Structure vs class in C++

在C++中，结构体与类的用法大致相似，除了以下几点区别：

1. C++结构体内部成员变量及成员函数默认的访问级别是public，而C++类的内部成员变量及成员函数默认级别是private；
2. C++结构体的继承默认是public，而C++类的继承默认是private；
   以下是几个实例：

// Program 1
#include <stdio.h>

class Test {
    int x; // x is private
};

int main()
{
  Test t;
  t.x = 20; // compiler error because x is private
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

// Program 2
#include <stdio.h>

struct Test {
    int x; // x is public
};
int main()
{
  Test t;
  t.x = 20; // works fine because x is public
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

// Program 3
#include <stdio.h>

class Base {
public:
    int x;
};

class Derived : Base { }; // is equilalent to class Derived : private Base {}

int main()
{
  Derived d;
  d.x = 20; // compiler error becuase inheritance is private
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

// Program 4
#include <stdio.h>

class Base {
public:
    int x;
};

struct Derived : Base { }; // is equilalent to struct Derived : public Base {}

int main()
{
  Derived d;
  d.x = 20; // works fine becuase inheritance is public
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

程序1、3编译成功，而程序2、4编译失败

[参考链接]
http://www.cnblogs.com/vace/archive/2011/04/14/2015754.html
http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/g-fact-76/