TTY 字符设备几个重要的结构体

• 1. struct tty_operations

struct tty_operations {
	struct tty_struct * (*lookup)(struct tty_driver *driver,
			struct inode *inode, int idx);
	int  (*install)(struct tty_driver *driver, struct tty_struct *tty);
	void (*remove)(struct tty_driver *driver, struct tty_struct *tty);
	int  (*open)(struct tty_struct * tty, struct file * filp);
	void (*close)(struct tty_struct * tty, struct file * filp);
	void (*shutdown)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	void (*cleanup)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	int  (*write)(struct tty_struct * tty,
		      const unsigned char *buf, int count);
	int  (*put_char)(struct tty_struct *tty, unsigned char ch);
	void (*flush_chars)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	int  (*write_room)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	int  (*chars_in_buffer)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	int  (*ioctl)(struct tty_struct *tty,
		    unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
	long (*compat_ioctl)(struct tty_struct *tty,
			     unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
	void (*set_termios)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct ktermios * old);
	void (*throttle)(struct tty_struct * tty);
	void (*unthrottle)(struct tty_struct * tty);
	void (*stop)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	void (*start)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	void (*hangup)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	int (*break_ctl)(struct tty_struct *tty, int state);
	void (*flush_buffer)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	void (*set_ldisc)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	void (*wait_until_sent)(struct tty_struct *tty, int timeout);
	void (*send_xchar)(struct tty_struct *tty, char ch);
	int (*tiocmget)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	int (*tiocmset)(struct tty_struct *tty,
			unsigned int set, unsigned int clear);
	int (*resize)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct winsize *ws);
	int (*set_termiox)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct termiox *tnew);
	int (*get_icount)(struct tty_struct *tty,
				struct serial_icounter_struct *icount);
#ifdef CONFIG_CONSOLE_POLL
	int (*poll_init)(struct tty_driver *driver, int line, char *options);
	int (*poll_get_char)(struct tty_driver *driver, int line);
	void (*poll_put_char)(struct tty_driver *driver, int line, char ch);
#endif
	const struct file_operations *proc_fops;
};

• 2. struct tty_driver

struct tty_driver {
	int	magic;		/* magic number for this structure */
	struct kref kref;	/* Reference management */
	struct cdev *cdevs;
	struct module	*owner;
	const char	*driver_name; //驱动名称
	const char	*name; //设备名称
	int	name_base;	/* offset of printed name */
	int	major;		/* major device number */
	int	minor_start;	/* start of minor device number */
	unsigned int	num;	/* number of devices allocated */
	short	type;		/* type of tty driver */ //串口类型，包括控制台、普通串口、PTY...
	short	subtype;	/* subtype of tty driver */
	struct ktermios init_termios; /* Initial termios */
	unsigned long	flags;		/* tty driver flags */
	struct proc_dir_entry *proc_entry; /* /proc fs entry */
	struct tty_driver *other; /* only used for the PTY driver */

	/*
	 * Pointer to the tty data structures
	 */
	struct tty_struct **ttys; //分配lines个数tty
	struct tty_port **ports; //分配lines个数ports
	struct ktermios **termios;//分配lines个数termios
	void *driver_state;

	/*
	 * Driver methods
	 */

	const struct tty_operations *ops;
	struct list_head tty_drivers;
};

• 3. struct tty_struct

struct tty_struct {
	int	magic;
	struct kref kref;
	struct device *dev;
	struct tty_driver *driver;
	const struct tty_operations *ops;
	int index;

	/* Protects ldisc changes: Lock tty not pty */
	struct mutex ldisc_mutex;
	struct tty_ldisc *ldisc;

	struct mutex atomic_write_lock;
	struct mutex legacy_mutex;
	struct mutex termios_mutex;
	spinlock_t ctrl_lock;
	/* Termios values are protected by the termios mutex */
	struct ktermios termios, termios_locked;
	struct termiox *termiox;	/* May be NULL for unsupported */
	char name[64];
	struct pid *pgrp;		/* Protected by ctrl lock */
	struct pid *session;
	unsigned long flags;
	int count;
	struct winsize winsize;		/* termios mutex */
	unsigned char stopped:1, hw_stopped:1, flow_stopped:1, packet:1;
	unsigned char ctrl_status;	/* ctrl_lock */
	unsigned int receive_room;	/* Bytes free for queue */
	int flow_change;

	struct tty_struct *link;
	struct fasync_struct *fasync;
	int alt_speed;		/* For magic substitution of 38400 bps */
	wait_queue_head_t write_wait;
	wait_queue_head_t read_wait;
	struct work_struct hangup_work;
	 //线路规程设备打开时，disc_data指向一个MUX多路复用器struct gsm_mux *gsm;
	void *disc_data;    //��·����豸��ʱ��disc_dataָ��struct gsm_mux *gsm;
	void *driver_data;
	struct list_head tty_files;

#define N_TTY_BUF_SIZE 4096

	unsigned char closing:1;
	unsigned short minimum_to_wake;
	unsigned char *write_buf;
	int write_cnt;
	/* If the tty has a pending do_SAK, queue it here - akpm */
	struct work_struct SAK_work;
	struct tty_port *port;
};

• 4. struct tty_port

struct tty_port {
	struct tty_bufhead	buf;		/* Locked internally */
	struct tty_struct	*tty;		/* Back pointer */
	struct tty_struct	*itty;		/* internal back ptr */
	const struct tty_port_operations *ops;	/* Port operations */
	spinlock_t		lock;		/* Lock protecting tty field */
	int			blocked_open;	/* Waiting to open */
	int			count;		/* Usage count */
	wait_queue_head_t	open_wait;	/* Open waiters */
	wait_queue_head_t	close_wait;	/* Close waiters */
	wait_queue_head_t	delta_msr_wait;	/* Modem status change */
	unsigned long		flags;		/* TTY flags ASY_*/
	unsigned long		iflags;		/* TTYP_ internal flags */
#define TTYP_FLUSHING			1  /* Flushing to ldisc in progress */
#define TTYP_FLUSHPENDING		2  /* Queued buffer flush pending */
	unsigned char		console:1,	/* port is a console */
				low_latency:1;	/* direct buffer flush */
	struct mutex		mutex;		/* Locking */
	struct mutex		buf_mutex;	/* Buffer alloc lock */
	unsigned char		*xmit_buf;	/* Optional buffer */
	unsigned int		close_delay;	/* Close port delay */
	unsigned int		closing_wait;	/* Delay for output */
	int			drain_delay;	/* Set to zero if no pure time
						   based drain is needed else
						   set to size of fifo */
	struct kref		kref;		/* Ref counter */
};

• 5. struct tty_ldisc_ops

struct tty_ldisc_ops {
	int	magic; //幻数，每种tty对应不同的幻数
	char	*name; //线路规程名称
	int	num; //线路规程编号
	int	flags;

	/*
	 * The following routines are called from above.
	 */
	int	(*open)(struct tty_struct *);
	void	(*close)(struct tty_struct *);
	void	(*flush_buffer)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	ssize_t	(*chars_in_buffer)(struct tty_struct *tty);
	ssize_t	(*read)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
			unsigned char __user *buf, size_t nr);
	ssize_t	(*write)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
			 const unsigned char *buf, size_t nr);
	int	(*ioctl)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
			 unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
	long	(*compat_ioctl)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct file *file,
				unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
	void	(*set_termios)(struct tty_struct *tty, struct ktermios *old);
	unsigned int (*poll)(struct tty_struct *, struct file *,
			     struct poll_table_struct *);
	int	(*hangup)(struct tty_struct *tty);

	/*
	 * The following routines are called from below.
	 */
	void	(*receive_buf)(struct tty_struct *, const unsigned char *cp,
			       char *fp, int count);
	void	(*write_wakeup)(struct tty_struct *);
	void	(*dcd_change)(struct tty_struct *, unsigned int);

	struct  module *owner;

	int refcount;
};

• 6. struct tty_ldisc

struct tty_ldisc {
	struct tty_ldisc_ops *ops;
	atomic_t users;
	wait_queue_head_t wq_idle;
};

• 7. struct tty_file_private

/* Each of a tty's open files has private_data pointing to tty_file_private */
struct tty_file_private {
	struct tty_struct *tty;
	struct file *file;
	struct list_head list;
};