Pytorch 学习 - 2.pytorch 张量操作

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-03 15:37:04 发布

chenchihwen

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-03 15:37:04 发布

阅读量545

点赞数 29

文章标签： pytorch 学习人工智能

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/chenchihwen/article/details/142593915

版权

2.1 拼接与切分 cat & stack

cat 不会扩展维度 stack 会增加维度 2维 --> 3维

import torch
t = torch.eye(2,3)
t0 = torch.cat([t,t],dim=0) #在 第一轴上拼接 y 轴
t1 = torch.cat([t,t],dim=1) #在 第二轴上拼接 x 轴
print('output','\n', 't :', t)
print('\n', 't0 :', t0)
print('\n', 't1 :', t1)

output
t : tensor([[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]])

t0 : tensor([[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.],
[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]])

t1 : tensor([[1., 0., 0., 1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0., 0., 1., 0.]])

import torch
t = torch.eye(2,3)
t0 = torch.cat([t,t],dim=0) #在 第一轴上拼接 y 轴
ts0 = torch.stack([t,t],dim=0)
ts1 = torch.stack([t,t],dim=1)
 #在 第二轴上拼接 x 轴
print('output','\n', 't :', t,t.shape)
print('\n', 't0 :', t0,t0.shape)
print('\n', 'ts0 :', ts0, ts0.shape)
print('\n', 'ts1 :', ts1, ts1.shape)

output
t : tensor([[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]]) torch.Size([2, 3])

t0 : tensor([[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.],
[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]]) torch.Size([4, 3])

ts0 : tensor([[[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]],

[[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]]]) torch.Size([2, 2, 3])

ts1 : tensor([[[1., 0., 0.],
[1., 0., 0.]],

[[0., 1., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]]]) torch.Size([2, 2, 3])

2.2 拆分 chuck & split

chunk 相当于除几份，split 2 by dim =1 相当于每两行切一段

import torch
t = torch.eye(2,3)
t0 = torch.chunk(t,2,dim=0) #在 第一轴上切 y 轴
t1 = torch.chunk(t,3,dim=1) #在 第2轴上切 
print('output','\n', 't :', t,t.shape)
print('\n', 't0 :', t0)
print('\n', 't1 :', t1)

output
t : tensor([[1., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0.]]) torch.Size([2, 3])

t0 : (tensor([[1., 0., 0.]]), tensor([[0., 1., 0.]]))

t1 : (tensor([[1.], [0.]]), tensor([[0.], [1.]]), tensor([[0.], [0.]]))

不能整除的case

import torch
t = torch.eye(3,5)
t0 = torch.chunk(t,2,dim=0) #在 第一轴上切 y 轴
t1 = torch.chunk(t,2,dim=1) #在 第2轴上切 
print('output','\n', 't :', t,t.shape)
print('\n', 't0 :', t0)
print('\n', 't1 :', t1)

output
t : tensor([[1., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0., 0., 0.],
[0., 0., 1., 0., 0.]]) torch.Size([3, 5])

t0 : (tensor([[1., 0., 0., 0., 0.],
[0., 1., 0., 0., 0.]]), tensor([[0., 0., 1., 0., 0.]]))

t1 : (tensor([[1., 0., 0.], [0., 1., 0.], [0., 0., 1.]]), tensor([[0., 0.], [0., 0.], [0., 0.]]))

是 3x3 +3x2 的张量

import torch
t = torch.ones(3,5)
l = torch.split(t,2)
print('output t :', t, '\n','list',l)

output t : tensor([[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]])
list (tensor([[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]]), tensor([[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]]))

import torch
t = torch.ones(3,5)
l = torch.split(t,2,dim = 1)
print('output t :', t, '\n','list',l)

output t : tensor([[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.],
[1., 1., 1., 1., 1.]])
list (tensor([[1., 1.],
[1., 1.],
[1., 1.]]), tensor([[1., 1.],
[1., 1.],
[1., 1.]]), tensor([[1.],
[1.],
[1.]]))

2.3 张量索引使用 index_select / Mask

import torch
out_t =torch.tensor([1])
print('output ', '\n out_t :', out_t, '\n',)

t0 = torch.randint(1,100,size=(3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, '\n')
idx = torch.tensor([0,2],dtype=torch.long) # float
print('index :', idx, '\n')
t1 = torch.index_select(t0,dim=0,index=idx,out=out_t)
print('t1 :', t1, '\n')
print('out_t :', out_t, '\n')

output
out_t : tensor([1])

初始化tensor

t0 : tensor([[23, 74, 97, 46],
[10, 29, 95, 38],
[23, 39, 55, 52]])

index : tensor([0, 2])

只取 0,2 row

t1 : tensor([[23, 74, 97, 46],
[23, 39, 55, 52]])

out_t 被重新赋值，有 warning shape [1],-->[2, 4]

out_t : tensor([[23, 74, 97, 46],
[23, 39, 55, 52]])

UserWarning: An output with one or more elements was resized since it had shape [1], which does not match the required output shape [2, 4]. This behavior is deprecated, and in a future PyTorch release outputs will not be resized unless they have zero elements. You can explicitly reuse an out tensor t by resizing it, inplace, to zero elements with t.resize_(0).
修正代码如下，就不会报警了

import torch 
out_t =torch.tensor([1])
print('output ', '\n out_t :', out_t, '\n',)

t0 = torch.randint(1,100,size=(3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, '\n')
idx = torch.tensor([0,2],dtype=torch.long) # float
print('index :', idx, '\n')
out_t.resize_(0) ## 《 resize_ 
t1 = torch.index_select(t0,dim=0,index=idx,out=out_t)
print('t1 :', t1, '\n')
print('out_t :', out_t, '\n')

masked_select(input, mask, *, out=None) -> Tensor

输出1 维的数

Returns a new 1-D tensor which indexes the input tensor according to the boolean mask mask which is a BoolTensor.

The shapes of the mask tensor and the input tensor don't need to match, but they must be broadcastable: broadcasting-semantics.

🛈 Note: The returned tensor does not use the same storage as the original tensor

Args: input (Tensor): the input tensor. mask (BoolTensor): the tensor containing the binary mask to index with

Keyword args: out (Tensor, optional): the output tensor.

import torch 
out_t =torch.tensor([1])
print('output ', '\n out_t :', out_t, '\n',)

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, '\n')
mask = t0.ge(5) #  >= 5 的获得 true
print('mask :', mask, '\n')
out_t.resize_(0)
t1 = torch.masked_select(t0,mask,out=out_t)
print('t1 :', t1, '\n')
print('out_t :', out_t, '\n')

output
out_t : tensor([1])

t0 : tensor([[9, 7, 8, 7],
[4, 5, 5, 1],
[9, 1, 9, 4]])

mask : tensor([[ True, True, True, True],
[False, True, True, False],
[ True, False, True, False]])

t1 : tensor([9, 7, 8, 7, 5, 5, 9, 9])

out_t : tensor([9, 7, 8, 7, 5, 5, 9, 9])

2.4 张量变换

reshapre：拉平了再铺

import torch 

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, '\n')
t1 = torch.reshape(t0,(4,3))
print('t1 :', t1, '\n')

t0 : tensor([[6, 7, 5, 3],
[4, 3, 2, 5],
[5, 2, 3, 4]])

t1 : tensor([[6, 7, 5],
[3, 4, 3],
[2, 5, 5],
[2, 3, 4]])

transpose(): 行列交换,需要定义 dim

import torch 

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, '\n')
t1 = torch.transpose(t0,dim0=1,dim1=0)
print('t1 :', t1, '\n')

t0 : tensor([[8, 8, 5, 5],
[2, 6, 3, 5],
[1, 6, 7, 5]])

t1 : tensor([[8, 2, 1],
[8, 6, 6],
[5, 3, 7],
[5, 5, 5]])

多维度情况

import torch 

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(2,3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, t0.shape,'\n')
t1 = torch.transpose(t0,dim0=1,dim1=0)
print('t1 :', t1, t1.shape ,'\n')

t0 : tensor([[[1, 1, 3, 4],
[4, 7, 4, 7],
[4, 9, 2, 8]],

[[2, 5, 1, 7],
[1, 5, 5, 7],
[5, 2, 7, 5]]]) torch.Size([2, 3, 4])

t1 : tensor([[[1, 1, 3, 4],
[2, 5, 1, 7]],

[[4, 7, 4, 7],
[1, 5, 5, 7]],

[[4, 9, 2, 8],
[5, 2, 7, 5]]]) torch.Size([3, 2, 4])

torch.t = transpose

import torch 

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(3,4))
print('t0 :', t0, '\n')
t1 = torch.t(t0)
print('t1 :', t1, '\n')

t0 : tensor([[9, 3, 6, 1],
[3, 3, 5, 3],
[2, 1, 2, 4]])

t1 : tensor([[9, 3, 2],
[3, 3, 1],
[6, 5, 2],
[1, 3, 4]])

squeeze 压缩

只压缩长度 = 1 的张量，可指定维度压缩

压缩 dimension = 2

import torch 
t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(1,3,1))
print('t0 :', t0, t0.shape,'\n')
t1 = torch.squeeze(t0,dim=2)
print('t1 :', t1, t1.shape ,'\n')

t0 : tensor([[[5],
[9],
[5]]]) torch.Size([1, 3, 1])

t1 : tensor([[5, 9, 5]]) torch.Size([1, 3])

dimension = 0 , output 如下

t0 : tensor([[[2], [6], [7]]]) torch.Size([1, 3, 1]) t1 : tensor([[2], [6], [7]]) torch.Size([3, 1])

import torch 

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(1,3,1))
print('t0 :', t0, t0.shape,'\n')
t1 = torch.squeeze(t0)
print('t1 :', t1, t1.shape ,'\n')

如果 dim 不指定，压缩全部 len = 1 的维度

t0 : tensor([[[9],
[9],
[9]]]) torch.Size([1, 3, 1])

t1 : tensor([9, 9, 9]) torch.Size([3])

unsqueeze 扩展

import torch 

t0 = torch.randint(1,10,size=(1,3,1))
print('t0 :', t0, t0.shape,'\n')
t1 = torch.squeeze(t0)
print('t1 :', t1, t1.shape ,'\n')
t2 = torch.unsqueeze(t1,dim=0)
print('t2 :', t2, t2.shape ,'\n')
t2 = torch.unsqueeze(t1,dim=1)
print('t2 :', t2, t2.shape ,'\n')
t2 = torch.unsqueeze(t2,dim=0)
print('t2 :', t2, t2.shape ,'\n')

t0 : tensor([[[2],
[9],
[3]]]) torch.Size([1, 3, 1])

t1 : tensor([2, 9, 3]) torch.Size([3])

t2 : tensor([[2, 9, 3]]) torch.Size([1, 3])

t2 : tensor([[2],
[9],
[3]]) torch.Size([3, 1])

t2 : tensor([[[2],
[9],
[3]]]) torch.Size([1, 3, 1])