Django为文章点赞

一 为文章点赞思维导图

二 修改数据模型类

class ArticlePost(models.Model):
    author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name="article")
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=500)
    column = models.ForeignKey(ArticleColumn, related_name="article_column")
    body = models.TextField()
    # 得到文章发布时的日期和时间
    created = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    updated = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
    # 为文章点赞
    users_like = models.ManyToManyField(User, related_name="articles_like", blank=True)


    class Meta:
        ordering = ("title",)
        # 对数据库中的这两个字段建立索引，会通过每篇文章的id和slug获取该文章对象
        # 这样建立索引后，能提高文章对象的速度
        index_together = (('id', 'slug'),)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

    # 对save方法进行重写，主要实现slugify操作
    def save(self, *args, **kargs):
        self.slug = slugify(self.title)
        super(ArticlePost, self).save(*args, **kargs)

    # 获取某篇文章对象的URL，并传递参数，由名字得到URL
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse("article:article_detail", args=[self.id, self.slug])
    # 匹配到url(r'^list-article-detail/(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', list_views.article_detail, name="list_article_detail"),
    def get_url_path(self):
        return reverse("article:list_article_detail", args=[self.id, self.slug])

数据迁移后数据库多了一张数据表

三 编写视图函数

@csrf_exempt
@require_POST
@login_required(login_url='/account/login/')
def like_article(request):
    # 得到前端模板以POST方式传过来的两个值
    article_id = request.POST.get("id")
    action = request.POST.get("action")
    if article_id and action:
        try:
            article = ArticlePost.objects.get(id=article_id)
            if action=="like":
                # 将article实例对象和user实例对象之间建立了关联，如果这一步成功了
                # 数据库表article_articlepost_users_like就能够看到article和user各自的id
                article.users_like.add(request.user)
                return HttpResponse("1")
            else:
                # 数据库表article_articlepost_users_like中删除对应article和user数据
                article.users_like.remove(request.user)
                return HttpResponse("2")
        except:
            return HttpResponse("no")

四 编写URL

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views, list_views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^article-column/$', views.article_column, name="article_column"),
    url(r'^rename-column/$', views.rename_article_column, name="rename_article_column"),
    url(r'^del-column/$', views.del_article_column, name="del_article_column"),
    url(r'^article-post/$', views.article_post, name="article_post"),
    url(r'^article-list/$', views.article_list, name="article_list"),
    url(r'^article-detail/(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', views.article_detail, name="article_detail"),
    url(r'^del-article/$', views.del_article, name="del_article"),
    url(r'^redit-article/(?P<article_id>\d+)/$', views.redit_article, name="redit_article"),
    url(r'^list-article-titles/$', list_views.article_titles, name="article_titles"),
    # 视图函数虽然相同，但可以根据不同的视图文件来区分，但name应该不同
    url(r'^list-article-detail/(?P<id>\d+)/(?P<slug>[-\w]+)/$', list_views.article_detail, name="list_article_detail"),
    # 对应某个作者的全部文章
    url(r'^list-article-titles/(?P<username>[-\w]+)/$', list_views.article_titles, name="author_articles"),
    # 为文章点赞
    url(r'^like-article/$', list_views.like_article, name="like_article"),
]