tesnorflow卷积神经网络对Mnist手写数字识别

import tensorflow.compat.v1 as tf
tf.disable_v2_behavior()
from tensorflow.examples.tutorials.mnist import input_data
import os
os.chdir("E:\\code\\tensorflow\\第二周\\")

os.environ['TF_CPP_MIN_LOG_LEVEL']='2'

mnist = input_data.read_data_sets('MNIST_data',one_hot=True)

# 每个批次的大小
batch_size = 64
# 计算一共有多少个批次
n_batch = mnist.train.num_examples // batch_size
# 定义两个placeholder
x = tf.placeholder(tf.float32,[None,784])#28*28
y = tf.placeholder(tf.float32,[None,10])

# 初始化权值
def weight_variable(shape):
    initial = tf.truncated_normal(shape,stddev=0.1)#生成一个截断的正态分布
    return tf.Variable(initial)

# 初始化偏置
def bias_variable(shape):
    initial = tf.constant(0.1,shape=shape)
    return tf.Variable(initial)

# 卷积层
def conv2d(x,W):
    #x input tensor of shape `[batch, in_height, in_width, in_channels]`
    #W filter / kernel tensor of shape [filter_height, filter_width, in_channels, out_channels]
    #`strides[0] = strides[3] = 1`. strides[1]代表x方向的步长，strides[2]代表y方向的步长
    #padding: A `string` from: `"SAME", "VALID"`
    return tf.nn.conv2d(x,W,strides=[1,1,1,1],padding='SAME')

# 池化层
def max_pool_2x2(x):
    #ksize [1,x,y,1]
    return tf.nn.max_pool(x,ksize=[1,2,2,1],strides=[1,2,2,1],padding='SAME')

# 改变x的格式转为4D的格式[batch, in_height, in_width, in_channels]`
x_image = tf.reshape(x,[-1,28,28,1])

# 初始化第一个卷积层的权值和偏置
W_conv1 = weight_variable([5,5,1,32])#5*5的采样窗口，输入通道数是1，输出通道数是32
b_conv1 = bias_variable([32])

# 把x_image和权值向量进行卷积，再加上偏置值，然后应用于relu激活函数
h_conv1 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(x_image,W_conv1) + b_conv1)
h_pool1 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv1)#进行max-pooling

# 初始化第二个卷积层的权值和偏置
W_conv2 = weight_variable([5,5,32,64])#5*5的采样窗口，输入通道数是32，输出通道数是64
b_conv2 = bias_variable([64])

# 把h_pool1和权值向量进行卷积，再加上偏置值，然后应用于relu激活函数
h_conv2 = tf.nn.relu(conv2d(h_pool1,W_conv2) + b_conv2)
h_pool2 = max_pool_2x2(h_conv2)#进行max-pooling

# 28*28的图片第一次卷积后还是28*28，第一次池化后变为14*14
# 第二次卷积后为14*14，第二次池化后变为了7*7
# 进过上面操作后得到64张7*7的平面

#批次大小为64
# (64,7,7,64)

# 初始化第一个全连接层的权值
#上一层有7*7*64个神经元，全连接层有1024个神经元
W_fc1 = weight_variable([7*7*64,1024])
b_fc1 = bias_variable([1024])

# 把池化层2的输出扁平化为1维
h_pool2_flat = tf.reshape(h_pool2,[-1,7*7*64])
# 求第一个全连接层的输出
h_fc1 = tf.nn.relu(tf.matmul(h_pool2_flat,W_fc1) + b_fc1)

# keep_prob用来表示神经元的输出概率   对该层进行dropout
keep_prob = tf.placeholder(tf.float32)
h_fc1_drop = tf.nn.dropout(h_fc1,keep_prob)

# 初始化第二个全连接层
W_fc2 = weight_variable([1024,10])
b_fc2 = bias_variable([10])

# 计算输出
prediction = tf.nn.softmax(tf.matmul(h_fc1_drop,W_fc2) + b_fc2)

# 交叉熵代价函数
cross_entropy = tf.losses.softmax_cross_entropy(y,prediction)
# 使用AdamOptimizer进行优化
train_step = tf.train.AdamOptimizer(1e-4).minimize(cross_entropy)
# 结果存放在一个布尔列表中
correct_prediction = tf.equal(tf.argmax(prediction,1),tf.argmax(y,1))
# 求准确率
accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(correct_prediction,tf.float32))

with tf.Session() as sess:
    sess.run(tf.global_variables_initializer())
    for epoch in range(21):
        for batch in range(n_batch):
            batch_xs,batch_ys =  mnist.train.next_batch(batch_size)
            sess.run(train_step,feed_dict={x:batch_xs,y:batch_ys,keep_prob:0.7})

        acc = sess.run(accuracy,feed_dict={x:mnist.test.images,y:mnist.test.labels,keep_prob:1.0})
        print ("Iter " + str(epoch) + ", Testing Accuracy= " + str(acc))

精度达到99.25很不错