spring通过构造注入

一 通过构造函数注入

set注入的缺点是无法清晰表达哪些属性是必须的，哪些是可选的，构造注入的优势是通过构造强制依赖关系，不可能实例化不完全的或无法使用的bean。

二 举例

1 Employee

package com.hsp.constructor;
public class Employee {
        private String name;
        private int age;
        public Employee(String name) {
                
                System.out.println("Employee(String name) 函数被调用..");
                this.name = name;
                this.age = age;
        }        
        
        
        public Employee(String name, int age) {
                
                System.out.println("Employee(String name, int age) 函数被调用..");
                this.name = name;
                this.age = age;
        }
        
        public String getName() {
                return name;
        }
        public void setName(String name) {
                this.name = name;
        }
        public int getAge() {
                return age;
        }
        public void setAge(int age) {
                this.age = age;
        }
}

2 beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans";
                xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance";
                xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context";
                xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx";
                xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd";>
<!-- 配置一个雇员对象 -->
<bean id="employee" class="com.hsp.constructor.Employee">
<!-- 通过构造函数来注入属性值 -->     
<constructor-arg index="0" type="java.lang.String" value="大明" />
</bean>
</beans>

3 App1

package com.hsp.constructor;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class App1 {
    /**
     * @param args
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        ApplicationContext ac=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/hsp/constructor/beans.xml");
    
        Employee ee=(Employee) ac.getBean("employee");
        System.out.println(ee.getName());
    
    }
}

三 测试结果

Employee(String name) 函数被调用..

大明