免费：适用于Windows桌面的Visual Studio Express 2012

When the Visual Studio 2012 free versions were originally announced the first thing I noticed was that they had switched from a language-specific model (C# Express, VB Express, etc) to a target-specific model (Windows 8, Web). However, I was very surprised (and disappointed) that there was no free way to make Console Apps, or Windows Forms apps, or anything for the Windows Desktop. I wasn't the only one who thought this was a problem. Shortly thereafter (with a lot of people pushing) Soma announced there would be a "Windows Desktop" Express version for free. He said:

最初宣布Visual Studio 2012免费版时，我注意到的第一件事是它们已从特定于语言的模型(C＃Express，VB Express等)切换到特定于目标的模型(Windows 8，Web)。 但是，令我感到非常惊讶(失望)的是，没有免费的方法可以制作控制台应用程序，Windows窗体应用程序或Windows桌面应用程序。 我并不是唯一认为这是一个问题的人。 此后不久(在很多人的推动下)， Soma宣布将免费提供“ Windows Desktop” Express版本。 他说：

...we heard from our community that developers want to have for Windows desktop development the same great experience and access to the latest Visual Studio 2012 features at the Express level.

...我们从社区中听说，开发人员希望Windows桌面开发具有相同的出色体验，并希望在Express级别访问最新的Visual Studio 2012功能。

Today, I’m happy to announce that we will add Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows Desktop to the Visual Studio 2012 family. This will bring to the Visual Studio Express family significant new capabilities that we’ve made available in Visual Studio 2012 for building great desktop applications.

今天，我很高兴地宣布，我们将针对Windows桌面的Visual Studio Express 2012添加到Visual Studio 2012系列中。 这将为Visual Studio Express系列带来重要的新功能，我们已经在Visual Studio 2012中提供了这些新功能，用于构建出色的桌面应用程序。

I'm glad folks realized that no-cost desktop software development is important. Open Source projects need free tools like the Express SKUs. Even better that the the Express Desktop SKU gets the new 2012 features as well.

我很高兴人们意识到免费的桌面软件开发非常重要。 开源项目需要Express SKU等免费工具。 甚至更好的是，Express Desktop SKU也获得了2012年的新功能。

Today Visual Studio has made Visual Studio Express 2012 for Windows Desktop available and you can go download it now free. The best part is that this one SKU supports C++, C#, and Visual Basic together. With this one free version you can make WinForms, WPF, Console or Class Libraries with any or all of Visual Basic, C#, as well as Win32 projects, class libraries, and CLR apps using C++. You can also, of course, combine projects over multiple languages into a single solution. You can target both .NET 4.0 and 4.5.

今天，Visual Studio已使Windows Studio的Visual Studio Express 2012可用，您可以立即免费下载。 最好的部分是，这个SKU一起支持C ++，C＃和Visual Basic。 使用这一免费版本，您可以使用C ++来使用任何或所有Visual Basic，C＃以及Win32项目，类库和CLR应用程序制作WinForms，WPF，控制台或类库。 当然，您也可以将多种语言的项目组合成一个解决方案。 您可以同时定位.NET 4.0和4.5。

NOTE: You might wonder, what about a free F#? Why isn't F# included? We've got a free download to add F# support to the free Visual Studio Express 2012 for Web!

注意：您可能会想知道，免费的F＃呢？ 为什么不包含F＃？ 我们提供了免费下载，可将F＃支持添加到免费的Visual Studio Express 2012 for Web中！

相关链接 (Related Links)

• Download page for Visual Studio 2012 for Windows Desktop (Web Installer or ISO)

  Windows版Visual Studio 2012的下载页面(Web安装程序或ISO)

• Product page and Details for VS2012 for Windows Desktop

  Windows版VS2012的产品页面和详细信息

• F# Tools for Visual Studio 2012 Express for Web (you *don't* need this if you have Pro already, this is just for Express for Web)

  适用于Web的Visual Studio 2012 Express的F＃工具(如果已经拥有Pro，则不需要*，这仅适用于Web Express)

While Express SKUs don't allow arbitrary add-ins (you need Pro for that) the free SKU does include Unit Testing, Code Analysis, as well as the NuGet package manager. It's a bit of a nice coup for my little group that NuGet is now included in ALL Visual Studio 2012 SKUs, even Express ones. Package management is finally happening in .NET.

尽管Express SKU不允许任意加载项(为此您需要Pro)，但免费的SKU确实包括单元测试，代码分析以及NuGet软件包管理器。 对于我的小组来说， NuGet现在已包含在所有Visual Studio 2012 SKU中，甚至是Express SKU中，这是一个很好的妙招。 包管理最终在.NET中进行。

In the screenshot below I've added a C++ Console app, a Window Forms C# app and a C# Console to a single solution in VS2012 using Express for Windows Desktop.

在下面的屏幕快照中，我已使用Express for Windows Desktop在VS2012中的单个解决方案中添加了C ++控制台应用程序，Window Forms C＃应用程序和C＃控制台。

Just to illustrate one of the reasons I think a free "Desktop" SKU is so important, I wanted to share a cool open source project I found recently called Topshelf. It's a library for making Windows Services easier to write using .NET. It's up on GitHub under an Apache license. The easiest way to get Topshelf is with NuGet with simply "install-package Topshelf". Topshelf has some impressive documentation as well, especially for an open source project!

只是为了说明我认为免费的“台式机” SKU如此重要的原因之一，我想分享一个我最近发现的名为Topshelf的很棒的开源项目。 这是一个使Windows Services易于使用.NET编写的库。 它在Apache许可下的GitHub上。 获得Topshelf的最简单方法是使用NuGet ，只需简单地“安装软件包Topshelf”即可。 Topshelf也有一些令人印象深刻的文档，特别是对于开源项目！

Here's a simple Windows Service with a basic heartbeat timer using Topshelf:

这是一个简单的Windows服务，带有使用Topshelf的基本心跳计时器：

public class TownCrier
{
    readonly Timer _timer;
    public TownCrier()
    {
        _timer = new Timer(1000) {AutoReset = true};
        _timer.Elapsed += (sender, eventArgs) => Console.WriteLine("It is {0} an all is well", DateTime.Now);
    }
    public void Start() { _timer.Start(); }
    public void Stop() { _timer.Stop(); }
}

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        HostFactory.Run(x =>                                 //1
        {
            x.Service<TownCrier>(s =>                        //2
            {
               s.ConstructUsing(name=> new TownCrier());     //3
               s.WhenStarted(tc => tc.Start());              //4
               s.WhenStopped(tc => tc.Stop());               //5
            });
            x.RunAsLocalSystem();                            //6

            x.SetDescription("Sample Topshelf Host");        //7
            x.SetDisplayName("Stuff");                       //8
            x.SetServiceName("stuff");                       //9
        });                                                  //10
    }
}

Topshelf even has nice Log4net and NLog integration. Anyway, this is just the kind of powerful, useful, and interesting open source library that could be helped by a free Express SKU for Desktop. I'm not involved directly (yet ;) ) in making decisions this high up, but I (and many, many others) inside and out continue to advocate for balance. In this case I'm very glad that the decision was made to ship this SKU and I hope you all find it useful whether you work in open source or in education.

Topshelf甚至具有不错的Log4net和NLog集成。 无论如何，这只是一种功能强大，有用且有趣的开源库，免费的Express SKU for Desktop可以帮助您。 我并没有直接参与(至今；))做出如此高的决策，但是我(以及许多其他人)从内而外继续倡导平衡。 在这种情况下，我很高兴做出了发布此SKU的决定，并且希望大家都觉得无论您从事开源还是教育工作都很有用。

There's more details over at the Visual Studio blog and the team is watching the comments.

Visual Studio博客上有更多详细信息，团队正在关注评论。

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翻译自: https://www.hanselman.com/blog/free-visual-studio-express-2012-for-windows-desktop