unordered_map学习之迭代器操作begin,cbegin(C++11),end,cend(C++11)

本篇学习unordered_map的迭代器操作，具体的函数如下

begin cbegin (C++11)	返回指向起始的迭代器 (公开成员函数)
end cend (C++11)	返回指向末尾的迭代器 (公开成员函数)

#include <unordered_map>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

void iteratorOperator()
{
    unordered_map<int, std::string> map1 = {
       {4, "apple" },
       {2, "pear"   },
       {3, "peach"   },
       {1, "apricot"}
    };
    cout << "map1.size = " << map1.size() << " map1.empty = " << map1.empty() << " map1.max_size = " << map1.max_size() << endl;
    cout << "map1的值为：" << endl;
    for(auto &val: map1)
    {
        cout << val.first << ": " << val.second << endl;
    }

    //1.begin 返回指向起始的迭代器，可以通过迭代器修改它的值
    unordered_map<int, string>::iterator iter1 = map1.begin();
    cout << iter1->first << " => " << iter1->second << endl;
    iter1->second = "班尼特";
    cout << iter1->first << " => " << iter1->second << endl;

    //2.cbegin 返回指向起始的常量迭代器，不能通过迭代器修改值
    unordered_map<int, string>::const_iterator iter2 = map1.cbegin();
    cout << iter2->first << " => " << iter2->second << endl;
    //iter2->second = "grape";//不可以修改值

    //3.end 返回指向末尾的迭代器，即最后一元素的下一个位置，可以通过迭代器修改它的值
    unordered_map<int, string>::iterator iter3 = map1.end();
    --iter3;//指向最后一个元素
    cout << iter3->first << " => " << iter3->second << endl;
    iter3->second = "宾尼兔";
    cout << iter3->first << " => " << iter3->second << endl;

    //4.cend 返回指向末尾的迭代器，即最后一元素的下一个位置，不能通过迭代器修改它的值
    unordered_map<int, string>::const_iterator iter4 = map1.cend();
    --iter4;//指向最后一个元素
    cout << iter4->first << " => " << iter4->second << endl;
    //iter4->second = "plum"; //不可以修改值
}

int main()
{
    iteratorOperator();
    cout << "hello world" << endl;
    return 0;
}

运行结果：

 

参考：

https://zh.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/unordered_map

http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/unordered_map/unordered_map/