C语言 FileStreaming buffer

setbuf

void setbuf ( FILE * stream, char * buffer ); Set stream buffer

1. 设置文件描述符的缓冲区大小
2. stream buffer是一个 block of data,在i/o操作和 physical file(文件) 之间
3. output buffers,写出:数据会放在buffer区,直到填满,然后会flushed(发送给 物理文件并清空buffer区)
4. input buffers,也是如此
5. Stream buffers can be explicitly flushed by calling fflush, fclose and freopen或者程序terminates normally(正常终止)会自动调用fllush
6. 所有打开的文件都默认带有buffer
7. stdin and stdout are fully buffered by default if they are known to not refer to an interactive . Otherwise, they may either be line buffered or unbuffered by default
8. 通过setvbuf 改变缓冲方式

参数	描述
stream	FILE object
buffer	存放buffer的数组

#pragma warning(disable:4996)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main()
{
	char buf[BUFSIZ];
	printf("缓冲区大小是%d字节\n", BUFSIZ);
	setbuf(stdout, buf);
	puts("hello world");  //屏幕此时没有输出,因为存在buf数组里
	system("pause");
	fflush(stdout);  //屏幕输出
	system("pause");
	return(0);
}

setvbuf

int setvbuf ( FILE * stream, char * buffer, int mode, size_t size );Change stream buffering

1. 设置缓冲方式(Full buffering,Line buffering,No buffering)

参数	描述
stream	Pointer to a FILE object
buffer	User allocated buffer. Shall be at least size bytes long.如果空,会自动设置默认buffer(BUFSIZ)
mode	三种
size	Buffer size, in bytes.

mode	描述
_IOFBF	Full buffering,写出:buffer区间满,刷新,读入:buffer空,刷新
_IOLBF	Line buffering,写出:buffer区满或碰到换行符,刷新,读入:buffer空,或换行符,刷新
_IONBF	No buffering,没有缓冲区,buffer and size参数被忽略

返回	描述
成功	返回0
失败	非0

#pragma warning(disable:4996)

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>

int main()
{
	setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 512);
	puts("hello world"); //直接输出到屏幕,不需要刷新缓冲区
	system("pause");
	fflush(stdout);
	system("pause");
	return(0);
}

fflush

int fflush ( FILE * stream ); Flush stream

1. 刷新缓冲区

参考:
http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/I_002fO-on-Streams.html#I_002fO-on-Streams