【大学物理】双语笔记

8.1 Describing oscillation(振动的描述)_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

 6.4Energy in Rotation Motion

有质量有速度的物体有动能，是不是很有道理

international system（from French systeme international，acronym，SI）of ineria kg*m^2

转动动能：物体由于运动所具有的能量

moment of inertia depends on the location and orientation of the axis

6.5Parallel-Axis Theorem平行轴定理

证明

6.6Moment of Inertia Calculation转动惯量的计算

7.2Law of Rotational Motion转动运动定律

Application

7.4Work and Power in Rotational Motion

定义

7.5角动量Angular Momentum

CH8 Periodic Motion：

8.1Describing oscillation

周期性运动：振动

我们的目标是：学习机械振动中的简谐振动

period，frequency，amplitude，angular frequency

8.2Sample Harrmonic Motion

Definition of SHM

when the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement from equilibrium ，the oscillation is called simple harmonic motion， abbreviated SHM.

a body that undergoes simple harmonic motion is called harmonic oscillator 谐振子

三种SHM（判断）

（图&）

SHM的运动方程

Displacement，Velocity，Acceleration

initial phase angle and phase angle初相位和相位

Phasor method for analyzing SHM

简谐运动的‘旋转矢量’分析法

simple harmonic motion is the projection of uniform circular motion onto a diameter直径

（图&return）

此时。我们也明白了为什么图&，使用Ω^2表示非负数k/m，表示非负数。Ω不是角速度的意思吗？是的，在矢量图中，对应为矢量phasor的角速度~

8.3 energy in sample harmonic motion

conclusion

￥（a）中putty和block之间有相对运动

8.4.applications of simple harmonic motion

vertical sample harmonic motion

the only difference is x=0 start from equilibrium vertically， but start when spring has no potential energy horizontally.

Angular sample harmonic motion

8.5 the sample pendulum单摆

8.6 the physical pendulum复摆，物理摆

extended body：大小不能忽略不计的物体

CH 9 Mechanical waves

自然界中的波可以分为三种：机械波，电磁波，物质波

物质波：德布罗意，粒子波动性->实际上是粒子波。

9.1 types of mechanical waves

声波是机械波~

definition

transverse wave横波

longitudinal wave纵波

combination  of longitudinal and transverse wave

地震

conclusion：

1in each case ，the disturbance travels or propagate传播with a definite speed through the medium and is called wave speed.

wave transport energy，but not matter物质，from one region to another

9.2periodic waves

it is just a pulse

periodic transverse waves

wavelength，period

同相位：in phase ，particles one wavelength apart move in phase with each other

反相位：particles half wavelength apart move out of phase with each other

￥wave speed

G,E,B有固体，液体，气体，自己本身决定

periodic longitudinal waves

9.3mathematical description of a wave（wave function）

波动方程，波函数。和振动方程motion function不一样！！！

wave number波矢