java中常用的对称加密与非对称加密

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 11:35:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-30 11:35:36 发布

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特殊说明

所有的算法都有main方法，可直接运行

对称机密

同一个秘钥
在这里插入图片描述

DES

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

/**
 * 对称加密 【DES】
 * 
 * @author it
 */
public class DESUtil {
	private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "DES";
	private static final String DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "DES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";// 默认的加密算法

	/**
	 * DES 加密操作
	 * 
	 * @return 返回Base64转码后的加密数据
	 */
	public static String encrypt(String content, String key) {
		try {
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);// 创建密码器

			byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");

			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, getSecretKey(key));// 初始化为加密模式的密码器

			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);// 加密

			return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(result);// 通过Base64转码返回
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(DESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * DES 解密操作
	 */
	public static String decrypt(String content, String key) {

		try {
			// 实例化
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);

			// 使用密钥初始化，设置为解密模式
			cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, getSecretKey(key));

			// 执行操作
			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(content));

			return new String(result, "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(DESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 生成加密秘钥
	 *
	 * @return
	 */
	private static SecretKeySpec getSecretKey(final String key) {
		// 返回生成指定算法密钥生成器的 KeyGenerator 对象
		KeyGenerator kg = null;

		try {
			kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);

			// DES 要求密钥长度为 56
			kg.init(56, new SecureRandom(key.getBytes()));

			// 生成一个密钥
			SecretKey secretKey = kg.generateKey();

			return new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), KEY_ALGORITHM);// 转换为DES专用密钥
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(DESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String content = "hello,您好，李四，我喜欢你，这个内容加密了，别人不知道的";
		String key = "sde@5f98H*^hsff%dfs$r344&df8543*er";
		System.out.println("原始内容:" + content);
		String s1 = DESUtil.encrypt(content, key);
		System.out.println("加密后:" + s1);
		System.out.println("解密后:" + DESUtil.decrypt(s1, key));
	}
}

3DES

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

/**
 * 对称加密 【3DES】
 * 
 * @author it
 */
public class TripDESUtil {
	private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "DESede";
	private static final String DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "DESede/ECB/PKCS5Padding";// 默认的加密算法

	/**
	 * DESede 加密操作
	 * 
	 * @return 返回Base64转码后的加密数据
	 */
	public static String encrypt(String content, String key) {
		try {
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);// 创建密码器

			byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");

			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, getSecretKey(key));// 初始化为加密模式的密码器

			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);// 加密

			return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(result);// 通过Base64转码返回
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(TripDESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * DESede 解密操作
	 */
	public static String decrypt(String content, String key) {

		try {
			// 实例化
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);

			// 使用密钥初始化，设置为解密模式
			cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, getSecretKey(key));

			// 执行操作
			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(content));

			return new String(result, "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(TripDESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 生成加密秘钥
	 */
	private static SecretKeySpec getSecretKey(final String key) {
		// 返回生成指定算法密钥生成器的 KeyGenerator 对象
		KeyGenerator kg = null;

		try {
			kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);

			// DESede
			kg.init(new SecureRandom(key.getBytes()));

			// 生成一个密钥
			SecretKey secretKey = kg.generateKey();

			return new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), KEY_ALGORITHM);// 转换为DESede专用密钥
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(TripDESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String content = "hello,您好，李四，我喜欢你，这个内容加密了，别人不知道的";
		String key = "sde@5f98H*^hsff%dfs$r344&df8543*er";
		System.out.println("原始内容:" + content);
		String s1 = TripDESUtil.encrypt(content, key);
		System.out.println("加密后:" + s1);
		System.out.println("解密后:" + TripDESUtil.decrypt(s1, key));
	}
}

AES

import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.SecureRandom;
import java.util.Base64;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

/**
 * 对称加密 【AES】
 * 
 * @author it
 */
public class AESUtil {
	private static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "AES";
	private static final String DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";// 默认的加密算法

	/**
	 * AES 加密操作
	 * 
	 * @return 返回Base64转码后的加密数据
	 */
	public static String encrypt(String content, String key) {
		try {
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);// 创建密码器

			byte[] byteContent = content.getBytes("utf-8");

			cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, getSecretKey(key));// 初始化为加密模式的密码器

			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(byteContent);// 加密

			return Base64.getEncoder().encodeToString(result);// 通过Base64转码返回
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(AESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * AES 解密操作
	 */
	public static String decrypt(String content, String key) {

		try {
			// 实例化
			Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(DEFAULT_CIPHER_ALGORITHM);

			// 使用密钥初始化，设置为解密模式
			cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, getSecretKey(key));

			// 执行操作
			byte[] result = cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(content));

			return new String(result, "utf-8");
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(AESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	/**
	 * 生成加密秘钥
	 */
	private static SecretKeySpec getSecretKey(final String key) {
		// 返回生成指定算法密钥生成器的 KeyGenerator 对象
		KeyGenerator kg = null;

		try {
			kg = KeyGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);

			// AES 要求密钥长度为 128
			kg.init(128, new SecureRandom(key.getBytes()));

			// 生成一个密钥
			SecretKey secretKey = kg.generateKey();

			return new SecretKeySpec(secretKey.getEncoded(), KEY_ALGORITHM);// 转换为AES专用密钥
		} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
			Logger.getLogger(AESUtil.class.getName()).log(Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
		}

		return null;
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String content = "hello,您好，李四，我喜欢你，这个内容加密了，别人不知道的";
		String key = "sde@5f98H*^hsff%dfs$r344&df8543*er";
		System.out.println("原始内容:" + content);
		String s1 = AESUtil.encrypt(content, key);
		System.out.println("加密后:" + s1);
		System.out.println("解密后:" + AESUtil.decrypt(s1, key));
	}
}

非对称机密

在这里插入图片描述

RSA

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.security.Key;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.security.Signature;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPrivateKey;
import java.security.interfaces.RSAPublicKey;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.security.spec.X509EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;

/**
 * <p>
 * RSA公钥/私钥/签名工具包
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * 罗纳德·李维斯特（Ron [R]ivest）、阿迪·萨莫尔（Adi [S]hamir）和伦纳德·阿德曼（Leonard [A]dleman）
 * </p>
 * <p>
 * 字符串格式的密钥在未在特殊说明情况下都为BASE64编码格式<br/>
 * 由于非对称加密速度极其缓慢，一般文件不使用它来加密而是使用对称加密，<br/>
 * 非对称加密算法可以用来对对称加密的密钥加密，这样保证密钥的安全也就保证了数据的安全
 * </p>
 * 
 */
public class RSAUtils {

	/**
	 * 加密算法RSA
	 */
	public static final String KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

	/**
	 * 签名算法
	 */
	public static final String SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM = "MD5withRSA";

	/**
	 * 获取公钥的key
	 */
	private static final String PUBLIC_KEY = "RSAPublicKey";

	/**
	 * 获取私钥的key
	 */
	private static final String PRIVATE_KEY = "RSAPrivateKey";

	/**
	 * RSA最大加密明文大小
	 */
	private static final int MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK = 117;

	/**
	 * RSA最大解密密文大小
	 */
	private static final int MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK = 128;

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 用私钥对信息生成数字签名
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param data
	 *            已加密数据
	 * @param privateKey
	 *            私钥(BASE64编码)
	 *
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String sign(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
		byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
		KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		PrivateKey privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
		Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
		signature.initSign(privateK);
		signature.update(data);
		return Base64Utils.encode(signature.sign());
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 校验数字签名
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param data
	 *            已加密数据
	 * @param publicKey
	 *            公钥(BASE64编码)
	 * @param sign
	 *            数字签名
	 *
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 *
	 */
	public static boolean verify(byte[] data, String publicKey, String sign) throws Exception {
		byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
		X509EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
		KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		PublicKey publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(keySpec);
		Signature signature = Signature.getInstance(SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM);
		signature.initVerify(publicK);
		signature.update(data);
		return signature.verify(Base64Utils.decode(sign));
	}

	/**
	 * <P>
	 * 私钥解密
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param encryptedData
	 *            已加密数据
	 * @param privateKey
	 *            私钥(BASE64编码)
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] decryptByPrivateKey(byte[] encryptedData, String privateKey) throws Exception {
		byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
		KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateK);
		int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
		ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int offSet = 0;
		byte[] cache;
		int i = 0;
		// 对数据分段解密
		while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
			if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
			} else {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
			}
			out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
			i++;
			offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
		}
		byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
		out.close();
		return decryptedData;
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 公钥解密
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param encryptedData
	 *            已加密数据
	 * @param publicKey
	 *            公钥(BASE64编码)
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] decryptByPublicKey(byte[] encryptedData, String publicKey) throws Exception {
		byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
		X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
		KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, publicK);
		int inputLen = encryptedData.length;
		ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int offSet = 0;
		byte[] cache;
		int i = 0;
		// 对数据分段解密
		while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
			if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK) {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK);
			} else {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(encryptedData, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
			}
			out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
			i++;
			offSet = i * MAX_DECRYPT_BLOCK;
		}
		byte[] decryptedData = out.toByteArray();
		out.close();
		return decryptedData;
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 公钥加密
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param data
	 *            源数据
	 * @param publicKey
	 *            公钥(BASE64编码)
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] encryptByPublicKey(byte[] data, String publicKey) throws Exception {
		byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(publicKey);
		X509EncodedKeySpec x509KeySpec = new X509EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
		KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		Key publicK = keyFactory.generatePublic(x509KeySpec);
		// 对数据加密
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicK);
		int inputLen = data.length;
		ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int offSet = 0;
		byte[] cache;
		int i = 0;
		// 对数据分段加密
		while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
			if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
			} else {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
			}
			out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
			i++;
			offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
		}
		byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
		out.close();
		return encryptedData;
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 私钥加密
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param data
	 *            源数据
	 * @param privateKey
	 *            私钥(BASE64编码)
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static byte[] encryptByPrivateKey(byte[] data, String privateKey) throws Exception {
		byte[] keyBytes = Base64Utils.decode(privateKey);
		PKCS8EncodedKeySpec pkcs8KeySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(keyBytes);
		KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		Key privateK = keyFactory.generatePrivate(pkcs8KeySpec);
		Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(keyFactory.getAlgorithm());
		cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, privateK);
		int inputLen = data.length;
		ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		int offSet = 0;
		byte[] cache;
		int i = 0;
		// 对数据分段加密
		while (inputLen - offSet > 0) {
			if (inputLen - offSet > MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK) {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK);
			} else {
				cache = cipher.doFinal(data, offSet, inputLen - offSet);
			}
			out.write(cache, 0, cache.length);
			i++;
			offSet = i * MAX_ENCRYPT_BLOCK;
		}
		byte[] encryptedData = out.toByteArray();
		out.close();
		return encryptedData;
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 生成密钥对(公钥和私钥)
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static Map<String, Object> genKeyPair() throws Exception {
		KeyPairGenerator keyPairGen = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KEY_ALGORITHM);
		keyPairGen.initialize(1024);
		KeyPair keyPair = keyPairGen.generateKeyPair();
		RSAPublicKey publicKey = (RSAPublicKey) keyPair.getPublic();
		RSAPrivateKey privateKey = (RSAPrivateKey) keyPair.getPrivate();
		Map<String, Object> keyMap = new HashMap<String, Object>(2);
		keyMap.put(PUBLIC_KEY, publicKey);
		keyMap.put(PRIVATE_KEY, privateKey);
		return keyMap;
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 获取私钥
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param keyMap
	 *            密钥对
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String getPrivateKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception {
		Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PRIVATE_KEY);
		return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
	}

	/**
	 * <p>
	 * 获取公钥
	 * </p>
	 *
	 * @param keyMap
	 *            密钥对
	 * @return
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public static String getPublicKey(Map<String, Object> keyMap) throws Exception {
		Key key = (Key) keyMap.get(PUBLIC_KEY);
		return Base64Utils.encode(key.getEncoded());
	}

	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		Map<String, Object> keyPairs = RSAUtils.genKeyPair();
		String privateKey = RSAUtils.getPrivateKey(keyPairs);
		String publicKey = RSAUtils.getPublicKey(keyPairs);

		System.out.println("私钥：" + privateKey);
		System.out.println("公钥：" + publicKey);

		// 公钥加密，私钥解密
		String content = "hello,您好，李四，我喜欢你，这个内容加密了，别人不知道的";
		byte[] encryptedData = RSAUtils.encryptByPublicKey(content.getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()), publicKey);
		byte[] decryptedData = RSAUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(encryptedData, privateKey);
		System.out.println(new String(decryptedData));

		// 数字签名验证
		// 私钥签名，生产一个key
		String sign = RSAUtils.sign(encryptedData, privateKey);
		// 公钥验证
		boolean verify = RSAUtils.verify(encryptedData, publicKey, sign);
		System.out.println("内容是否安全：" + verify);

		// 私钥加密，公钥解密
		content = "滚你妈的";
		byte[] encryptedData2 = RSAUtils.encryptByPrivateKey(content.getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset()), privateKey);
		byte[] decryptedData2 = RSAUtils.decryptByPublicKey(encryptedData2, publicKey);
		System.out.println(new String(decryptedData2));
	}
}

附加工具类base64

import java.util.Base64;

public class Base64Utils {

    /**
     * <p>
     * BASE64字符串解码为二进制数据
     * </p>
     *
     * @param base64
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static byte[] decode(String base64) throws Exception {
        return Base64.getDecoder().decode(base64.getBytes());
    }

    /**
     * <p>
     * 二进制数据编码为BASE64字符串
     * </p>
     *
     * @param bytes
     * @return
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public static String encode(byte[] bytes) throws Exception {
		return new String(Base64.getEncoder().encode(bytes));
    }
}

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java中常用的对称加密与非对称加密

目录特殊说明对称机密DES3DESAES非对称机密RSA特殊说明所有的算法都有main方法，可直接运行对称机密同一个秘钥DESimport java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;import java.security.SecureRandom;import java.util.Base64;import java.util.loggin...
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