一 创建全局异常处理类
package com.didispace.exception;
import com.didispace.dto.ErrorInfo;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
//通过使用@ControllerAdvice定义统一的异常处理类,而不是在每个Controller中逐个定义。
@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {
//@ExceptionHandler用来定义函数针对的异常类型
@ExceptionHandler(value = Exception.class)
public ModelAndView defaultErrorHandler(HttpServletRequest req, Exception e) throws Exception {
ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView();
mav.addObject("exception", e);
mav.addObject("url", req.getRequestURL());
//将Exception对象和请求URL映射到error.html中
mav.setViewName("error");
return mav;
}
//@ExceptionHandler用来定义函数针对的异常类型
@ExceptionHandler(value = MyException.class)
//在@ExceptionHandler之后加入@ResponseBody,就能让处理函数return的内容转换为JSON格式。
@ResponseBody
public ErrorInfo<String> jsonErrorHandler(HttpServletRequest req, MyException e) throws Exception {
//为MyException异常创建对应的处理
ErrorInfo<String> r = new ErrorInfo<>();
r.setMessage(e.getMessage());
r.setCode(ErrorInfo.ERROR);
r.setData("Some Data");
r.setUrl(req.getRequestURL().toString());
return r;
}
}
二 显示错误展示模板
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head lang="en">
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<title>统一异常处理</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Error Handler</h1>
<div th:text="${url}"></div>
<div th:text="${exception.message}"></div>
</body>
</html>
三 新增pom
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
四 新建控制器
package com.didispace.web;
import com.didispace.exception.MyException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
/*
在Controller中抛出Exception,当然我们可能会有多种不同的Exception。然后在@ControllerAdvice类中,根据抛出的具体Exception类型匹配@ExceptionHandler中配置的异常类型来匹配错误映射和处理。
*/
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello() throws Exception {
throw new Exception("发生错误");
}
//抛出MyException异常
@RequestMapping("/json")
public String json() throws MyException {
throw new MyException("发生错误2");
}
}
五 创建错误信息类
/*
创建统一的JSON返回对象
*/
package com.didispace.dto;
public class ErrorInfo<T> {
public static final Integer OK = 0;
public static final Integer ERROR = 100;
private Integer code; //消息类型
private String message; //消息内容
private String url; //请求的url
private T data; //请求返回的数据
public String getUrl() {
return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
this.url = url;
}
public static Integer getOK() {
return OK;
}
public static Integer getERROR() {
return ERROR;
}
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
}
public T getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(T data) {
this.data = data;
}
}
六 创建一个自定义异常
/*
用来实验捕获该异常,并返回json
*/
public class MyException extends Exception {
public MyException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
七 测试
1 测试Exception
浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/hello
2 测试MyException
浏览器输入:http://localhost:8080/json