Hibernate二级缓存

一 为什么需要二级缓存

因为一级缓存有限(生命周期短),所以我们需要二级缓存(SessionFactory缓存)来弥补这个问题。

二 二级缓存说明

1 需要配置

2 二级缓存是交给第三方去处理,常见的Hashtable,OSCache,EHCache

3 二级缓存的原理

4 二级缓存的对象可能放在内存，也可能放在磁盘

三 使用OsCache来演示二级缓存的使用

引入E:\hibernate-distribution-3.3.1.GA-dist\hibernate-distribution-3.3.1.GA\lib\optional\oscache中的包oscache-2.1.jar

1 步骤-配置hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
          "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
          "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd";>
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
        <property name="dialect">
                org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
        </property>
        <property name="connection.url">
                jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/users
        </property>
        <property name="connection.username">root</property>
        <property name="connection.password">root</property>
        <property name="connection.driver_class">
                org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver
        </property>
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 配置让hibernate自动创建关系模型(表) -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- 启动二级缓存 -->
        <property name="cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property>
        <!-- 指定使用哪种二级缓存 -->
        <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.OSCacheProvider</property>
            <property name="hibernate.generate_statistics">true</property>
        <mapping resource="com/hsp/domain/Student.hbm.xml" />
        <mapping resource="com/hsp/domain/Department.hbm.xml" />
        <!-- 指定哪个domain启用二级缓存 特别说明二级缓存策略:
                1. read-only
                2. read-write
                3. nonstrict-read-write
                4. transcational -->
        <class-cache class="com.hsp.domain.Student" usage="read-write"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

2 步骤-拷贝一个oscache.propertis配置文件,可以使用参考文档，这里我们可以对各个属性值作一个说明

该文件来源：E:\hibernate-distribution-3.3.1.GA-dist\hibernate-distribution-3.3.1.GA\project\etc

拷贝到src目录下

3 步骤-在*.hbm.xml文件中加入使用二级缓存的策略

<cache usage="read-write"/>

也可以直接在hibernate.cfg.xml配置:

<class-cache class="cn.hsp.domain.Users" usage="read-only" />

hibernate二级缓存策略

■ 只读缓存(read-only)

■ 读写缓存(read-write) [ 银行，财务软件]

■ 不严格读写缓存(nonstrict-read-write)  [bbs 被浏览多少次]

■ 事务缓存(transactional)

4 步骤-增加测试代码

public static void main(String[] args) {
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                //通过获取一个sesion,让hibernate框架运行(config->加载hibernate.cfg.xml)
                Session s=null;
                Transaction tx=null;
                try {
                        //我们使用基础模板来讲解.
                        s=HibernateUtil.openSession();
                        tx=s.beginTransaction();
                        Student stu1=(Student) s.get(Student.class, 1);//1->一级缓存                
                                tx.commit();  
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        if(tx!=null){
                                tx.rollback();
                        }
                }finally{
                        
                        if(s!=null && s.isOpen()){
                                s.close();
                        }
                }
                System.out.println("*********************************");
                try {
                        //我们使用基础模板来讲解.
                        s=HibernateUtil.openSession();
                        tx=s.beginTransaction();
                        Student stu1=(Student) s.get(Student.class, 1);                
                                tx.commit();
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        if(tx!=null){
                                tx.rollback();
                        }
                }finally{
                        
                        if(s!=null && s.isOpen()){
                                s.close();
                        }
                }    
        }

5 步骤-二级缓存的测试结果

Hibernate: select student0_.id as id0_0_, student0_.name as name0_0_, student0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from Student student0_ where student0_.id=?

*********************************

6 二级缓存统计命中率

public static void main(String[] args) {
                
                // TODO Auto-generated method stub
                //通过获取一个sesion,让hibernate框架运行(config->加载hibernate.cfg.xml)
                Session s=null;
                Transaction tx=null;
                
                try {
                        //我们使用基础模板来讲解.
                        s=HibernateUtil.openSession();
                        tx=s.beginTransaction();
                        
                        //查询45号学生
                
                        Student stu1=(Student) s.get(Student.class, 1);//1->一级缓存                
                                tx.commit();
                        
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        if(tx!=null){
                                tx.rollback();
                        }
                }finally{
                        
                        if(s!=null && s.isOpen()){
                                s.close();
                        }
                }
                
                System.out.println("*********************************");
                try {
                        //我们使用基础模板来讲解.
                        s=HibernateUtil.openSession();
                        tx=s.beginTransaction();
                        
                        //查询45号学生
                
                        Student stu1=(Student) s.get(Student.class, 1);                
                                tx.commit();
                        
                } catch (Exception e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                        if(tx!=null){
                                tx.rollback();
                        }
                }finally{
                        
                        if(s!=null && s.isOpen()){
                                s.close();
                        }
                }
                
                //完成一个统计，统计信息在SessionFactory中
                //SessionFactory
                Statistics statistics=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getStatistics();
                System.out.println(statistics);
                System.out.println(statistics.getSecondLevelCachePutCount());
                System.out.println(statistics.getSecondLevelCacheHitCount());
                System.out.println(statistics.getSecondLevelCacheMissCount());
        }

7. 测试结果

Hibernate: select student0_.id as id0_0_, student0_.name as name0_0_, student0_.dept_id as dept3_0_0_ from Student student0_ where student0_.id=?

*********************************

Statistics[start time=1508422796015,sessions opened=2,sessions closed=2,transactions=2,successful transactions=2,optimistic lock failures=0,flushes=2,connections obtained=2,statements prepared=1,statements closed=1,second level cache puts=1,second level cache hits=1,second level cache misses=1,entities loaded=1,entities updated=0,entities inserted=0,entities deleted=0,entities fetched=0,collections loaded=0,collections updated=0,collections removed=0,collections recreated=0,collections fetched=0,queries executed to database=0,query cache puts=0,query cache hits=0,query cache misses=0,max query time=0]

1

1

1