be pioneers in innovation to adapt to the constantly changing and increasing needs of the consumer market at home and abroad.

2015年12月

第 1 套:中国工业升级

最近，中国政府决定将其工业升级。中国现在涉足建造高速列车，远洋船舶， 机器人，甚至飞机。不久前，中国获得了在印度尼西亚建造一条高铁的合同:中 国还与马拉西亚签署了为其提供高速列车的合同。这证明人们信赖中国造产品。 中国造产品越来越受欢迎。中国为此付出了代价，但这确实有助于消除贫困，同 时还为世界各地的人们提供了就业机会。这是一件好事，值得称赞。下次你去商 店时，可能想看一看你所购商品的出产国名。很有可能这件商品是中国造的。

Recently, the Chinese government has decided to upgrade its industry. China is now involved in building high-speed trains, ocean-going ships, robots, even the planes. Not long ago, China won the contract of building a high-speed railway in Indonesia. The Contract of China proving high-speed trains for Malaysia also signed by the two sides, which proves that goods made-in-China are widely trusted. Goods made-in-China has become more and more popular. Although China has paid prices for it, it does help to eliminate poverty and to provide work chances for people all over the world as well. This is a good work and worth speaking highly of. You may want to take a look at which country your goods comes from when you go to the store next time. It is very probably made in China.

第 2 套:中国减贫

在帮助国际社会于 2030 年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重 要的角色。自 20 世纪 70 年代末实施改革开放以来，中国已使多达四亿人摆脱了 贫困。在未来五年中，中国将向其他发展中国家在减少贫困、发展教育、农业现 代化、环境保护和医疗保健等方面提供援助。中国在减少贫困方面取得了显著进 步，并在促进经济增长方面作出了不懈努力，这将鼓励其他贫困国家应对自身发 展中的挑战。在寻求具有自身特色的发展道路时，这些国家可以借鉴中国的经验。

China is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community in the process of eradicating extreme poverty by 2030. Since the

implementation of reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has helped as many as 400 million people out of poverty. In the next five years, China will provide assistance to other developing countries in poverty reduction, education development, agricultural modernization, environmental protection, health care and so on. China has made remarkable progress in poverty alleviation, and it has made unremitting efforts in promoting economic growth. This will encourage other poor countries to cope with their own development challenges. These countries can learn from China's experience in seeking the path of development with their own characteristics.

第 3 套:父母为孩子做决定

在中国，父母总是竭力帮助孩子，甚至为孩子做重要决定，而不管孩子想要 什么，因为他们相信这样做是为孩子好。结果，孩子的成长和教育往往屈从于父 母的意愿。如果父母决定为孩子报名参加一个课外班，以增加其被重点学校录取 的机会，他们会坚持自己的决定，即使孩子根本不感兴趣。然而在美国，父母可 能会尊重孩子的意见，并在决策时更注重他们的意见。中国父母十分重视教育或 许值得称赞。然而，他们应该向美国父母学习在涉及教育时如何平衡父母与子女 间的关系。

Parents in China are always trying to help their children, even to make the most important decision for them, regardless of what the children really want, because parents believe it’s all for the benefit of their children. This has led to the result that the children’s growth and education tend to give way to their parents’ wishes. Once the parents decide to sign up an afterschool class for their children in order to increase their chance of being admitted to a good school, they will stick on their decision, even their children have no interest in it at all.In America, however, parents tend to respect their children, especially when making decisions. Perhaps it is commendable that Chinese parents lay much importance on education, but Chinese parents still need to keep the balance between the parents and children in the perspective of education as the American parents do.