linux之终端tty

c_cflag用于设置控制参数，除了波特率外还包含以下内容： 
EXTA         External rate clock
EXTB         External rate clock
CSIZE         Bit mask for data bits
CS5         5个数据位

CS6         6个数据位

CS7         7个数据位
CS8         8个数据位
CSTOPB         2个停止位（清除该标志表示1个停止位
PARENB         允许校验位
PARODD         使用奇校验（清除该标志表示使用偶校验）
CREAD         Enable receiver
HUPCL         Hangup (drop DTR) on last close
CLOCAL         Local line – do not change “owner” of port
LOBLK         Block job control outpu
c_cflag标志可以定义CLOCAL和CREAD，这将确保该程序不被其他端口控制和信号干扰，同时串口驱动将读取进入的数据。CLOCAL和CREAD通常总是被是能的。

c_lflag用于设置本地模式，决定串口驱动如何处理输入字符，设置内容如下：
ISIG            Enable SIGINTR, SIGSUSP, SIGDSUSP, and SIGQUIT signals 
ICANON         Enable canonical input (else raw) 
XCASE         Map uppercase \lowercase (obsolete) 
ECHO         Enable echoing of input characters 
ECHOE         Echo erase character as BS-SP-BS 
ECHOK         Echo NL after kill character 
ECHONL         Echo NL 
NOFLSH         Disable flushing of input buffers after interrupt or quit characters 
IEXTEN         Enable extended functions 
ECHOCTL         Echo control characters as ^char and delete as ~? 
ECHOPRT         Echo erased character as character erased 
ECHOKE         BS-SP-BS entire line on line kill 
FLUSHO         Output being flushed 
PENDIN         Retype pending input at next read or input char 
TOSTOP         Send SIGTTOU for background output

c_iflag用于设置如何处理串口上接收到的数据，包含如下内容：
INPCK         Enable parity check 
IGNPAR         Ignore parity errors 
PARMRK      Mark parity errors 
ISTRIP         Strip parity bits 
IXON         Enable software flow control (outgoing) 
IXOFF         Enable software flow control (incoming) 
IXANY         Allow any character to start flow again 
IGNBRK         Ignore break condition 
BRKINT         Send a SIGINT when a break condition is detected 
INLCR         Map NL to CR 
IGNCR         Ignore CR 
ICRNL         Map CR to NL 
IUCLC         Map uppercase to lowercase 
IMAXBEL      Echo BEL on input line too long

c_oflag用于设置如何处理输出数据，包含如下内容：
OPOST         Postprocess output (not set = raw output) 
OLCUC         Map lowercase to uppercase 

ONLCR         Map NL to CR-NL 
OCRNL         Map CR to NL 

NOCR         No CR output at column 0 
ONLRET      NL performs CR function 
OFILL         Use fill characters for delay 
OFDEL         Fill character is DEL 

NLDLY         Mask for delay time needed between lines 
NL0            No delay for NLs 
NL1            Delay further output after newline for 100 milliseconds 

CRDLY      Mask for delay time needed to return carriage to left column 
CR0            No delay for CRs 
CR1            Delay after CRs depending on current column position 
CR2            Delay 100 milliseconds after sending CRs 
CR3            Delay 150 milliseconds after sending CRs 

TABDLY      Mask for delay time needed after TABs 
TAB0            No delay for TABs 
TAB1         Delay after TABs depending on current column position 
TAB2         Delay 100 milliseconds after sending TABs 
TAB3         Expand TAB characters to spaces 

BSDLY      Mask for delay time needed after BSs 
BS0         No delay for BSs 
BS1         Delay 50 milliseconds after sending BSs 

VTDLY      Mask for delay time needed after VTs 
VT0         No delay for VTs 
VT1         Delay 2 seconds after sending VTs 

FFDLY      Mask for delay time needed after FFs 
FF0         No delay for FFs 
FF1         Delay 2 seconds after sending FFs

c_cc定义了控制字符，包含以下内容：
VINTR  Interrupt  CTRL-C 
VQUIT  Quit    CTRL-Z 
VERASE   Erase    Backspace (BS) 
VKILL   Kill-line   CTRL-U 
VEOF   End-of-file   CTRL-D 
VEOL   End-of-line   Carriage return (CR) 
VEOL2   Second    end-of-line Line feed (LF) 
VMIN   Minimum number of characters to read  
VSTART   Start flow   CTRL-Q (XON) 
VSTOP   Stop flow   CTRL-S (XOFF) 
VTIME   Time to wait for data (tenths of seconds) 

注意：控制符VTIME和VMIN之间有复杂的关系。VTIME定义要求等待的时间（百毫米，通常是unsigned char变量），而VMIN定义了要求等待的最小字节数（相比之下，read函数的第三个参数指定了要求读的最大字节数）。
如果VTIME=0，VMIN=要求等待读取的最小字节数，read必须在读取了VMIN个字节的数据或者收到一个信号才会返回。
如果VTIME=时间量，VMIN=0，不管能否读取到数据，read也要等待VTIME的时间量。
如果VTIME=时间量，VMIN=要求等待读取的最小字节数，那么将从read读取第一个字节的数据时开始计时，并会在读取到VMIN个字节或者VTIME时间后返回。
如果VTIME=0，VMIN=0，不管能否读取到数据，read都会立即返回。

华清远见：http://fasight001.spaces.eepw.com.cn/articles/article/item/99019

关于termios的定义在include/asm/termbits.h中定义

#ifndef __ASM_ARM_TERMBITS_H
#define __ASM_ARM_TERMBITS_H


typedef unsigned char cc_t;
typedef unsigned int speed_t;
typedef unsigned int tcflag_t;


#define NCCS 19
struct termios {
tcflag_t c_iflag;/* input mode flags */
tcflag_t c_oflag;/* output mode flags */
tcflag_t c_cflag;/* control mode flags */
tcflag_t c_lflag;/* local mode flags */
cc_t c_line; /* line discipline */
cc_t c_cc[NCCS];/* control characters */
};


struct termios2 {
tcflag_t c_iflag;/* input mode flags */
tcflag_t c_oflag;/* output mode flags */
tcflag_t c_cflag;/* control mode flags */
tcflag_t c_lflag;/* local mode flags */
cc_t c_line; /* line discipline */
cc_t c_cc[NCCS];/* control characters */
speed_t c_ispeed;/* input speed */
speed_t c_ospeed;/* output speed */
};


struct ktermios {
tcflag_t c_iflag;/* input mode flags */
tcflag_t c_oflag;/* output mode flags */
tcflag_t c_cflag;/* control mode flags */
tcflag_t c_lflag;/* local mode flags */
cc_t c_line; /* line discipline */
cc_t c_cc[NCCS];/* control characters */
speed_t c_ispeed;/* input speed */
speed_t c_ospeed;/* output speed */
};




/* c_cc characters */
#define VINTR 0
#define VQUIT 1
#define VERASE 2
#define VKILL 3
#define VEOF 4
#define VTIME 5
#define VMIN 6
#define VSWTC 7
#define VSTART 8
#define VSTOP 9
#define VSUSP 10
#define VEOL 11
#define VREPRINT 12
#define VDISCARD 13
#define VWERASE 14
#define VLNEXT 15
#define VEOL2 16


/* c_iflag bits */
#define IGNBRK 0000001
#define BRKINT 0000002
#define IGNPAR 0000004
#define PARMRK 0000010
#define INPCK 0000020
#define ISTRIP 0000040
#define INLCR 0000100
#define IGNCR 0000200
#define ICRNL 0000400
#define IUCLC 0001000
#define IXON 0002000
#define IXANY 0004000
#define IXOFF 0010000
#define IMAXBEL 0020000
#define IUTF8 0040000


/* c_oflag bits */
#define OPOST 0000001
#define OLCUC 0000002
#define ONLCR 0000004
#define OCRNL 0000010
#define ONOCR 0000020
#define ONLRET 0000040
#define OFILL 0000100
#define OFDEL 0000200
#define NLDLY 0000400
#define   NL0 0000000
#define   NL1 0000400
#define CRDLY 0003000
#define   CR0 0000000
#define   CR1 0001000
#define   CR2 0002000
#define   CR3 0003000
#define TABDLY 0014000
#define   TAB0 0000000
#define   TAB1 0004000
#define   TAB2 0010000
#define   TAB3 0014000
#define   XTABS 0014000
#define BSDLY 0020000
#define   BS0 0000000
#define   BS1 0020000
#define VTDLY 0040000
#define   VT0 0000000
#define   VT1 0040000
#define FFDLY 0100000
#define   FF0 0000000
#define   FF1 0100000


/* c_cflag bit meaning */
#define CBAUD 0010017
#define  B0 0000000/* hang up */
#define  B50 0000001
#define  B75 0000002
#define  B110 0000003
#define  B134 0000004
#define  B150 0000005
#define  B200 0000006
#define  B300 0000007
#define  B600 0000010
#define  B1200 0000011
#define  B1800 0000012
#define  B2400 0000013
#define  B4800 0000014
#define  B9600 0000015
#define  B19200 0000016
#define  B38400 0000017
#define EXTA B19200
#define EXTB B38400
#define CSIZE 0000060
#define   CS5 0000000
#define   CS6 0000020
#define   CS7 0000040
#define   CS8 0000060
#define CSTOPB 0000100
#define CREAD 0000200
#define PARENB 0000400
#define PARODD 0001000
#define HUPCL 0002000
#define CLOCAL 0004000
#define CBAUDEX 0010000
#define    BOTHER 0010000
#define    B57600 0010001
#define   B115200 0010002
#define   B230400 0010003
#define   B460800 0010004
#define   B500000 0010005
#define   B576000 0010006
#define   B921600 0010007
#define  B1000000 0010010
#define  B1152000 0010011
#define  B1500000 0010012
#define  B2000000 0010013
#define  B2500000 0010014
#define  B3000000 0010015
#define  B3500000 0010016
#define  B4000000 0010017
#define CIBAUD  002003600000/* input baud rate */
#define CMSPAR    010000000000 /* mark or space (stick) parity */
#define CRTSCTS  020000000000/* flow control */


#define IBSHIFT   16


/* c_lflag bits */
#define ISIG 0000001
#define ICANON 0000002
#define XCASE 0000004
#define ECHO 0000010
#define ECHOE 0000020
#define ECHOK 0000040
#define ECHONL 0000100
#define NOFLSH 0000200
#define TOSTOP 0000400
#define ECHOCTL 0001000
#define ECHOPRT 0002000
#define ECHOKE 0004000
#define FLUSHO 0010000
#define PENDIN 0040000
#define IEXTEN 0100000


/* tcflow() and TCXONC use these */
#define TCOOFF 0
#define TCOON 1
#define TCIOFF 2
#define TCION 3


/* tcflush() and TCFLSH use these */
#define TCIFLUSH 0
#define TCOFLUSH 1
#define TCIOFLUSH 2


/* tcsetattr uses these */
#define TCSANOW 0
#define TCSADRAIN 1
#define TCSAFLUSH 2


#endif /* __ASM_ARM_TERMBITS_H */