#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex()
{
real=0;
imag=0;
}
Complex(double r,double i)
{
real=r;
imag=i;
}
Complex operator + (Complex &c2);//声明重载运算符“+”的函数
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(real+c2.real,imag+c2.imag);
}
void Complex::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
int main()
{
Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1 = ";
c1.display();
cout<<"c2 = ";
c2.display();
cout<<"c3 = ";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
运算符重载作为类成员函数:
- Complex operator + (Complex &c2);
- 解析为:
- c1.operator + (c2); //其中c1,和c2是complex类的对象
注意:
- 左边的c1必须是类对象,才能解析为c1.operator + (c2);
- 运算符重载作为类成员函数可以只写c2,
- 比如:Complex operator + (Complex &c2);,c1自动补上
- 如果将运算符重载作为成员函数,他可以通过this指针自由地方访问本类的数据成员,因此可以少写一个函数的参数。
- 但必须要求运算表达式(c1+c2)中第一参数是一类对象,而且与运算符函数的类型相同,
- 因为必须通过类的对象去调用该类的成员函数,而且与只有运算符重载函数返回值与该对象同类型,运算才有意义
友员运算符重载函数:
- 函数的形参列表中必须有两个参数不能省掉;
- c1+c2解释为:operator + (c1,c2)
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
public:
Complex()
{
real=0;
imag=0;
}
Complex(double r,double i)
{
real=r;
imag=i;
}
friend Complex operator + (Complex &c1,Complex &c2);//声明重载运算符“+”的函数
void display();
private:
double real;
double imag;
};
Complex operator+(Complex&c1,Complex &c2)
{
return Complex(c1.real+c2.real,c1.imag+c2.imag);
}
void Complex::display()
{
cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;
}
int main()
{
Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;
c3=c1+c2;
cout<<"c1 = ";
c1.display();
cout<<"c2 = ";
c2.display();
cout<<"c3 = ";
c3.display();
return 0;
}
总结:
- 重载不能改变运算符对象的个数
- 重载不能改变运算符的优先级别
- 重载不能改变运算符的结合性
- 重载运算符的函数不能有默认的参数