轴共享与区域布局

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

fig = plt.figure()

spec = gridspec.GridSpec(nrows=2, ncols=2, figure=fig)

ax1 = fig.add_subplot(spec[0,0]) 
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(spec[1,0]) 
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(spec[0,1]) 

plt.show()

1.导入所需模块：

%matplotlib auto
#弹出窗绘图模式（将绘制的图表以弹出窗口的形式显示，支持用户交互、多种图片储存格式）
 
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
 
#导入所需库

2.添加画布：

fig = plt.figure()

3.创建“区域规划图”实例：

spec = gridspec.GridSpec(nrows=2, ncols=2, figure=fig)

4.根据给定的Gridspec实例，创建对应的坐标系实例：

ax1 = fig.add_subplot(spec[0,0]) #二维数组的切片
#ax2 = fig.add_subplot(spec2[0,1]) 二维数组的索引
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(spec2[1,0]) 
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(spec2[0,1]) 

在Gridspec中使用width_ratios和height_ratios参数.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec

fig2 = plt.figure(constrained_layout=True)
widths = [2,3,1.5]
heights = [1,3,2]

spec2 = fig2.add_gridspec(ncols=3, nrows=3, width_ratios=widths, height_ratios=heights)

for row in range(3):
    for col in range(3):
        ax = fig2.add_subplot(spec2[row, col])
        label = 'Width: {}\nHeight: {}'.format(widths[col], heights[row])
        ax.annotate(label, (0.1, 0.5), xycoords='axes fraction', va='center')

plt.show()

精细调整Gridspec布局

%matplotlib auto
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.gridspec as gridspec
 
fig3 = plt.figure(constrained_layout=False)
gs1 = fig3.add_gridspec(nrows=3,ncols=3,left=0.05,right=0.48,wspace=0.05)
f3_ax1 = fig3.add_subplot(gs1[:-1,:])
f3_ax2 = fig3.add_subplot(gs1[-1,:-1])
f3_ax3 = fig3.add_subplot(gs1[-1,-1])
 
plt.show()