客户端服务器的特征

客户端服务器的特征 (Characteristics Of Client Server)

The client / server refer to a mode of communication between multiple computers on a network that distinguishes one or more clients on the server: each client software can send requests to a server. A server can be specialized in server applications, files, terminals, or e-mail.

客户端/服务器是指网络上多台计算机之间的一种通信模式，该模式可以区分服务器上的一个或多个客户端：每种客户端软件都可以向服务器发送请求。 服务器可以专门用于服务器应用程序，文件，终端或电子邮件。

服务器的特征： (Characteristics of a server:)

• It is initially passive (or slave, waiting for a query);
  最初是被动的(或者是从属的，等待查询)；
• It is listening, ready to respond to requests sent by clients;
  它正在监听，准备响应客户发送的请求；
• When a request comes, he treats it and sends a response.
  当请求到来时，他会处理并发送响应。

客户特点： (Characteristics of a client:)

• It is the first active (or master);
  它是第一个活动(或主节点)；
• Sends requests to the server;
  发送请求到服务器；
• It expects and receives responses from the server.
  它期望并从服务器接收响应。

The client and the server must of course use the same communication protocol. A server is generally capable of serving multiple clients simultaneously.

客户端和服务器当然必须使用相同的通信协议。 一台服务器通常能够同时为多个客户端提供服务。

Another type of network architecture is the peer (peer-to-peer in English, or P2P), in which each computer or software is both client and server.

网络体系的另一种类型是对等(英语为P2P的对等)，其中每台计算机或软件都是客户端和服务器。

三层架构，三分之二 (Three tiers architecture, multi-thirds)

The terms “three-thirds” and “multi-tier” are wrongly translated from English Three Tier and multi-tier or n-tier. For this reason, it would be preferable to use the translation “three levels” and “multi-level” or a hybrid French-English “three tier” and “multi-tier.

术语“三分之三”和“多层”是错误地从英语“三层”和多层或n层翻译而来的。 因此，最好使用翻译“三级”和“多级”或法语-英语的混合“三级”和“多级”。

The client / server architecture has two types of computers on a network: clients and servers, it has two levels and therefore called two-tier in English. The multi-tier architectures (or distributed) server split into several entities (e.g., an application server which itself is a client server database).

客户端/服务器体系结构在网络上具有两种类型的计算机：客户端和服务器，它具有两个级别，因此在英语中称为两层。 多层体系结构(或分布式)服务器分为几个实体(例如，本身是客户端服务器数据库的应用程序服务器)。

Comparison with distributed architectures

与分布式架构的比较

客户端服务器的好处 (Benefits Of Client Server)

• All data are centralized on a single server, simplifying security checks and updates data and software.
  所有数据都集中在单个服务器上，从而简化了安全检查并更新了数据和软件。
• The technology supporting the client / server are more mature than others.
  支持客户端/服务器的技术比其他技术更成熟。
• A level administration server, customers have little importance in this model, they have less need to be administered
  一个级别管理服务器，客户对该模型的重视程度不高，需要管理的需求也较少

客户端服务器的缺点 (Disadvantages Of Client Server)

• If too many clients to communicate with the server at the same time, it may not carry the load (while peer to peer networks work better by adding new members).
  如果太多的客户端无法同时与服务器通信，则它可能无法承受负载(而对等网络通过添加新成员可以更好地工作)。
• If the server is no longer available, most customers do not walk (the peer network continues to function even if many participants leave the network).
  如果服务器不再可用，则大多数客户不会走路(即使许多参与者离开网络，对等网络也将继续运行)。
• The costs of setting up and maintenance are high.
  设置和维护的成本很高。

客户端服务器示例 (Examples Of Client Server)

The consultation pages on a website works on a client / server. Someone connected to the network via his computer and web browser is the client, the server consists of one or more computers with applications that deliver the requested pages. In this case, the HTTP communication protocol (HTTP) is used.

网站上的咨询页面可在客户端/服务器上使用。 客户端是通过他的计算机和Web浏览器连接到网络的人，服务器由一台或多台计算机组成，这些计算机具有传递请求的页面的应用程序。 在这种情况下，将使用HTTP通信协议(HTTP)。

E-mails are sent and received by clients and managed by a mail server. The protocols used are SMTP, and POP or IMAP.

电子邮件由客户端发送和接收，并由邮件服务器进行管理。 使用的协议是SMTP和POP或IMAP。

The management of a centralized database on a server can be done from multiple workstations that allow you to view and enter data.

服务器上的集中式数据库的管理可以从多个工作站进行，这些工作站使您可以查看和输入数据。

The X Window System running on a client / server. In general, the client process (a GUI, xeyes example) runs on the same machine as the server but can be as well running on another computer in the network.

在客户端/服务器上运行的X Window系统。 通常，客户端进程(GUI，xeyes示例)与服务器在同一台计算机上运行，​​但也可以在网络中的另一台计算机上运行。

A thin client computer is a light or former relying on a central server that hosts and executes all applications. Examples: the LTSP project, the NX technology.

瘦客户机计算机是轻型计算机或轻量级计算机，它依赖于托管和执行所有应用程序的中央服务器。 示例：LTSP项目，NX技术。

Study: From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons.

研究：来自维基百科，免费的百科全书。 该文本可在“ 知识共享”下找到 。

翻译自: https://www.eukhost.com/blog/webhosting/characteristics-of-client-server/