2020-11-25

SM4算法

1.分组密码算法
分组密码就是将明文数据按固定长度进行分组，然后在同一密钥控制下逐组进行加密，从而将各个明文分组变换成一个等长的密文分组的密码。其中二进制明文分组的长度称为该分组密码的分组规模。
分组密码的实现原则如下：
1)必须实现起来比较简单,知道密钥时加密和脱密都十分容易,适合硬件和(或)软件实现.
　2)加脱密速度和所消耗的资源和成本较低,能满足具体应用范围的需要.
分组密码的设计基本遵循混淆原则和扩散原则。
1）混淆原则就是将密文、明文、密钥三者之间的统计关系和代数关系变得尽可能复杂，使得敌手即使获得了密文和明文，也无法求出密钥的任何信息;即使获得了密文和明文的统计规律，也无法求出明文的任何信息。
　2）扩散原则就是应将明文的统计规律和结构规律散射到相当长的一段统计中去。也就是说让明文中的每一位影响密文中的尽可能多的位，或者说让密文中的每一位都受到明文中的尽可能多位的影响。
2.SM4分组加密算法
SM4.0采用的一种分组密码标准，由国家密码管理局于2012年3月21日发布。相关标准为“GM/T 0002-2012《SM4分组密码算法》（原SMS4分组密码算法）”。
在商用密码体系中，SM4主要用于数据加密，其算法公开，分组长度与密钥长度均为128bit，加密算法与密钥扩展算法都采用32轮非线性迭代结构，S盒为固定的8比特输入8比特输出。
SM4.0中的指令长度被提升到大于64K（即64×1024）的水平，这是SM 3.0规格（渲染指令长度允许大于512）的128倍。
此算法是一个分组算法，用于无线局域网产品。该算法的分组长度为128比特，密钥长度为128比特。加密算法与密钥扩展算法都采用32轮非线性迭代结构。解密算法与加密算法的结构相同，只是轮密钥的使用顺序相反，解密轮密钥是加密轮密钥的逆序。
此算法采用非线性迭代结构，每次迭代由一个轮函数给出，其中轮函数由一个非线性变换和线性变换复合而成，非线性变换由S盒所给出。其中rki为轮密钥，合成置换T组成轮函数。轮密钥的产生与上图流程类似，由加密密钥作为输入生成，轮函数中的线性变换不同，还有些参数的区别。SM4算法的具体描述和示例见SM4标准。
3. SM4 c语言实现

sm4.h头文件
//sm4.h
#ifndef XYSSL_SM4_H
#define XYSSL_SM4_H
 
#define SM4_ENCRYPT     1
#define SM4_DECRYPT     0
 
/**
 * \brief          SM4 context structure
 */
typedef struct
{
    Int mode;               /*!<  encrypt/decrypt */
    unsigned long sk[32];       /*!<  SM4 subkeys       */
}
sm4_context;
 
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
 
/**
 * \brief          SM4 key schedule (128-bit, encryption)
 *
 * \param ctx      SM4 context to be initialized
 * \param key      16-byte secret key
 */
void sm4_setkey_enc( sm4_context *ctx, unsigned char key[16] );
 
/**
 * \brief          SM4 key schedule (128-bit, decryption)
 *
 * \param ctx      SM4 context to be initialized
 * \param key      16-byte secret key
 */
void sm4_setkey_dec( sm4_context *ctx, unsigned char key[16] );
 
/**
 * \brief          SM4-ECB block encryption/decryption
 * \param ctx      SM4 context
 * \param mode     SM4_ENCRYPT or SM4_DECRYPT
 * \param length   length of the input data
 * \param input    input block
 * \param output   output block
 */
void sm4_crypt_ecb( sm4_context *ctx,
                     int mode,
                     int length,
                     unsigned char *input,
                     unsigned char *output);
 
/**
 * \brief          SM4-CBC buffer encryption/decryption
 * \param ctx      SM4 context
 * \param mode     SM4_ENCRYPT or SM4_DECRYPT
 * \param length   length of the input data
 * \param iv       initialization vector (updated after use)
 * \param input    buffer holding the input data
 * \param output   buffer holding the output data
 */
void sm4_crypt_cbc( sm4_context *ctx,
                     int mode,
                     int length,
                     unsigned char iv[16],
                     unsigned char *input,
                     unsigned char *output );
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
 
#endif 

//sm4.c

#include "sm4.h"
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/*
 * 32-bit integer manipulation macros (big endian)
 */
#ifndef GET_ULONG_BE
#define GET_ULONG_BE(n,b,i)                             \
{                                                       \
    (n) = ( (unsigned long) (b)[(i)    ] << 24 )        \
        | ( (unsigned long) (b)[(i) + 1] << 16 )        \
        | ( (unsigned long) (b)[(i) + 2] <<  8 )        \
        | ( (unsigned long) (b)[(i) + 3]       );       \
}
#endif

#ifndef PUT_ULONG_BE
#define PUT_ULONG_BE(n,b,i)                             \
{                                                       \
    (b)[(i)    ] = (unsigned char) ( (n) >> 24 );       \
    (b)[(i) + 1] = (unsigned char) ( (n) >> 16 );       \
    (b)[(i) + 2] = (unsigned char) ( (n) >>  8 );       \
    (b)[(i) + 3] = (unsigned char) ( (n)       );       \
}
#endif

/*
 *rotate shift left marco definition
 *
 */
#define  SHL(x,n) (((x) & 0xFFFFFFFF) << n)
#define ROTL(x,n) (SHL((x),n) | ((x) >> (32 - n)))

#define SWAP(a,b) { unsigned long t = a; a = b; b = t; t = 0; }

/*
 * Expanded SM4 S-boxes
 /* Sbox table: 8bits input convert to 8 bits output*/
 
static const unsigned char SboxTable[16][16] = 
{
{0xd6,0x90,0xe9,0xfe,0xcc,0xe1,0x3d,0xb7,0x16,0xb6,0x14,0xc2,0x28,0xfb,0x2c,0x05},
{0x2b,0x67,0x9a,0x76,0x2a,0xbe,0x04,0xc3,0xaa,0x44,0x13,0x26,0x49,0x86,0x06,0x99},
{0x9c,0x42,0x50,0xf4,0x91,0xef,0x98,0x7a,0x33,0x54,0x0b,0x43,0xed,0xcf,0xac,0x62},
{0xe4,0xb3,0x1c,0xa9,0xc9,0x08,0xe8,0x95,0x80,0xdf,0x94,0xfa,0x75,0x8f,0x3f,0xa6},
{0x47,0x07,0xa7,0xfc,0xf3,0x73,0x17,0xba,0x83,0x59,0x3c,0x19,0xe6,0x85,0x4f,0xa8},
{0x68,0x6b,0x81,0xb2,0x71,0x64,0xda,0x8b,0xf8,0xeb,0x0f,0x4b,0x70,0x56,0x9d,0x35},
{0x1e,0x24,0x0e,0x5e,0x63,0x58,0xd1,0xa2,0x25,0x22,0x7c,0x3b,0x01,0x21,0x78,0x87},
{0xd4,0x00,0x46,0x57,0x9f,0xd3,0x27,0x52,0x4c,0x36,0x02,0xe7,0xa0,0xc4,0xc8,0x9e},
{0xea,0xbf,0x8a,0xd2,0x40,0xc7,0x38,0xb5,0xa3,0xf7,0xf2,0xce,0xf9,0x61,0x15,0xa1},
{0xe0,0xae,0x5d,0xa4,0x9b,0x34,0x1a,0x55,0xad,0x93,0x32,0x30,0xf5,0x8c,0xb1,0xe3},
{0x1d,0xf6,0xe2,0x2e,0x82,0x66,0xca,0x60,0xc0,0x29,0x23,0xab,0x0d,0x53,0x4e,0x6f},
{0xd5,0xdb,0x37,0x45,0xde,0xfd,0x8e,0x2f,0x03,0xff,0x6a,0x72,0x6d,0x6c,0x5b,0x51},
{0x8d,0x1b,0xaf,0x92,0xbb,0xdd,0xbc,0x7f,0x11,0xd9,0x5c,0x41,0x1f,0x10,0x5a,0xd8},
{0x0a,0xc1,0x31,0x88,0xa5,0xcd,0x7b,0xbd,0x2d,0x74,0xd0,0x12,0xb8,0xe5,0xb4,0xb0},
{0x89,0x69,0x97,0x4a,0x0c,0x96,0x77,0x7e,0x65,0xb9,0xf1,0x09,0xc5,0x6e,0xc6,0x84},
{0x18,0xf0,0x7d,0xec,0x3a,0xdc,0x4d,0x20,0x79,0xee,0x5f,0x3e,0xd7,0xcb,0x39,0x48}
};

/* System parameter */
static const unsigned long FK[4] = {0xa3b1bac6,0x56aa3350,0x677d9197,0xb27022dc};

/* fixed parameter */
static const unsigned long CK[32] =
{
0x00070e15,0x1c232a31,0x383f464d,0x545b6269,
0x70777e85,0x8c939aa1,0xa8afb6bd,0xc4cbd2d9,
0xe0e7eef5,0xfc030a11,0x181f262d,0x343b4249,
0x50575e65,0x6c737a81,0x888f969d,0xa4abb2b9,
0xc0c7ced5,0xdce3eaf1,0xf8ff060d,0x141b2229,
0x30373e45,0x4c535a61,0x686f767d,0x848b9299,
0xa0a7aeb5,0xbcc3cad1,0xd8dfe6ed,0xf4fb0209,
0x10171e25,0x2c333a41,0x484f565d,0x646b7279
};


/*
 * private function:
 * look up in SboxTable and get the related value.
 * args:    [in] inch: 0x00~0xFF (8 bits unsigned value).
 */
static unsigned char sm4Sbox(unsigned char inch)
{
    unsigned char *pTable = (unsigned char *)SboxTable;
    unsigned char retVal = (unsigned char)(pTable[inch]);
    return retVal;
}

/*
 * private F(Lt) function:
 * "T algorithm" == "L algorithm" + "t algorithm".
 * args:    [in] a: a is a 32 bits unsigned value;
 * return: c: c is calculated with line algorithm "L" and nonline algorithm "t"
 */
static unsigned long sm4Lt(unsigned long ka)
{
    unsigned long bb = 0;
    unsigned long c = 0;
    unsigned char a[4];
	unsigned char b[4];
    PUT_ULONG_BE(ka,a,0)
    b[0] = sm4Sbox(a[0]);
    b[1] = sm4Sbox(a[1]);
    b[2] = sm4Sbox(a[2]);
    b[3] = sm4Sbox(a[3]);
	GET_ULONG_BE(bb,b,0)
    c =bb^(ROTL(bb, 2))^(ROTL(bb, 10))^(ROTL(bb, 18))^(ROTL(bb, 24));
    return c;
}

/*
 * private F function:
 * Calculating and getting encryption/decryption contents.
 * args:    [in] x0: original contents;
 * args:    [in] x1: original contents;
 * args:    [in] x2: original contents;
 * args:    [in] x3: original contents;
 * args:    [in] rk: encryption/decryption key;
 * return the contents of encryption/decryption contents.
 */
static unsigned long sm4F(unsigned long x0, unsigned long x1, unsigned long x2, unsigned long x3, unsigned long rk)
{
    return (x0^sm4Lt(x1^x2^x3^rk));
}


/* private function:
 * Calculating round encryption key.
 * args:    [in] a: a is a 32 bits unsigned value;
 * return: sk[i]: i{0,1,2,3,...31}.
 */
static unsigned long sm4CalciRK(unsigned long ka)
{
    unsigned long bb = 0;
    unsigned long rk = 0;
    unsigned char a[4];
    unsigned char b[4];
    PUT_ULONG_BE(ka,a,0)
    b[0] = sm4Sbox(a[0]);
    b[1] = sm4Sbox(a[1]);
    b[2] = sm4Sbox(a[2]);
    b[3] = sm4Sbox(a[3]);
	GET_ULONG_BE(bb,b,0)
    rk = bb^(ROTL(bb, 13))^(ROTL(bb, 23));
    return rk;
}

static void sm4_setkey( unsigned long SK[32], unsigned char key[16] )
{
    unsigned long MK[4];
    unsigned long k[36];
    unsigned long i = 0;

    GET_ULONG_BE( MK[0], key, 0 );
    GET_ULONG_BE( MK[1], key, 4 );
    GET_ULONG_BE( MK[2], key, 8 );
    GET_ULONG_BE( MK[3], key, 12 );
    k[0] = MK[0]^FK[0];
    k[1] = MK[1]^FK[1];
    k[2] = MK[2]^FK[2];
    k[3] = MK[3]^FK[3];
    for(; i<32; i++)
    {
        k[i+4] = k[i] ^ (sm4CalciRK(k[i+1]^k[i+2]^k[i+3]^CK[i]));
        SK[i] = k[i+4];
	}

}

/*
 * SM4 standard one round processing
 *
 */
static void sm4_one_round( unsigned long sk[32],
                    unsigned char input[16],
                    unsigned char output[16] )
{
    unsigned long i = 0;
    unsigned long ulbuf[36];

    memset(ulbuf, 0, sizeof(ulbuf));
    GET_ULONG_BE( ulbuf[0], input, 0 )
    GET_ULONG_BE( ulbuf[1], input, 4 )
    GET_ULONG_BE( ulbuf[2], input, 8 )
    GET_ULONG_BE( ulbuf[3], input, 12 )
    while(i<32)
    {
        ulbuf[i+4] = sm4F(ulbuf[i], ulbuf[i+1], ulbuf[i+2], ulbuf[i+3], sk[i]);
// #ifdef _DEBUG
//        	printf("rk(%02d) = 0x%08x,  X(%02d) = 0x%08x \n",i,sk[i], i, ulbuf[i+4] );
// #endif
	    i++;
    }
	PUT_ULONG_BE(ulbuf[35],output,0);
	PUT_ULONG_BE(ulbuf[34],output,4);
	PUT_ULONG_BE(ulbuf[33],output,8);
	PUT_ULONG_BE(ulbuf[32],output,12);
}

/*
 * SM4 key schedule (128-bit, encryption)
 */
void sm4_setkey_enc( sm4_context *ctx, unsigned char key[16] )
{
    ctx->mode = SM4_ENCRYPT;
	sm4_setkey( ctx->sk, key );
}

/*
 * SM4 key schedule (128-bit, decryption)
 */
void sm4_setkey_dec( sm4_context *ctx, unsigned char key[16] )
{
    int i;
	ctx->mode = SM4_ENCRYPT;
    sm4_setkey( ctx->sk, key );
    for( i = 0; i < 16; i ++ )
    {
        SWAP( ctx->sk[ i ], ctx->sk[ 31-i] );
    }
}


/*
 * SM4-ECB block encryption/decryption
 */

void sm4_crypt_ecb( sm4_context *ctx,
				   int mode,
				   int length,
				   unsigned char *input,
                   unsigned char *output)
{
    while( length > 0 )
    {
        sm4_one_round( ctx->sk, input, output );
        input  += 16;
        output += 16;
        length -= 16;
    }

}

/*
 * SM4-CBC buffer encryption/decryption
 */
void sm4_crypt_cbc( sm4_context *ctx,
                    int mode,
                    int length,
                    unsigned char iv[16],
                    unsigned char *input,
                    unsigned char *output )
{
    int i;
    unsigned char temp[16];

    if( mode == SM4_ENCRYPT )
    {
        while( length > 0 )
        {
            for( i = 0; i < 16; i++ )
                output[i] = (unsigned char)( input[i] ^ iv[i] );

            sm4_one_round( ctx->sk, output, output );
            memcpy( iv, output, 16 );

            input  += 16;
            output += 16;
            length -= 16;
        }
    }
    else /* SM4_DECRYPT */
    {
        while( length > 0 )
        {
            memcpy( temp, input, 16 );
            sm4_one_round( ctx->sk, input, output );

            for( i = 0; i < 16; i++ )
                output[i] = (unsigned char)( output[i] ^ iv[i] );

            memcpy( iv, temp, 16 );

            input  += 16;
            output += 16;
            length -= 16;
        }
    }
}

//sm4_test.c
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "sm4.h"

int main()
{
	unsigned char key[16] = {0x01,0x23,0x45,0x67,0x89,0xab,0xcd,0xef,0xfe,0xdc,0xba,0x98,0x76,0x54,0x32,0x10};
	unsigned char input[16] = {0x01,0x23,0x45,0x67,0x89,0xab,0xcd,0xef,0xfe,0xdc,0xba,0x98,0x76,0x54,0x32,0x10};
	unsigned char output[16];
	sm4_context ctx;
	unsigned long i;

	//encrypt standard testing vector
	sm4_setkey_enc(&ctx,key);
	sm4_crypt_ecb(&ctx,1,16,input,output);
	for(i=0;i<16;i++)
		printf("%02x ", output[i]);
	printf("\n");

	//decrypt testing
	sm4_setkey_dec(&ctx,key);
	sm4_crypt_ecb(&ctx,0,16,output,output);
	for(i=0;i<16;i++)
		printf("%02x ", output[i]);
	printf("\n");

	//decrypt 1M times testing vector based on standards.
	i = 0;
	sm4_setkey_enc(&ctx,key);
	while (i<1000000) 
    {
		sm4_crypt_ecb(&ctx,1,16,input,input);
		i++;
    }
	for(i=0;i<16;i++)
		printf("%02x ", input[i]);
	printf("\n");
	
    return 0;
}

4. OpenSSL 支持SM2/SM3/SM4算法
   OpenSSL项目添加了许多新特性, 包括对中国SM2/SM3/SM4算法的支持:
   • SM2椭圆曲线: https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/4793
   • SM3哈希摘要: https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/4616
   • SM4对称加密: https://github.com/openssl/openssl/pull/4552