sqlalchemy create engine

简介

Engine包含了Pool和dialect
Pool是数据库连接池
Dialect是将orm语言转换为SQL语言，这样我们只用写orm，并不用关心不同数据库的语言。及SQLAlchemy会将orm语言翻译成我们engine绑定的数据库的语言。好处是，写一个orm可以适应不同的数据库。

DBAPI既数据库引擎

应用

引擎创建的一般形式：

dialect+driver://username:password@host:port/database

PostgreSQL

# default
engine = create_engine('postgresql://scott:tiger@localhost/mydatabase')

# psycopg2
engine = create_engine('postgresql+psycopg2://scott:tiger@localhost/mydatabase')

# pg8000
engine = create_engine('postgresql+pg8000://scott:tiger@localhost/mydatabase')

MySQL

# default
engine = create_engine('mysql://scott:tiger@localhost/foo')

# mysql-python
engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqldb://scott:tiger@localhost/foo')

# MySQL-connector-python
engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector://scott:tiger@localhost/foo')

# OurSQL
engine = create_engine('mysql+oursql://scott:tiger@localhost/foo')

Oracle

engine = create_engine('oracle://scott:tiger@127.0.0.1:1521/sidname')

engine = create_engine('oracle+cx_oracle://scott:tiger@tnsname')

Microsoft SQL Server

# pyodbc
engine = create_engine('mssql+pyodbc://scott:tiger@mydsn')

# pymssql
engine = create_engine('mssql+pymssql://scott:tiger@hostname:port/dbname')

SQLite

# sqlite://<nohostname>/<path>
# where <path> is relative: 相对位置
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///foo.db')

#Unix/Mac - 4 initial slashes in total 绝对位置
engine = create_engine('sqlite:absolute/path/to/foo.db')
#Windows
engine = create_engine('sqlite:///C:\\path\\to\\foo.db')
#Windows alternative using raw string
engine = create_engine(r'sqlite:///C:\path\to\foo.db')
# 内存模式
engine = create_engine('sqlite://')  

参考文献:
http://docs.sqlalchemy.org/en/latest/core/engines.html#supported-databases