利用HAL库模拟IIC

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已于 2023-10-24 19:54:32 修改

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分类专栏：嵌入式开发文章标签： 1024程序员节 c语言单片机 stm32

于 2023-10-24 19:51:13 首次发布

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在HAL库项目开发过程中，偶尔会用到软件IIC。同时因为部分开发者认为硬件IIC会遇到问题，需要重置。

bsp_i2c_soft.h

#ifndef __BSP_I2C_SOFT_H
#define __BSP_I2C_SOFT_H
#include "stm32f4xx_hal.h"
#include "main.h"

// #define SCL_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
// #define SCL_PIN	 GPIO_PIN_6
// #define SDA_GPIO_PORT GPIOB
// #define SDA_PIN	 GPIO_PIN_7 


typedef enum  {
  IIC_OK           = 0x00,    //IIC工作正常
  IIC_WAIT_ACK_ERR = 0x01,    //slave设备返回ACK错误
  IIC_WRITE_ERR    = 0x02,    //向slave设备写入错误
  IIC_READ_ERR     = 0x04     //从slave设备读取错误
} IIC_STATUS;

typedef struct
{
  GPIO_TypeDef	*scl_port;		//定义IIC时钟使用的端口
  uint16_t			scl_pin;			//定义IIC时钟使用的PIN脚
  GPIO_TypeDef	*sda_port;   	//定义IIC数据使用的端口
  uint16_t			sda_pin;			//定义IIC数据使用的PIN脚
  uint8_t			sda_pin_num;   	//定义延时，以适应不同器件对速率的不同要求,具体值要在调试中确定
  uint8_t				addr;        	//器件地址
  uint32_t			delaytick;   	//定义延时，以适应不同器件对速率的不同要求,具体值要在调试中确定
}IIC_SOFT_TypeDef;

//IO方向设置
#define SDA_IN()  {SDA_GPIO_PORT->MODER&=~(3<<(7*2));SDA_GPIO_PORT->MODER|=0<<7*2;}	//PB7输入模式
#define SDA_OUT() {SDA_GPIO_PORT->MODER&=~(3<<(7*2));SDA_GPIO_PORT->MODER|=1<<7*2;} //PB7输出模式


#define		GPIO_WRITE_PIN(PORT,PIN,VALUE)	HAL_GPIO_WritePin(PORT,PIN,(VALUE)?GPIO_PIN_SET:GPIO_PIN_RESET)
#define		GPIO_READ_PIN(PORT,PIN)					HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(PORT,PIN)


//IIC所有操作函数
// void IIC_Init(  );                //初始化IIC的IO口				 

void IIC_Init(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);                //初始化IIC的IO口		

int IIC_READ_SDA_Pin(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);
int IIC_SDA_Mode_In(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);
int IIC_SDA_Mode_Out(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);

void IIC_Start(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);				//发送IIC开始信号
void IIC_Stop(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);	  			//发送IIC停止信号
void IIC_Send_Byte(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC,uint8_t txd);			//IIC发送一个字节
// uint8_t IIC_Read_Byte(unsigned char ack);//IIC读取一个字节
uint8_t IIC_Read_Byte( const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);//IIC读取一个字节
uint8_t IIC_Wait_Ack(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC); 				//IIC等待ACK信号
void IIC_Ack(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);					//IIC发送ACK信号
void IIC_NAck(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC);				//IIC不发送ACK信号


uint8_t IIC_Read_Test(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC,  uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t *buf, uint8_t len);
uint8_t IIC_Write_Test(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC , uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t *buf, uint8_t len);

 
#endif

bsp_i2c_soft.c

#include "bsp_i2c_soft.h"
#include "elog.h"
// #include "delay.h"
 
void IIC_Init(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC )
{
    GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_Initure;
    
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();   		// 使能GPIOB时钟

    //PB6  SCL PB7初始化设置
    GPIO_Initure.Pin	= pSoftIIC->scl_pin ;
    GPIO_Initure.Mode	= GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;  // 推挽输出
    GPIO_Initure.Pull	= GPIO_PULLUP;          // 上拉
    GPIO_Initure.Speed	= GPIO_SPEED_FAST;     // 快速
    HAL_GPIO_Init( pSoftIIC->scl_port, &GPIO_Initure );

    //  SDA PB7 初始化设置
    GPIO_Initure.Pin	= pSoftIIC->sda_pin;
    HAL_GPIO_Init( pSoftIIC->sda_port, &GPIO_Initure ); 
    
    GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);
    GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);  
}


int IIC_READ_SDA_Pin(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
    return HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(pSoftIIC->sda_port,pSoftIIC->sda_pin);
}

int IIC_SDA_Mode_In(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
    // 取针脚号 pin6 的值为 2^6
    // GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);
    pSoftIIC->sda_port->MODER&=~(3<<(pSoftIIC->sda_pin_num*2));
    pSoftIIC->sda_port->MODER|=0<<pSoftIIC->sda_pin_num*2;
}
int IIC_SDA_Mode_Out(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
    // GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);
    pSoftIIC->sda_port->MODER&=~(3<<(pSoftIIC->sda_pin_num*2));
    pSoftIIC->sda_port->MODER|=1<<pSoftIIC->sda_pin_num*2;
}
//产生IIC起始信号
void IIC_Start(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
	// SDA_OUT();//sda线输出
    IIC_SDA_Mode_Out( pSoftIIC); //sda线输出   
 
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);	  	  
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);
	delay_us(4);
 	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 0);		//START:when CLK is high,DATA change form high to low 
	delay_us(4);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);//钳住I2C总线，准备发送或接收数据 
}	 

//产生IIC停止信号
void IIC_Stop(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
	// SDA_OUT();//sda线输出
    IIC_SDA_Mode_Out( pSoftIIC); //sda线输出  

	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 0);//STOP:when CLK is high DATA change form low to high
 	delay_us(4);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1); 
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);//发送I2C总线结束信号
	delay_us(4);							   	
}
//等待应答信号到来
//返回值：1，接收应答失败
//        0，接收应答成功
uint8_t IIC_Wait_Ack(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
	uint8_t ucErrTime=0;
	// SDA_IN();      //SDA设置为输入  
    IIC_SDA_Mode_In( pSoftIIC); //SDA设置为输入  

	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);delay_us(1);	   
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);delay_us(1);	 
	while(IIC_READ_SDA_Pin(pSoftIIC))
	// while( READ_SDA() )
	{
		ucErrTime++;
		if(ucErrTime>250)
		{
			IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC);
			return 1;
		}
	}
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);//时钟输出0 	   
	return 0;  
} 
//产生ACK应答
void IIC_Ack(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);

	// SDA_OUT();//sda线输出
    IIC_SDA_Mode_Out( pSoftIIC); //sda线输出  

	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 0);
	delay_us(2);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);
	delay_us(2);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);
}
//不产生ACK应答		    
void IIC_NAck(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);

	// SDA_OUT();//sda线输出
    IIC_SDA_Mode_Out( pSoftIIC); //sda线输出  

	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, 1);
	delay_us(2);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);
	delay_us(2);
	GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);
}					 				     
//IIC发送一个字节
//返回从机有无应答
//1，有应答
//0，无应答			  
void IIC_Send_Byte(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC,uint8_t txd)
{                        
    uint8_t t;   
	// SDA_OUT();//sda线输出
    IIC_SDA_Mode_Out( pSoftIIC); //sda线输出  

    GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);//拉低时钟开始数据传输
    for(t=0;t<8;t++)
    {              
        // IIC_SDA=(txd&0x80)>>7;
        // IIC_SDA( (txd&0x80)>>7);
        GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->sda_port, pSoftIIC->sda_pin, (txd&0x80)>>7 );
        txd<<=1; 	  
		delay_us(2);   //对TEA5767这三个延时都是必须的
		GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);
		delay_us(2); 
		GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0);	
		delay_us(2);
    }	 
} 	    

uint8_t IIC_Read_Byte( const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC)
{
	unsigned char i,receive=0;

	// SDA_IN();      //SDA设置为输入  
    IIC_SDA_Mode_In( pSoftIIC); //SDA设置为输入  

    for(i=0;i<8;i++ )
	{
        GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 0); 
        delay_us(2);
		GPIO_WRITE_PIN(pSoftIIC->scl_port, pSoftIIC->scl_pin, 1);
        receive<<=1;
        if(IIC_READ_SDA_Pin(pSoftIIC))receive++;   
        // if( READ_SDA() )receive++;   

		delay_us(1); 
    }					 
 
    return receive;
}

 uint8_t IIC_Write_Test(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC , uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t *buf, uint8_t len)
 {
    IIC_Start(pSoftIIC);  
	IIC_Send_Byte(pSoftIIC,pSoftIIC->addr & 0xFE);
	if(IIC_Wait_Ack(pSoftIIC)) 	{ IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC); return -1;}; 

	IIC_Send_Byte(pSoftIIC,reg_addr);
	if(IIC_Wait_Ack(pSoftIIC)) 	{ IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC); return -1;}; 

	IIC_Send_Byte(pSoftIIC,*buf);
	if(IIC_Wait_Ack(pSoftIIC)) 	{ IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC); return -1;}; 

    IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC);//产生一个停止条件 
	// HAL_Delay( 200 );
	// delay_us(6000);
	return 0;
}

// 寄存器地址 8位置
uint8_t IIC_Read_Test(const IIC_SOFT_TypeDef *pSoftIIC, uint8_t reg_addr, uint8_t *buf, uint8_t len)
{
	uint8_t temp=0;		  	    																 
    IIC_Start(pSoftIIC);  
	
	IIC_Send_Byte(pSoftIIC,pSoftIIC->addr & 0xFE);
	if(IIC_Wait_Ack(pSoftIIC)) 	{ IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC); return -1;}; 

	IIC_Send_Byte(pSoftIIC,reg_addr);
	if(IIC_Wait_Ack(pSoftIIC)) 	{ IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC); return -1;}; 

	IIC_Start(pSoftIIC);  	  
	IIC_Send_Byte(pSoftIIC,pSoftIIC->addr |0x01);           //进入接收模式	
	if(IIC_Wait_Ack(pSoftIIC)) 	{ IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC); return -1;}; 

	for(int i=0; i<len-1; i++)
	{
		*buf=IIC_Read_Byte(pSoftIIC);
        IIC_Ack(pSoftIIC);  // 应答
        buf++;
	}
	*buf = IIC_Read_Byte(pSoftIIC);// 读非应答
	IIC_NAck(pSoftIIC);
	// if(IIC_Wait_Ack()) 	{ IIC_Stop(); return -1;}; 

	IIC_Stop(pSoftIIC);
	return 0;
}

在eeprom使用过程测试部分代码

    HAL_I2C_MspDeInit( &hi2c1 );
    uint8_t readout[256] = {0};
    uint8_t writein[1] = {0xFB};


    IIC_SOFT_TypeDef sIIC = {
         GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_6, GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_7,
         7,0xA0,1,
    };
    IIC_Init( &sIIC  );
 
     IIC_Write_Test( &sIIC,0xA0, 0, writein, 1 );
    HAL_Delay( 200 );

    IIC_Read_Test(&sIIC, 0xA0, 0, readout, 1 );

    log_i("iic test  %02X .... ", *readout);