进程绑定CPU核简单学习

把一个或多个进/线程绑定到不相关的cpu核中，可以有效的减少线程在多个cpu里头切换，仅能运行在绑定的cpu核中。
那么cpu核被绑定后，是否意味着该核就只能被某个进程独占呢，显然是否定的。想想，如果4核的cpu，分4个不同的进程绑定了，那岂不是其他进程就无法运行了？ 所有绑核仅仅是为了使进程在某个核中运行，而不是禁止其他进程使用该核。我们可以把多个进程绑定在同一个核中。

当然，我们应该把消耗高的进程绑定到不同的核中，这样可以提供性能，因为减少上下文的切换呀。
以下是一个绑核的例子，我们可以运行多次该例子，让多个进程绑定在同一个核。

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/sysinfo.h>
using namespace  std;


void func(int input_num) {
	cpu_set_t mask;
	cpu_set_t get; 

	printf("the thread is:%d\n", input_num);
	CPU_ZERO(&mask); 
	CPU_SET(input_num, &mask);  
	if (sched_setaffinity(0, sizeof(mask), &mask) == -1)
	{
		printf("warning: could not set CPU affinity, continuing...\n");
	}

	CPU_ZERO(&get);
	if (sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(get), &get) == -1)
	{
		printf("warning: cound not get thread affinity, continuing...\n");
	}
	for (unsigned i = 0; i < 4; i++)
	{
		if (CPU_ISSET(i, &get))
		{
			printf("this thread %d is running processor : %d\n", input_num, i);
		}
	}

	double aa = 10.123;
	double result[1028];
	for (unsigned int i = 1; ;++i)
	{
		result[i % 1024] = aa / i;
		if (i % 1000000000 == 0) {
			CPU_ZERO(&get);
			if (sched_getaffinity(0, sizeof(get), &get) == -1)
			{
				printf("warning: cound not get thread affinity, continuing...\n");
			}
			for (int tmp = 0; tmp < 4; tmp++)
			{
				if (CPU_ISSET(tmp, &get))
				{
					printf("this thread %d(%p) is running processor : %d\n", input_num, &input_num, tmp);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

int main() {

	thread aa = std::thread(func,3);
	thread bb = std::thread(func,2);
	//thread cc = std::thread(func,1);
	//thread dd = std::thread(func,0);
	cout << "hello world" << endl;
	aa.join();
	bb.join();
	//cc.join();
	//dd.join();
	return 0;
}

查看测试输出:

top - 13:55:06 up  5:09,  6 users,  load average: 2.00, 2.01, 1.99
Threads:   3 total,   2 running,   1 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 50.1 us,  0.1 sy,  0.0 ni, 49.8 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem :  2048272 total,    47324 free,   902628 used,  1098320 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  2097148 total,  1927248 free,   169900 used.  1011772 avail Mem 

   PID   PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND    P   TIME   SWAP 
  3449   20   0   31192   1096    916 R 99.9  0.1 247:33.88 main       3 247:33      0 
  3450   20   0   31192   1096    916 R 99.9  0.1 247:33.83 main       2 247:33      0 
  3448   20   0   31192   1096    916 S  0.0  0.1   0:00.00 main       0   0:00      0 

[df@localhost ~]$ taskset -c -p 3448
pid 3448's current affinity list: 0
[df@localhost ~]$ taskset -c -p 3449
pid 3449's current affinity list: 3
[df@localhost ~]$ taskset -c -p 3450
pid 3450's current affinity list: 2
[df@localhost ~]$ 

[df@localhost ~]$ top -H
top - 13:26:57 up  4:40,  6 users,  load average: 2.00, 2.01, 1.99
Threads: 431 total,   3 running, 428 sleeping,   0 stopped,   0 zombie
%Cpu(s): 50.8 us,  1.5 sy,  0.0 ni, 47.7 id,  0.0 wa,  0.0 hi,  0.0 si,  0.0 st
KiB Mem :  2048272 total,   286624 free,   832840 used,   928808 buff/cache
KiB Swap:  2097148 total,  1926024 free,   171124 used.  1121500 avail Mem 

   PID USER      PR  NI    VIRT    RES    SHR S %CPU %MEM     TIME+ COMMAND     
  3449 df+  	 20   0   31192   1096    916 R 99.9  0.1 219:25.35 main        
  3450 df+  	 20   0   31192   1096    916 R 93.8  0.1 219:25.30 main        
  4648 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  6.2  0.0   0:00.10 kworker/1:1 
  6317 df+  	 20   0  158000   2440   1500 R  6.2  0.1   0:00.01 top         
     1 root      20   0  190932   2848   1520 S  0.0  0.1   0:01.54 systemd     
     2 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kthreadd    
     3 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.42 ksoftirqd/0 
     5 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kworker/0:+ 
     7 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.01 migration/0 
     8 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 rcu_bh      
     9 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:01.19 rcu_sched   
    10 root      rt   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.05 watchdog/0  
    12 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kdevtmpfs   
    13 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 netns       
    14 root      20   0       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 khungtaskd  
    15 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 writeback   
    16 root       0 -20       0      0      0 S  0.0  0.0   0:00.00 kintegrityd

关于接口的更多说明，请看文章: Linux中CPU亲和性(affinity)