Strategy策略设计模式主要是定义一系列的算法,把这些算法封装成单独的类,在运行时动态选择需要的算法,策略模式机制如下:
策略模式例子如下:
//文本替换策略
abstract class TextStrategy {
protected String text;
public TextStrategy(String text) {
this.text = text;
}
public abstract String replace();
}
//替换算法1:将文本中"@r@n"替换为"@n"
class StrategyOne extends TextStrategy {
public StrategyOne(String text) {
super(text);
}
public String replace() {
System.out.println(“StrategyOne:”);
String result = text.replaceAll("@r@n", "@n"));
return result;
}
}
//替换算法2:将文本中"@n"替换为"@r@n"
class StrategyTwo extends TextStrategy {
public StrategyTwo(String text) {
super(text);
}
public String replace() {
System.out.println(“StrategyTwo:”);
String result = text.replaceAll(“@n", "@r@n"));
return result;
}
}
public class TextCharChange {
public static void replace(TextStrategy strategy) {
strategy.replace();
}
public static void main(String[] args){
String testText1 = "This is a test text!!@n Oh! Line Return!!@n";
String testText2 = This is a test text!!@r@n Oh! Line Return@r@n";
TextCharChange.replace(new StrategyOne(testText2));
TextCharChange.replace(new StrategyTwo(testText1));
}
}
State状态模式和Strategy策略模式非常类似,但是有如下区别:
(1).State状态模式重点在于设定状态变化,根据状态,返回相应的响应。
(2).Strategy策略模式重点在于根据需求直接采用设定的策略,即根据场景选择合适的处理算法,而不需要改变状态。
JDK中策略模式的应用:
•
java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.AbortPolicy
•
java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy
•
java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardOldestPolicy
•
java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.DiscardPolicy
•
java.util.Comparator