配置外部中断步骤
- 配置RCC
/**
* @brief Enables or disables the High Speed APB (APB2) peripheral clock.
* @param RCC_APB2Periph: specifies the APB2 peripheral to gates its clock.
* This parameter can be any combination of the following values:
* @arg RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB,
* RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE,
* RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOF, RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOG, RCC_APB2Periph_ADC1,
* RCC_APB2Periph_ADC2, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM1, RCC_APB2Periph_SPI1,
* RCC_APB2Periph_TIM8, RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, RCC_APB2Periph_ADC3,
* RCC_APB2Periph_TIM15, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM16, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM17,
* RCC_APB2Periph_TIM9, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM10, RCC_APB2Periph_TIM11
* @param NewState: new state of the specified peripheral clock.
* This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
* @retval None
*/
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE); //开启GPIOB的时钟
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_AFIO, ENABLE); //开启AFIO的时钟，外部中断必须开启AFIO的时钟
- 配置GPIO
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_14;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
但相同的Pin不能同时触发中断：即PA0和PB0不能同时触发中断
- 配置AFIO
GPIO和AFIO库函数
// 取消初始化GPIO端口，恢复其默认设置
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
void GPIO_DeInit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx);
// 取消初始化GPIO的复用功能（AFIO）
void GPIO_AFIODeInit(void);
// 初始化GPIO端口，根据提供的结构体配置GPIO参数
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_InitStruct: 指向GPIO_InitTypeDef结构体的指针，包含GPIO配置信息
void GPIO_Init(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct);
// 将GPIO_InitTypeDef结构体初始化为默认值
// GPIO_InitStruct: 指向GPIO_InitTypeDef结构体的指针，将被初始化为默认设置
void GPIO_StructInit(GPIO_InitTypeDef* GPIO_InitStruct);
// 读取指定GPIO端口的指定位的数据
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_Pin: 指定要读取的GPIO引脚
// 返回值: 指定引脚的状态（0或1）
uint8_t GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin);
// 读取指定GPIO端口所有引脚的数据
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// 返回值: 包含所有引脚状态的16位值
uint16_t GPIO_ReadInputData(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx);
// 读取指定GPIO端口的指定位的输出数据
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_Pin: 指定要读取的GPIO引脚
// 返回值: 指定引脚的状态（0或1）
uint8_t GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin);
// 读取指定GPIO端口所有引脚的输出数据
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// 返回值: 包含所有引脚状态的16位值
uint16_t GPIO_ReadOutputData(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx);
// 设置指定GPIO端口的指定位
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_Pin: 指定要设置的GPIO引脚
void GPIO_SetBits(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin);
// 重置指定GPIO端口的指定位
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_Pin: 指定要重置的GPIO引脚
void GPIO_ResetBits(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin);
// 设置或重置指定GPIO端口的指定位
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_Pin: 指定要设置的GPIO引脚
// BitVal: 指定要设置的值（Bit_RESET 或 Bit_SET）
void GPIO_WriteBit(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin, BitAction BitVal);
// 向指定GPIO端口写入数据
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// PortVal: 要写入端口的16位值
void GPIO_Write(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t PortVal);
// 锁定指定GPIO端口的引脚配置，防止被意外修改
// GPIOx: 指向GPIO_TypeDef结构体的指针，代表特定的GPIO端口
// GPIO_Pin: 指定要锁定的GPIO引脚
void GPIO_PinLockConfig(GPIO_TypeDef* GPIOx, uint16_t GPIO_Pin);
// 配置GPIO事件输出，用于触发某些外设事件
// GPIO_PortSource: 指定GPIO端口源
// GPIO_PinSource: 指定GPIO引脚源
void GPIO_EventOutputConfig(uint8_t GPIO_PortSource, uint8_t GPIO_PinSource);
// 启用或禁用GPIO事件输出
// NewState: 指定启用（ENABLE）或禁用（DISABLE）状态
void GPIO_EventOutputCmd(FunctionalState NewState);
// 重新映射某些外设的引脚到其他GPIO端口
// GPIO_Remap: 指定要重新映射的外设和引脚
// NewState: 指定启用（ENABLE）或禁用（DISABLE）状态
void GPIO_PinRemapConfig(uint32_t GPIO_Remap, FunctionalState NewState);
// 配置外部中断线（EXTI）的GPIO端口和引脚源
// GPIO_PortSource: 指定外部中断线连接的GPIO端口源
// GPIO_PinSource: 指定外部中断线连接的GPIO引脚源
void GPIO_EXTILineConfig(uint8_t GPIO_PortSource, uint8_t GPIO_PinSource);
// 配置以太网媒体接口（ETH）的GPIO引脚
// GPIO_ETH_MediaInterface: 指定以太网媒体接口的类型（如MII、RMII等）
// 这个函数通常用于STM32的以太网接口，配置相关的GPIO引脚作为MII或RMII等模式的媒体接口
void GPIO_ETH_MediaInterfaceConfig(uint32_t GPIO_ETH_MediaInterface);
/*AFIO选择中断引脚*/
GPIO_EXTILineConfig(GPIO_PortSourceGPIOB, GPIO_PinSource14);//将外部中断的14号线映射到GPIOB，即选择PB14为外部中断引脚
- 配置EXTI
void EXTI_DeInit(void);//复位EXTI
void EXTI_Init(EXTI_InitTypeDef* EXTI_InitStruct);//初始化EXTI
void EXTI_StructInit(EXTI_InitTypeDef* EXTI_InitStruct);//结构体变量赋一个默认值
void EXTI_GenerateSWInterrupt(uint32_t EXTI_Line);//软件触发外部中断
FlagStatus EXTI_GetFlagStatus(uint32_t EXTI_Line);//获得中断标志位的状态，最好在主程序使用
void EXTI_ClearFlag(uint32_t EXTI_Line);//清除状态标志位，最好在主程序使用
ITStatus EXTI_GetITStatus(uint32_t EXTI_Line);//获取中断标志位是否置1，最好在中断函数使用
void EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(uint32_t EXTI_Line);//清除中断挂起标志位，最好在中断函数使用
/*EXTI初始化*/
EXTI_InitTypeDef EXTI_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Line = EXTI_Line14; //选择配置外部中断的14号线
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_LineCmd = ENABLE; //指定外部中断线使能
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Mode = EXTI_Mode_Interrupt; //指定外部中断线为中断模式
EXTI_InitStructure.EXTI_Trigger = EXTI_Trigger_Falling; //指定外部中断线为下降沿触发
EXTI_Init(&EXTI_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给EXTI_Init，配置EXTI外设
#define EXTI_Line0 ((uint32_t)0x00001) /*!< External interrupt line 0 */
#define EXTI_Line1 ((uint32_t)0x00002) /*!< External interrupt line 1 */
#define EXTI_Line2 ((uint32_t)0x00004) /*!< External interrupt line 2 */
#define EXTI_Line3 ((uint32_t)0x00008) /*!< External interrupt line 3 */
#define EXTI_Line4 ((uint32_t)0x00010) /*!< External interrupt line 4 */
#define EXTI_Line5 ((uint32_t)0x00020) /*!< External interrupt line 5 */
#define EXTI_Line6 ((uint32_t)0x00040) /*!< External interrupt line 6 */
#define EXTI_Line7 ((uint32_t)0x00080) /*!< External interrupt line 7 */
#define EXTI_Line8 ((uint32_t)0x00100) /*!< External interrupt line 8 */
#define EXTI_Line9 ((uint32_t)0x00200) /*!< External interrupt line 9 */
#define EXTI_Line10 ((uint32_t)0x00400) /*!< External interrupt line 10 */
#define EXTI_Line11 ((uint32_t)0x00800) /*!< External interrupt line 11 */
#define EXTI_Line12 ((uint32_t)0x01000) /*!< External interrupt line 12 */
#define EXTI_Line13 ((uint32_t)0x02000) /*!< External interrupt line 13 */
#define EXTI_Line14 ((uint32_t)0x04000) /*!< External interrupt line 14 */
#define EXTI_Line15 ((uint32_t)0x08000) /*!< External interrupt line 15 */
#define EXTI_Line16 ((uint32_t)0x10000) /*!< External interrupt line 16 Connected to the PVD Output */
#define EXTI_Line17 ((uint32_t)0x20000) /*!< External interrupt line 17 Connected to the RTC Alarm event */
#define EXTI_Line18 ((uint32_t)0x40000) /*!< External interrupt line 18 Connected to the USB Device/USB OTG FS
Wakeup from suspend event */
#define EXTI_Line19 ((uint32_t)0x80000) /*!< External interrupt line 19 Connected to the Ethernet Wakeup event */
typedef enum
{
EXTI_Mode_Interrupt = 0x00,//中断模式
EXTI_Mode_Event = 0x04//事件模式
}EXTIMode_TypeDef;
typedef enum
{
EXTI_Trigger_Rising = 0x08,//上升沿触发
EXTI_Trigger_Falling = 0x0C, //下降沿沿触发
EXTI_Trigger_Rising_Falling = 0x10//上升沿和下降沿触发
}EXTITrigger_TypeDef;
- 配置NVIC
NVIC库函数在misc.h中
// 设置NVIC中断优先级分组
// NVIC_PriorityGroup: 指定中断优先级分组，决定了抢占优先级和子优先级的位数
void NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(uint32_t NVIC_PriorityGroup);
// 初始化NVIC中断
// NVIC_InitStruct: 指向NVIC_InitTypeDef结构体的指针，包含NVIC中断的配置信息
void NVIC_Init(NVIC_InitTypeDef* NVIC_InitStruct);
// 设置中断向量表
// NVIC_VectTab: 指定中断向量表的位置（如RAM或FLASH）
// Offset: 中断向量表的偏移量（如果NVIC_VectTab指定为RAM，此参数有效）
void NVIC_SetVectorTable(uint32_t NVIC_VectTab, uint32_t Offset);
// 系统低功耗配置
// LowPowerMode: 指定低功耗模式（如睡眠、停止、待机等）
// NewState: 启用或禁用低功耗模式（ENABLE或DISABLE）
void NVIC_SystemLPConfig(uint8_t LowPowerMode, FunctionalState NewState);
// 配置SysTick时钟源
// SysTick_CLKSource: 指定SysTick定时器的时钟源（如AHB、HCLK等）
void SysTick_CLKSourceConfig(uint32_t SysTick_CLKSource);
/**
* @brief Configures the priority grouping: pre-emption priority and subpriority.
* @param NVIC_PriorityGroup: specifies the priority grouping bits length.
* This parameter can be one of the following values:
* @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_0: 0 bits for pre-emption priority
* 4 bits for subpriority
* @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_1: 1 bits for pre-emption priority
* 3 bits for subpriority
* @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_2: 2 bits for pre-emption priority
* 2 bits for subpriority
* @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_3: 3 bits for pre-emption priority
* 1 bits for subpriority
* @arg NVIC_PriorityGroup_4: 4 bits for pre-emption priority
* 0 bits for subpriority
* @retval None
*/
NVIC分组
/*NVIC中断分组*/
NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //配置NVIC为分组2
//即抢占优先级范围：0~3，响应优先级范围：0~3
//此分组配置在整个工程中仅需调用一次
//若有多个中断，可以把此代码放在main函数内，while循环之前
//若调用多次配置分组的代码，则后执行的配置会覆盖先执行的配置
/*NVIC配置*/
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure; //定义结构体变量
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = EXTI15_10_IRQn; //选择配置NVIC的EXTI15_10线
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE; //指定NVIC线路使能
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的抢占优先级为1
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 1; //指定NVIC线路的响应优先级为1
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure); //将结构体变量交给NVIC_Init，配置NVIC外设
NonMaskableInt_IRQn = -14, /*!< 2 Non Maskable Interrupt */
MemoryManagement_IRQn = -12, /*!< 4 Cortex-M3 Memory Management Interrupt */
BusFault_IRQn = -11, /*!< 5 Cortex-M3 Bus Fault Interrupt */
UsageFault_IRQn = -10, /*!< 6 Cortex-M3 Usage Fault Interrupt */
SVCall_IRQn = -5, /*!< 11 Cortex-M3 SV Call Interrupt */
DebugMonitor_IRQn = -4, /*!< 12 Cortex-M3 Debug Monitor Interrupt */
PendSV_IRQn = -2, /*!< 14 Cortex-M3 Pend SV Interrupt */
SysTick_IRQn = -1, /*!< 15 Cortex-M3 System Tick Interrupt */
/****** STM32 specific Interrupt Numbers *********************************************************/
WWDG_IRQn = 0, /*!< Window WatchDog Interrupt */
PVD_IRQn = 1, /*!< PVD through EXTI Line detection Interrupt */
TAMPER_IRQn = 2, /*!< Tamper Interrupt */
RTC_IRQn = 3, /*!< RTC global Interrupt */
FLASH_IRQn = 4, /*!< FLASH global Interrupt */
RCC_IRQn = 5, /*!< RCC global Interrupt */
EXTI0_IRQn = 6, /*!< EXTI Line0 Interrupt */
EXTI1_IRQn = 7, /*!< EXTI Line1 Interrupt */
EXTI2_IRQn = 8, /*!< EXTI Line2 Interrupt */
EXTI3_IRQn = 9, /*!< EXTI Line3 Interrupt */
EXTI4_IRQn = 10, /*!< EXTI Line4 Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel1_IRQn = 11, /*!< DMA1 Channel 1 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel2_IRQn = 12, /*!< DMA1 Channel 2 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel3_IRQn = 13, /*!< DMA1 Channel 3 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel4_IRQn = 14, /*!< DMA1 Channel 4 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel5_IRQn = 15, /*!< DMA1 Channel 5 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel6_IRQn = 16, /*!< DMA1 Channel 6 global Interrupt */
DMA1_Channel7_IRQn = 17, /*!< DMA1 Channel 7 global Interrupt */
ADC1_2_IRQn = 18, /*!< ADC1 and ADC2 global Interrupt */
USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn = 19, /*!< USB Device High Priority or CAN1 TX Interrupts */
USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn = 20, /*!< USB Device Low Priority or CAN1 RX0 Interrupts */
CAN1_RX1_IRQn = 21, /*!< CAN1 RX1 Interrupt */
CAN1_SCE_IRQn = 22, /*!< CAN1 SCE Interrupt */
EXTI9_5_IRQn = 23, /*!< External Line[9:5] Interrupts */
TIM1_BRK_IRQn = 24, /*!< TIM1 Break Interrupt */
TIM1_UP_IRQn = 25, /*!< TIM1 Update Interrupt */
TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQn = 26, /*!< TIM1 Trigger and Commutation Interrupt */
TIM1_CC_IRQn = 27, /*!< TIM1 Capture Compare Interrupt */
TIM2_IRQn = 28, /*!< TIM2 global Interrupt */
TIM3_IRQn = 29, /*!< TIM3 global Interrupt */
TIM4_IRQn = 30, /*!< TIM4 global Interrupt */
I2C1_EV_IRQn = 31, /*!< I2C1 Event Interrupt */
I2C1_ER_IRQn = 32, /*!< I2C1 Error Interrupt */
I2C2_EV_IRQn = 33, /*!< I2C2 Event Interrupt */
I2C2_ER_IRQn = 34, /*!< I2C2 Error Interrupt */
SPI1_IRQn = 35, /*!< SPI1 global Interrupt */
SPI2_IRQn = 36, /*!< SPI2 global Interrupt */
USART1_IRQn = 37, /*!< USART1 global Interrupt */
USART2_IRQn = 38, /*!< USART2 global Interrupt */
USART3_IRQn = 39, /*!< USART3 global Interrupt */
EXTI15_10_IRQn = 40, /*!< External Line[15:10] Interrupts */
RTCAlarm_IRQn = 41, /*!< RTC Alarm through EXTI Line Interrupt */
USBWakeUp_IRQn = 42 /*!< USB Device WakeUp from suspend through EXTI Line Interrupt */
- 重写中断函数，函数名在startup_stm32f10x_md.s文件中查找
__Vectors DCD __initial_sp ; Top of Stack
DCD Reset_Handler ; Reset Handler
DCD NMI_Handler ; NMI Handler
DCD HardFault_Handler ; Hard Fault Handler
DCD MemManage_Handler ; MPU Fault Handler
DCD BusFault_Handler ; Bus Fault Handler
DCD UsageFault_Handler ; Usage Fault Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD SVC_Handler ; SVCall Handler
DCD DebugMon_Handler ; Debug Monitor Handler
DCD 0 ; Reserved
DCD PendSV_Handler ; PendSV Handler
DCD SysTick_Handler ; SysTick Handler
; External Interrupts
DCD WWDG_IRQHandler ; Window Watchdog
DCD PVD_IRQHandler ; PVD through EXTI Line detect
DCD TAMPER_IRQHandler ; Tamper
DCD RTC_IRQHandler ; RTC
DCD FLASH_IRQHandler ; Flash
DCD RCC_IRQHandler ; RCC
DCD EXTI0_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 0
DCD EXTI1_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 1
DCD EXTI2_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 2
DCD EXTI3_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 3
DCD EXTI4_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 4
DCD DMA1_Channel1_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 1
DCD DMA1_Channel2_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 2
DCD DMA1_Channel3_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 3
DCD DMA1_Channel4_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 4
DCD DMA1_Channel5_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 5
DCD DMA1_Channel6_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 6
DCD DMA1_Channel7_IRQHandler ; DMA1 Channel 7
DCD ADC1_2_IRQHandler ; ADC1_2
DCD USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQHandler ; USB High Priority or CAN1 TX
DCD USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler ; USB Low Priority or CAN1 RX0
DCD CAN1_RX1_IRQHandler ; CAN1 RX1
DCD CAN1_SCE_IRQHandler ; CAN1 SCE
DCD EXTI9_5_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 9..5
DCD TIM1_BRK_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Break
DCD TIM1_UP_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Update
DCD TIM1_TRG_COM_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Trigger and Commutation
DCD TIM1_CC_IRQHandler ; TIM1 Capture Compare
DCD TIM2_IRQHandler ; TIM2
DCD TIM3_IRQHandler ; TIM3
DCD TIM4_IRQHandler ; TIM4
DCD I2C1_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Event
DCD I2C1_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C1 Error
DCD I2C2_EV_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Event
DCD I2C2_ER_IRQHandler ; I2C2 Error
DCD SPI1_IRQHandler ; SPI1
DCD SPI2_IRQHandler ; SPI2
DCD USART1_IRQHandler ; USART1
DCD USART2_IRQHandler ; USART2
DCD USART3_IRQHandler ; USART3
DCD EXTI15_10_IRQHandler ; EXTI Line 15..10
DCD RTCAlarm_IRQHandler ; RTC Alarm through EXTI Line
DCD USBWakeUp_IRQHandler ; USB Wakeup from suspend
__Vectors_End
/**
* 函 数：EXTI15_10外部中断函数
* 参 数：无
* 返 回 值：无
* 注意事项：此函数为中断函数，无需调用，中断触发后自动执行
* 函数名为预留的指定名称，可以从启动文件复制
* 请确保函数名正确，不能有任何差异，否则中断函数将不能进入
*/
void EXTI15_10_IRQHandler(void)
{
if (EXTI_GetITStatus(EXTI_Line14) == SET) //判断是否是外部中断14号线触发的中断
{
/*如果出现数据乱跳的现象，可再次判断引脚电平，以避免抖动*/
if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_14) == 0)
{
CountSensor_Count ++; //计数值自增一次
}
EXTI_ClearITPendingBit(EXTI_Line14); //清除外部中断14号线的中断标志位
//中断标志位必须清除
//否则中断将连续不断地触发，导致主程序卡死
}
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