提示:内容整理自:https://github.com/gzr2017/ImageProcessing100Wen
CV小白从0开始学数字图像处理
14 微分滤波器
微分滤波器对图像亮度急剧变化的边缘有提取效果,可以获得邻接像素的差值。
(a)纵向 (b)横向
0 -1 0 0 0 0
K = [ 0 1 0 ] K = [ -1 1 0 ]
0 0 0 0 0 0
代码如下:
1.引入库
CV2计算机视觉库
import cv2
import numpy as np
2.读入数据
img = cv2.imread("imori.jpg").astype(np.float)
H, W, C = img.shape
b = img[:, :, 0].copy()
g = img[:, :, 1].copy()
r = img[:, :, 2].copy()
3.灰度化
gray = 0.2126 * r + 0.7152 * g + 0.0722 * b
gray = gray.astype(np.uint8)
4.微分滤波器
K_size = 3
K = np.diag( [1] * K_size ).astype(np.float)
K /= K_size
5.边缘补0
pad = K_size // 2
out = np.zeros((H + pad*2, W + pad*2), dtype=np.float)
out[pad:pad+H, pad:pad+W] = gray.copy().astype(np.float)
tmp = out.copy()
out_v = out.copy()
out_h = out.copy()
6.垂直特征
Kv = [[0., -1., 0.],[0., 1., 0.],[0., 0., 0.]]
7.水平特征
Kh = [[0., 0., 0.],[-1., 1., 0.], [0., 0., 0.]]
8.处理
for y in range(H):
for x in range(W):
out_v[pad+y, pad+x] = np.sum(Kv * (tmp[y:y+K_size, x:x+K_size]))
out_h[pad+y, pad+x] = np.sum(Kh * (tmp[y:y+K_size, x:x+K_size]))
#out_v = np.abs(out_v)
#out_h = np.abs(out_h)
out_v[out_v < 0] = 0
out_h[out_h < 0] = 0
out_v[out_v > 255] = 255
out_h[out_h > 255] = 255
out_v = out_v[pad:pad+H, pad:pad+W].astype(np.uint8)
out_h = out_h[pad:pad+H, pad:pad+W].astype(np.uint8)
9.保存结果
cv2.imwrite("out_v.jpg", out_v)
cv2.imshow("result", out_v)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.imwrite("out_h.jpg", out_h)
cv2.imshow("result", out_h)
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()
10.微分滤波器处理后结果
左:垂直
右:水平