stm32专题二十四：ADC 标准库函数分析

ADC初始化结构体：

typedef struct
{
  uint32_t ADC_Mode;                      /*!< Configures the ADC to operate in independent or
                                               dual mode. 
                                               This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_mode */

  FunctionalState ADC_ScanConvMode;       /*!< Specifies whether the conversion is performed in
                                               Scan (multichannels) or Single (one channel) mode.
                                               This parameter can be set to ENABLE or DISABLE */

  FunctionalState ADC_ContinuousConvMode; /*!< Specifies whether the conversion is performed in
                                               Continuous or Single mode.
                                               This parameter can be set to ENABLE or DISABLE. */

  uint32_t ADC_ExternalTrigConv;          /*!< Defines the external trigger used to start the analog
                                               to digital conversion of regular channels. This parameter
                                               can be a value of @ref ADC_external_trigger_sources_for_regular_channels_conversion */

  uint32_t ADC_DataAlign;                 /*!< Specifies whether the ADC data alignment is left or right.
                                               This parameter can be a value of @ref ADC_data_align */

  uint8_t ADC_NbrOfChannel;               /*!< Specifies the number of ADC channels that will be converted
                                               using the sequencer for regular channel group.
                                               This parameter must range from 1 to 16. */
}ADC_InitTypeDef;

（1）ADC模式： 一般选择独立模式；

/** @defgroup ADC_mode 
  * @{
  */

// 独立模式，最为常用
#define ADC_Mode_Independent                       ((uint32_t)0x00000000)
// 剩下的都是双ADC模式，包括同步、交叉、交替、混合等，不常用
#define ADC_Mode_RegInjecSimult                    ((uint32_t)0x00010000)
#define ADC_Mode_RegSimult_AlterTrig               ((uint32_t)0x00020000)
#define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult_FastInterl            ((uint32_t)0x00030000)
#define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult_SlowInterl            ((uint32_t)0x00040000)
#define ADC_Mode_InjecSimult                       ((uint32_t)0x00050000)
#define ADC_Mode_RegSimult                         ((uint32_t)0x00060000)
#define ADC_Mode_FastInterl                        ((uint32_t)0x00070000)
#define ADC_Mode_SlowInterl                        ((uint32_t)0x00080000)
#define ADC_Mode_AlterTrig                         ((uint32_t)0x00090000)

（2）ADC扫描模式：单通道 AD转换使用 DISABLE，多通道 AD转换使用 ENABLE；

（3）ADC连续转换：一般都会启用；

（4）外部触发选择：一般选择软件触发，也可以使用定时器触发 or 外部中断事件触发；

（5）ADC数据对齐：右对齐；

（6）ADC转换通道数量；

常用的标准固件库函数：

（1）ADC初始化函数

// 初始化ADC
void ADC_Init(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, ADC_InitTypeDef* ADC_InitStruct);

（2）ADC时钟设置函数（设置分频系数），通常设置为6分频，ADCCLK = 12MHz

/**
  * @brief  Configures the ADC clock (ADCCLK).
  * @param  RCC_PCLK2: defines the ADC clock divider. This clock is derived from 
  *   the APB2 clock (PCLK2).
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div2: ADC clock = PCLK2/2
  *     @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div4: ADC clock = PCLK2/4
  *     @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div6: ADC clock = PCLK2/6
  *     @arg RCC_PCLK2_Div8: ADC clock = PCLK2/8
  * @retval None
  */
void RCC_ADCCLKConfig(uint32_t RCC_PCLK2)
{
  uint32_t tmpreg = 0;
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_RCC_ADCCLK(RCC_PCLK2));
  tmpreg = RCC->CFGR;
  /* Clear ADCPRE[1:0] bits */
  tmpreg &= CFGR_ADCPRE_Reset_Mask;
  /* Set ADCPRE[1:0] bits according to RCC_PCLK2 value */
  tmpreg |= RCC_PCLK2;
  /* Store the new value */
  RCC->CFGR = tmpreg;
}

（3）ADC规则通道配置函数（配置通道、转换顺序、采样周期）

/**
  * @brief  Configures for the selected ADC regular channel its corresponding
  *         rank in the sequencer and its sample time.
  * @param  ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
  * @param  ADC_Channel: the ADC channel to configure. 
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_0: ADC Channel0 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_1: ADC Channel1 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_2: ADC Channel2 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_3: ADC Channel3 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_4: ADC Channel4 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_5: ADC Channel5 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_6: ADC Channel6 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_7: ADC Channel7 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_8: ADC Channel8 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_9: ADC Channel9 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_10: ADC Channel10 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_11: ADC Channel11 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_12: ADC Channel12 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_13: ADC Channel13 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_14: ADC Channel14 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_15: ADC Channel15 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_16: ADC Channel16 selected
  *     @arg ADC_Channel_17: ADC Channel17 selected
  * @param  Rank: The rank in the regular group sequencer. This parameter must be between 1 to 16.
  * @param  ADC_SampleTime: The sample time value to be set for the selected channel. 
  *   This parameter can be one of the following values:
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_1Cycles5: Sample time equal to 1.5 cycles
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_7Cycles5: Sample time equal to 7.5 cycles
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_13Cycles5: Sample time equal to 13.5 cycles
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_28Cycles5: Sample time equal to 28.5 cycles	
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_41Cycles5: Sample time equal to 41.5 cycles	
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_55Cycles5: Sample time equal to 55.5 cycles	
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_71Cycles5: Sample time equal to 71.5 cycles	
  *     @arg ADC_SampleTime_239Cycles5: Sample time equal to 239.5 cycles	
  * @retval None
  */
void ADC_RegularChannelConfig(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, uint8_t ADC_Channel, uint8_t Rank, uint8_t ADC_SampleTime)
{
  uint32_t tmpreg1 = 0, tmpreg2 = 0;
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_ADC_ALL_PERIPH(ADCx));
  assert_param(IS_ADC_CHANNEL(ADC_Channel));
  assert_param(IS_ADC_REGULAR_RANK(Rank));
  assert_param(IS_ADC_SAMPLE_TIME(ADC_SampleTime));
  /* if ADC_Channel_10 ... ADC_Channel_17 is selected */
  if (ADC_Channel > ADC_Channel_9)
  {
    /* Get the old register value */
    tmpreg1 = ADCx->SMPR1;
    /* Calculate the mask to clear */
    tmpreg2 = SMPR1_SMP_Set << (3 * (ADC_Channel - 10));
    /* Clear the old channel sample time */
    tmpreg1 &= ~tmpreg2;
    /* Calculate the mask to set */
    tmpreg2 = (uint32_t)ADC_SampleTime << (3 * (ADC_Channel - 10));
    /* Set the new channel sample time */
    tmpreg1 |= tmpreg2;
    /* Store the new register value */
    ADCx->SMPR1 = tmpreg1;
  }
  else /* ADC_Channel include in ADC_Channel_[0..9] */
  {
    /* Get the old register value */
    tmpreg1 = ADCx->SMPR2;
    /* Calculate the mask to clear */
    tmpreg2 = SMPR2_SMP_Set << (3 * ADC_Channel);
    /* Clear the old channel sample time */
    tmpreg1 &= ~tmpreg2;
    /* Calculate the mask to set */
    tmpreg2 = (uint32_t)ADC_SampleTime << (3 * ADC_Channel);
    /* Set the new channel sample time */
    tmpreg1 |= tmpreg2;
    /* Store the new register value */
    ADCx->SMPR2 = tmpreg1;
  }
  /* For Rank 1 to 6 */
  if (Rank < 7)
  {
    /* Get the old register value */
    tmpreg1 = ADCx->SQR3;
    /* Calculate the mask to clear */
    tmpreg2 = SQR3_SQ_Set << (5 * (Rank - 1));
    /* Clear the old SQx bits for the selected rank */
    tmpreg1 &= ~tmpreg2;
    /* Calculate the mask to set */
    tmpreg2 = (uint32_t)ADC_Channel << (5 * (Rank - 1));
    /* Set the SQx bits for the selected rank */
    tmpreg1 |= tmpreg2;
    /* Store the new register value */
    ADCx->SQR3 = tmpreg1;
  }
  /* For Rank 7 to 12 */
  else if (Rank < 13)
  {
    /* Get the old register value */
    tmpreg1 = ADCx->SQR2;
    /* Calculate the mask to clear */
    tmpreg2 = SQR2_SQ_Set << (5 * (Rank - 7));
    /* Clear the old SQx bits for the selected rank */
    tmpreg1 &= ~tmpreg2;
    /* Calculate the mask to set */
    tmpreg2 = (uint32_t)ADC_Channel << (5 * (Rank - 7));
    /* Set the SQx bits for the selected rank */
    tmpreg1 |= tmpreg2;
    /* Store the new register value */
    ADCx->SQR2 = tmpreg1;
  }
  /* For Rank 13 to 16 */
  else
  {
    /* Get the old register value */
    tmpreg1 = ADCx->SQR1;
    /* Calculate the mask to clear */
    tmpreg2 = SQR1_SQ_Set << (5 * (Rank - 13));
    /* Clear the old SQx bits for the selected rank */
    tmpreg1 &= ~tmpreg2;
    /* Calculate the mask to set */
    tmpreg2 = (uint32_t)ADC_Channel << (5 * (Rank - 13));
    /* Set the SQx bits for the selected rank */
    tmpreg1 |= tmpreg2;
    /* Store the new register value */
    ADCx->SQR1 = tmpreg1;
  }
}

（4）ADC使能函数（打开ADON位）

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the specified ADC peripheral.
  * @param  ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the ADCx peripheral.
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void ADC_Cmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_ADC_ALL_PERIPH(ADCx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Set the ADON bit to wake up the ADC from power down mode */
    ADCx->CR2 |= CR2_ADON_Set;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected ADC peripheral */
    ADCx->CR2 &= CR2_ADON_Reset;
  }
}

（5）ADC软件触发开始函数（其实就是设置 SWSTART 位）

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the selected ADC software start conversion .
  * @param  ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the selected ADC software start conversion.
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void ADC_SoftwareStartConvCmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_ADC_ALL_PERIPH(ADCx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected ADC conversion on external event and start the selected
       ADC conversion */
    ADCx->CR2 |= CR2_EXTTRIG_SWSTART_Set;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected ADC conversion on external event and stop the selected
       ADC conversion */
    ADCx->CR2 &= CR2_EXTTRIG_SWSTART_Reset;
  }
}

（5）ADC外部中断事件触发

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the ADCx conversion through external trigger.
  * @param  ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the selected ADC external trigger start of conversion.
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void ADC_ExternalTrigConvCmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_ADC_ALL_PERIPH(ADCx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected ADC conversion on external event */
    ADCx->CR2 |= CR2_EXTTRIG_Set;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected ADC conversion on external event */
    ADCx->CR2 &= CR2_EXTTRIG_Reset;
  }
}

（6）使能ADC - DMA

/**
  * @brief  Enables or disables the specified ADC DMA request.
  * @param  ADCx: where x can be 1 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
  *   Note: ADC2 hasn't a DMA capability.
  * @param  NewState: new state of the selected ADC DMA transfer.
  *   This parameter can be: ENABLE or DISABLE.
  * @retval None
  */
void ADC_DMACmd(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx, FunctionalState NewState)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_ADC_DMA_PERIPH(ADCx));
  assert_param(IS_FUNCTIONAL_STATE(NewState));
  if (NewState != DISABLE)
  {
    /* Enable the selected ADC DMA request */
    ADCx->CR2 |= CR2_DMA_Set;
  }
  else
  {
    /* Disable the selected ADC DMA request */
    ADCx->CR2 &= CR2_DMA_Reset;
  }
}

（7）读取规则通道的值

/**
  * @brief  Returns the last ADCx conversion result data for regular channel.
  * @param  ADCx: where x can be 1, 2 or 3 to select the ADC peripheral.
  * @retval The Data conversion value.
  */
uint16_t ADC_GetConversionValue(ADC_TypeDef* ADCx)
{
  /* Check the parameters */
  assert_param(IS_ADC_ALL_PERIPH(ADCx));
  /* Return the selected ADC conversion value */
  return (uint16_t) ADCx->DR;
}