树莓派 zero w 4.19 内核头文件安装方法

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-01 10:22:00 发布

东写西Do

最新推荐文章于 2023-08-01 10:22:00 发布

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分类专栏： raspberrypi 文章标签：内核 linux arm 经验分享 github

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/dxxdxxd/article/details/108302135

版权

本文详细介绍了如何在树莓派Zero w上手动安装4.19.118内核头文件，包括遇到的问题、解决步骤以及成功验证的方法，适合需要降级内核编译项目的读者参考。

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树莓派Zero w 4.19 内核头文件安装方法

本文介绍了树莓派 zero w 系统安装内核头文件的方法，理论上可以安装任意版本内核。文章介绍了起因，解决过程及结果，您也可以直接跳到文末看结论。

缘起

话说我为了安装M项目，将树莓派 zero w 内核手动降级到 4.19.118 版本，兴高采烈的去编译 M 项目，结果到最后依然出错，抱怨找不到头文件。

  APPLYING FLASHPATCHES gen/flashpatches.mk => brcmfmac43430-sdio.bin (details: log/flashpatches.log)
  APPLYING PATCHES gen/nexmon.mk => brcmfmac43430-sdio.bin (details: log/patches.log)
  BUILDING DRIVER for kernel 4.19 brcmfmac_4.19.y-nexmon/brcmfmac.ko (details: log/driver.log)
make[1]: *** /lib/modules/4.19.118+/build: No such file or directory.  Stop.
make: *** [Makefile:46: brcmfmac.ko] Error 2

手动检查头文件，果然不存在

$ ls /lib/modules/4.19.118+/build
ls: cannot access '/lib/modules/4.19.118+/build': No such file or directory

检查已安装的头文件，依然是 5.4.51-v7l

$ dpkg -S linux-headers
raspberrypi-kernel-headers: /usr/src/linux-headers-5.4.51+/arch/arm/mach-ixp4xx/Makefile
raspberrypi-kernel-headers: /usr/src/linux-headers-5.4.51-v7l+/drivers/phy/lantiq/Kconfig
raspberrypi-kernel-headers: /usr/src/linux-headers-5.4.51+/arch/x86/math-emu/Makefile
...

我只好又执行一遍安装指令，失败

sudo apt-get install --reinstall raspberrypi-kernel-headers
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 26.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspberrypi buster/main armhf raspberrypi-kernel-headers armhf 1.20200811-1 [26.2 MB]
Fetched 26.2 MB in 15s (1,704 kB/s)                                                                                                                        
(Reading database ... 213822 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../raspberrypi-kernel-headers_1.20200811-1_armhf.deb ...
Unpacking raspberrypi-kernel-headers (1.20200811-1) over (1.20200811-1) ...
Setting up raspberrypi-kernel-headers (1.20200811-1) ...
W: Operation was interrupted before it could finish

尝试明确指明头文件版本，未发现安装包

$ sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package linux-headers-4.19.118
E: Couldn't find any package by glob 'linux-headers-4.19.118'
E: Couldn't find any package by regex 'linux-headers-4.19.118'

全网搜索，终于找到手动安装内核头文件的方法，使用 rpi-source

$ sudo wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/notro/rpi-source/master/rpi-source -O /usr/local/bin/rpi-source && sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/rpi-source && /usr/local/bin/rpi-source -q --tag-update

 *** SoC: BCM2835
ERROR:
bc is NOT installed. Needed by 'make modules_prepare'. On Raspbian, run 'sudo apt-get install bc' to install it.

Help: https://github.com/notro/rpi-source/wiki

看起来缺少 bc 包，安装之

$ sudo apt-get install bc
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  bc
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 101 kB of archives.
After this operation, 220 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/raspbian/raspbian buster/main armhf bc armhf 1.07.1-2 [101 kB]
Fetched 101 kB in 0s (228 kB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package bc.
(Reading database ... 205567 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../archives/bc_1.07.1-2_armhf.deb ...
Unpacking bc (1.07.1-2) ...
Setting up bc (1.07.1-2) ...
Processing triggers for install-info (6.5.0.dfsg.1-4+b1) ...
Processing triggers for doc-base (0.10.8) ...
Processing 1 added doc-base file...
Processing triggers for man-db