Machine Learning week 4 One vs All and Neural network

1、Vectorizing Logistic Regression

function [J, grad] = lrCostFunction(theta, X, y, lambda)  
%LRCOSTFUNCTION Compute cost and gradient for logistic regression with   
%regularization  
%   J = LRCOSTFUNCTION(theta, X, y, lambda) computes the cost of using  
%   theta as the parameter for regularized logistic regression and the  
%   gradient of the cost w.r.t. to the parameters.   

% Initialize some useful values  
m = length(y); % number of training examples  

% You need to return the following variables correctly   
J = 0;  
grad = zeros(size(theta));  

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================  
% Instructions: Compute the cost of a particular choice of theta.  
%               You should set J to the cost.  
%               Compute the partial derivatives and set grad to the partial  
%               derivatives of the cost w.r.t. each parameter in theta  
%  
% Hint: The computation of the cost function and gradients can be  
%       efficiently vectorized. For example, consider the computation  
%  
%           sigmoid(X * theta)  
%  
%       Each row of the resulting matrix will contain the value of the  
%       prediction for that example. You can make use of this to vectorize  
%       the cost function and gradient computations.   
%  
% Hint: When computing the gradient of the regularized cost function,   
%       there're many possible vectorized solutions, but one solution  
%       looks like:  
%           grad = (unregularized gradient for logistic regression)  
%           temp = theta;   
%           temp(1) = 0;   % because we don't add anything for j = 0    
%           grad = grad + YOUR_CODE_HERE (using the temp variable)  
%  
sigm = sigmoid(X*theta);  
J = sum(-y.*log(sigm) - (1-y).*log(1-sigm))/m + lambda * sum(theta(2:end).^2)/(2*m);  
grad = X' * (sigm-y)/m;  
grad0 = grad(1);  
grad = grad + (lambda/m)*theta;  
grad(1) = grad0;  






% =============================================================  

grad = grad(:);  

end  

2、One-vs-all Classi cation

function [all_theta] = oneVsAll(X, y, num_labels, lambda)  
%ONEVSALL trains multiple logistic regression classifiers and returns all  
%the classifiers in a matrix all_theta, where the i-th row of all_theta   
%corresponds to the classifier for label i  
%   [all_theta] = ONEVSALL(X, y, num_labels, lambda) trains num_labels  
%   logisitc regression classifiers and returns each of these classifiers  
%   in a matrix all_theta, where the i-th row of all_theta corresponds   
%   to the classifier for label i  

% Some useful variables  
m = size(X, 1);  
n = size(X, 2);  

% You need to return the following variables correctly   
all_theta = zeros(num_labels, n + 1);  

% Add ones to the X data matrix  
X = [ones(m, 1) X];  

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================  
% Instructions: You should complete the following code to train num_labels  
%               logistic regression classifiers with regularization  
%               parameter lambda.   
%  
% Hint: theta(:) will return a column vector.  
%  
% Hint: You can use y == c to obtain a vector of 1's and 0's that tell use   
%       whether the ground truth is true/false for this class.  
%  
% Note: For this assignment, we recommend using fmincg to optimize the cost  
%       function. It is okay to use a for-loop (for c = 1:num_labels) to  
%       loop over the different classes.  
%  
%       fmincg works similarly to fminunc, but is more efficient when we  
%       are dealing with large number of parameters.  
%  
% Example Code for fmincg:  
%  
%     % Set Initial theta  
%     initial_theta = zeros(n + 1, 1);  
%       
%     % Set options for fminunc  
%     options = optimset('GradObj', 'on', 'MaxIter', 50);  
%   
%     % Run fmincg to obtain the optimal theta  
%     % This function will return theta and the cost   
%     [theta] = ...  
%         fmincg (@(t)(lrCostFunction(t, X, (y == c), lambda)), ...  
%                 initial_theta, options);  
%  
for k=1:num_labels  
    initial_theta = zeros(n + 1, 1);  
    options = optimset('GradObj', 'on', 'MaxIter', 50);  
    [theta] = fmincg (@(t)(lrCostFunction(t, X, (y == k), lambda)),initial_theta, options);  
    all_theta(k,:) = theta';  
end  









% =========================================================================  


end  

3、One-vs-all Prediction

function p = predictOneVsAll(all_theta, X)  
%PREDICT Predict the label for a trained one-vs-all classifier. The labels   
%are in the range 1..K, where K = size(all_theta, 1).   
%  p = PREDICTONEVSALL(all_theta, X) will return a vector of predictions  
%  for each example in the matrix X. Note that X contains the examples in  
%  rows. all_theta is a matrix where the i-th row is a trained logistic  
%  regression theta vector for the i-th class. You should set p to a vector  
%  of values from 1..K (e.g., p = [1; 3; 1; 2] predicts classes 1, 3, 1, 2  
%  for 4 examples)   

m = size(X, 1);  
num_labels = size(all_theta, 1);  

% You need to return the following variables correctly   
p = zeros(size(X, 1), 1);  

% Add ones to the X data matrix  
X = [ones(m, 1) X];  

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================  
% Instructions: Complete the following code to make predictions using  
%               your learned logistic regression parameters (one-vs-all).  
%               You should set p to a vector of predictions (from 1 to  
%               num_labels).  
%  
% Hint: This code can be done all vectorized using the max function.  
%       In particular, the max function can also return the index of the   
%       max element, for more information see 'help max'. If your examples   
%       are in rows, then, you can use max(A, [], 2) to obtain the max   
%       for each row.  
%         
[c,i] = max(sigmoid(X * all_theta'), [], 2);  
p = i;  




% =========================================================================  


end  

4、Neural Networks Model representation

function p = predict(Theta1, Theta2, X)  
%PREDICT Predict the label of an input given a trained neural network  
%   p = PREDICT(Theta1, Theta2, X) outputs the predicted label of X given the  
%   trained weights of a neural network (Theta1, Theta2)  

% Useful values  
m = size(X, 1);  
num_labels = size(Theta2, 1);  

% You need to return the following variables correctly   
p = zeros(size(X, 1), 1);  

% ====================== YOUR CODE HERE ======================  
% Instructions: Complete the following code to make predictions using  
%               your learned neural network. You should set p to a   
%               vector containing labels between 1 to num_labels.  
%  
% Hint: The max function might come in useful. In particular, the max  
%       function can also return the index of the max element, for more  
%       information see 'help max'. If your examples are in rows, then, you  
%       can use max(A, [], 2) to obtain the max for each row.  
%  

X = [ones(m, 1) X];  
z2 = Theta1 * X';  
a2 = sigmoid(z2);  
a2 = [ones(1, m);a2];  
z3 = Theta2 * a2;  
a3 = sigmoid(z3);  
output =a3';  
[c,i] = max(output, [], 2);  
p = i;  

% =========================================================================  


end