1.导入模块:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
2.创建一个包含从0到4π范围内100个点的数组:
x = np.linspace(0, 4 * np.pi, 100)
3.计算x中每个值的正弦值和余弦值:
y_sin = np.sin(x)
y_cos = np.cos(x)
4.创建一个图表:
plt.figure()
5.绘制正弦曲线,使用红色表示:
plt.plot(x, y_sin, 'r')
6.绘制余弦曲线,使用蓝色表示:
plt.plot(x, y_cos, 'b')
7.设置图表的标题以及x和y轴的标签:
plt.title('Sine and Cosine Functions')
plt.xlabel('x')
plt.ylabel('y')
8.展示图表:
pit.show
完整示例如下:
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
x = np.linspace(-np.pi, np.pi, 256, endpoint=True)
y_cos, y_sin = np.cos(x), np.sin(x)
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
ax.plot(x, y_sin,'r', linewidth=1., label='Sin')
ax.plot(x, y_cos,'b', linewidth=1., alpha=0.7, label='Cos')
ax.set_title("正余弦图表")
ax.set_xticks([-np.pi, -np.pi/2, 0, np.pi/2, np.pi],
[r'$-\pi$', r'$-\pi/2$', r'$0$', r'$\pi/2$', r'$\pi$'])
ax.set_yticks([-1., -0.5, 0., 0.5, 1.])
ax.legend(loc='upper left')
ax.grid(b=True, axis='both')
ax.annotate("cos(1)", xy=(1, np.cos(1)), xytext=(np.pi/2.5, np.cos(0.7)), arrowprops={'arrowstyle':'->'})
mask = y_cos > y_sin
ax.fill_between(x, y_cos, y_sin, where=mask, color='g', alpha=0.3)
plt.show()