Kafka+Storm+HDFS整合实践

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-01 14:48:20 发布

eric509

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-01 14:48:20 发布

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分类专栏： hadoop 文章标签： java ui 大数据

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/eric509/article/details/84801800

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原文地址：http://shiyanjun.cn/archives/934.html

在基于Hadoop平台的很多应用场景中，我们需要对数据进行离线和实时分析，离线分析可以很容易地借助于Hive来实现统计分析，但是对于实时的需求Hive就不合适了。实时应用场景可以使用Storm，它是一个实时处理系统，它为实时处理类应用提供了一个计算模型，可以很容易地进行编程处理。为了统一离线和实时计算，一般情况下，我们都希望将离线和实时计算的数据源的集合统一起来作为输入，然后将数据的流向分别经由实时系统和离线分析系统，分别进行分析处理，这时我们可以考虑将数据源（如使用Flume收集日志）直接连接一个消息中间件，如Kafka，可以整合 Flume+Kafka，Flume作为消息的Producer，生产的消息数据（日志数据、业务请求数据等等）发布到Kafka中，然后通过订阅的方式，使用Storm的Topology作为消息的Consumer，在Storm集群中分别进行如下两个需求场景的处理：

直接使用Storm的Topology对数据进行实时分析处理
整合Storm+HDFS，将消息处理后写入HDFS进行离线分析处理

实时处理，只要开发满足业务需要的Topology即可，不做过多说明。这里，我们主要从安装配置Kafka、Storm，以及整合 Kafka+Storm、整合Storm+HDFS、整合Kafka+Storm+HDFS这几点来配置实践，满足上面提出的一些需求。配置实践使用的软件包如下所示：

zookeeper-3.4.5.tar.gz
kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1.tgz
apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating.tar.gz
hadoop-2.2.0.tar.gz

程序配置运行所基于的操作系统为CentOS 5.11。

Kafka安装配置

我们使用3台机器搭建Kafka集群：

 
168.4.142   h1
 
168.4.143   h2
 
168.4.144   h3

在安装Kafka集群之前，这里没有使用Kafka自带的Zookeeper，而是独立安装了一个Zookeeper集群，也是使用这3台机器，保证Zookeeper集群正常运行。
首先，在h1上准备Kafka安装文件，执行如下命令：

 
cd /usr/local/ 
 
    2wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/kafka/0.8.1.1/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1.tgz
 
tar xvzf kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1.tgz 
 
ln -s /usr/local/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1 /usr/local/kafka 
 
chown -R kafka:kafka /usr/local/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1 /usr/local/kafka

修改配置文件/usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties，修改如下内容：

 
    1broker.id=0
 
    2zookeeper.connect=h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181/kafka

这里需要说明的是，默认Kafka会使用ZooKeeper默认的/路径，这样有关Kafka的ZooKeeper配置就会散落在根路径下面，如果你有其他的应用也在使用ZooKeeper集群，查看ZooKeeper中数据可能会不直观，所以强烈建议指定一个chroot路径，直接在 zookeeper.connect配置项中指定：

`1`	`zookeeper.connect=h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181/kafka`

而且，需要手动在ZooKeeper中创建路径/kafka，使用如下命令连接到任意一台ZooKeeper服务器：

 
    1 cd /usr/local/zookeeper 
 
    2bin/zkCli.sh

在ZooKeeper执行如下命令创建chroot路径：

`1`	`create /kafka ''`

这样，每次连接Kafka集群的时候（使用--zookeeper选项），也必须使用带chroot路径的连接字符串，后面会看到。
然后，将配置好的安装文件同步到其他的h2、h3节点上：

 
scp -r /usr/local/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1/ h2:/usr/local/ 
 
scp -r /usr/local/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1/ h3:/usr/local/

最后，在h2、h3节点上配置，执行如下命令：

 
cd /usr/local/ 
 
ln -s /usr/local/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1 /usr/local/kafka 
 
chown -R kafka:kafka /usr/local/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1 /usr/local/kafka

并修改配置文件/usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties内容如下所示：

 
    1broker.id=1  # 在h1修改
 
    2 
 
    3broker.id=2  # 在h2修改

因为Kafka集群需要保证各个Broker的id在整个集群中必须唯一，需要调整这个配置项的值（如果在单机上，可以通过建立多个Broker进程来模拟分布式的Kafka集群，也需要Broker的id唯一，还需要修改一些配置目录的信息）。
在集群中的h1、h2、h3这三个节点上分别启动Kafka，分别执行如下命令：

`1`	`bin/kafka-server-start.sh /usr/local/kafka/config/server.properties &`

可以通过查看日志，或者检查进程状态，保证Kafka集群启动成功。
我们创建一个名称为my-replicated-topic5的Topic，5个分区，并且复制因子为3，执行如下命令：

 
    1bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181/kafka --replication-factor 3 --partitions 5 --topic my-replicated-topic5

查看创建的Topic，执行如下命令：

 
    1bin/kafka-topics.sh --describe --zookeeper h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181/kafka --topic my-replicated-topic5

结果信息如下所示：

 
    1Topic:my-replicated-topic5     PartitionCount:5     ReplicationFactor:3     Configs:
 
     Topic: my-replicated-topic5     Partition: 0     Leader: 0     Replicas: 0,2,1     Isr: 0,2,1 
 
     Topic: my-replicated-topic5     Partition: 1     Leader: 0     Replicas: 1,0,2     Isr: 0,2,1 
 
     Topic: my-replicated-topic5     Partition: 2     Leader: 2     Replicas: 2,1,0     Isr: 2,0,1 
 
     Topic: my-replicated-topic5     Partition: 3     Leader: 0     Replicas: 0,1,2     Isr: 0,2,1 
 
     Topic: my-replicated-topic5     Partition: 4     Leader: 2     Replicas: 1,2,0     Isr: 2,0,1

上面Leader、Replicas、Isr的含义如下：

 
    1Partition： 分区
 
    2Leader   ： 负责读写指定分区的节点
 
    3Replicas ： 复制该分区log的节点列表
 
    4Isr      ： "in-sync" replicas，当前活跃的副本列表（是一个子集），并且可能成为Leader

我们可以通过Kafka自带的bin/kafka-console-producer.sh和bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh脚本，来验证演示如果发布消息、消费消息。
在一个终端，启动Producer，并向我们上面创建的名称为my-replicated-topic5的Topic中生产消息，执行如下脚本：

 
    1bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list h1:9092,h2:9092,h3:9092 --topic my-replicated-topic5

在另一个终端，启动Consumer，并订阅我们上面创建的名称为my-replicated-topic5的Topic中生产的消息，执行如下脚本：

 
    1bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181/kafka --from-beginning --topic my-replicated-topic5

可以在Producer终端上输入字符串消息行，然后回车，就可以在Consumer终端上看到消费者消费的消息内容。
也可以参考Kafka的Producer和Consumer的Java API，通过API编码的方式来实现消息生产和消费的处理逻辑。

Storm安装配置

Storm集群也依赖Zookeeper集群，要保证Zookeeper集群正常运行。Storm的安装配置比较简单，我们仍然使用下面3台机器搭建：

 
168.4.142   h1
 
168.4.143   h2
 
168.4.144   h3

首先，在h1节点上，执行如下命令安装：

 
cd /usr/local/ 
 
wget http://mirror.bit.edu.cn/apache/incubator/storm/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating.tar.gz 
 
tar xvzf apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating.tar.gz 
 
ln -s /usr/local/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating /usr/local/storm 
 
chown -R storm:storm /usr/local/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating /usr/local/storm

然后，修改配置文件conf/storm.yaml，内容如下所示：

 
    01storm.zookeeper.servers:
 
    02      - "h1" 
 
    03      - "h2" 
 
    04      - "h3" 
 
    05storm.zookeeper.port: 2181
 
    06#
 
    07nimbus.host: "h1"
 
    08 
 
    09supervisor.slots.ports:
 
    10     - 6700 
 
    11     - 6701 
 
    12     - 6702 
 
    13     - 6703 
 
    14 
 
    15storm.local.dir: "/tmp/storm"

将配置好的安装文件，分发到其他节点上：

 
scp -r /usr/local/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating/ h2:/usr/local/ 
 
scp -r /usr/local/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating/ h3:/usr/local/

最后，在h2、h3节点上配置，执行如下命令：

 
cd /usr/local/ 
 
ln -s /usr/local/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating /usr/local/storm 
 
chown -R storm:storm /usr/local/apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating /usr/local/storm

Storm集群的主节点为Nimbus，从节点为Supervisor，我们需要在h1上启动Nimbus服务，在从节点h2、h3上启动Supervisor服务：

 
    1bin/storm nimbus &
 
    2bin/storm supervisor &

为了方便监控，可以启动Storm UI，可以从Web页面上监控Storm Topology的运行状态，例如在h2上启动：

`1`	`bin/storm ui &`

这样可以通过访问http://h2:8080/来查看Topology的运行状况。

整合Kafka+Storm

消息通过各种方式进入到Kafka消息中间件，比如可以通过使用Flume来收集日志数据，然后在Kafka中路由暂存，然后再由实时计算程序 Storm做实时分析，这时我们就需要将在Storm的Spout中读取Kafka中的消息，然后交由具体的Spot组件去分析处理。实际上，apache-storm-0.9.2-incubating这个版本的Storm已经自带了一个集成Kafka的外部插件程序storm- kafka，可以直接使用，例如我使用的Maven依赖配置，如下所示：

 
<dependency> 
 
     <groupId>org.apache.storm</groupId> 
 
     <artifactId>storm-core</artifactId> 
 
     <version>0.9.2-incubating</version> 
 
     <scope>provided</scope> 
 
</dependency> 
 
<dependency> 
 
     <groupId>org.apache.storm</groupId> 
 
     <artifactId>storm-kafka</artifactId> 
 
     <version>0.9.2-incubating</version> 
 
</dependency> 
 
<dependency> 
 
     <groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId> 
 
     <artifactId>kafka_2.9.2</artifactId> 
 
     <version>0.8.1.1</version> 
 
     <exclusions> 
 
          <exclusion> 
 
               <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId> 
 
               <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId> 
 
          </exclusion> 
 
          <exclusion> 
 
               <groupId>log4j</groupId> 
 
               <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> 
 
          </exclusion> 
 
     </exclusions> 
 
</dependency>

下面，我们开发了一个简单WordCount示例程序，从Kafka读取订阅的消息行，通过空格拆分出单个单词，然后再做词频统计计算，实现的Topology的代码，如下所示：

 
package org.shirdrn.storm.examples; 
 
    002 
 
import java.util.Arrays; 
 
import java.util.HashMap; 
 
import java.util.Iterator; 
 
import java.util.Map; 
 
import java.util.Map.Entry; 
 
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger; 
 
    009 
 
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; 
 
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; 
 
    012 
 
import storm.kafka.BrokerHosts; 
 
import storm.kafka.KafkaSpout; 
 
import storm.kafka.SpoutConfig; 
 
import storm.kafka.StringScheme; 
 
import storm.kafka.ZkHosts; 
 
import backtype.storm.Config; 
 
import backtype.storm.LocalCluster; 
 
import backtype.storm.StormSubmitter; 
 
import backtype.storm.generated.AlreadyAliveException; 
 
import backtype.storm.generated.InvalidTopologyException; 
 
import backtype.storm.spout.SchemeAsMultiScheme; 
 
import backtype.storm.task.OutputCollector; 
 
import backtype.storm.task.TopologyContext; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.OutputFieldsDeclarer; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.TopologyBuilder; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.base.BaseRichBolt; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Fields; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Tuple; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Values; 
 
    032 
 
public class MyKafkaTopology { 
 
    034 
 
     public static class KafkaWordSplitter extends BaseRichBolt { 
 
    036 
 
          private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(KafkaWordSplitter.class); 
 
          private static final long serialVersionUID = 886149197481637894L; 
 
          private OutputCollector collector; 
 
          
 
          @Override 
 
          public void prepare(Map stormConf, TopologyContext context, 
 
                    OutputCollector collector) { 
 
               this.collector = collector;               
 
          } 
 
    046 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void execute(Tuple input) { 
 
               String line = input.getString(0); 
 
               LOG.info("RECV[kafka -> splitter] " + line); 
 
               String[] words = line.split("\\s+"); 
 
               for(String word : words) { 
 
                    LOG.info("EMIT[splitter -> counter] " + word); 
 
                    collector.emit(input, new Values(word, 1)); 
 
               } 
 
               collector.ack(input); 
 
          } 
 
    058 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void declareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarer declarer) { 
 
               declarer.declare(new Fields("word", "count"));          
 
          } 
 
          
 
     } 
 
     
 
     public static class WordCounter extends BaseRichBolt { 
 
    067 
 
          private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(WordCounter.class); 
 
          private static final long serialVersionUID = 886149197481637894L; 
 
          private OutputCollector collector; 
 
          private Map<String, AtomicInteger> counterMap; 
 
          
 
          @Override 
 
          public void prepare(Map stormConf, TopologyContext context, 
 
                    OutputCollector collector) { 
 
               this.collector = collector;     
 
               this.counterMap = new HashMap<String, AtomicInteger>(); 
 
          } 
 
    079 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void execute(Tuple input) { 
 
               String word = input.getString(0); 
 
               int count = input.getInteger(1); 
 
               LOG.info("RECV[splitter -> counter] " + word + " : " + count); 
 
               AtomicInteger ai = this.counterMap.get(word); 
 
               if(ai == null) { 
 
                    ai = new AtomicInteger(); 
 
                    this.counterMap.put(word, ai); 
 
               } 
 
               ai.addAndGet(count); 
 
               collector.ack(input); 
 
               LOG.info("CHECK statistics map: " + this.counterMap); 
 
          } 
 
    094 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void cleanup() { 
 
               LOG.info("The final result:"); 
 
               Iterator<Entry<String, AtomicInteger>> iter = this.counterMap.entrySet().iterator(); 
 
               while(iter.hasNext()) { 
 
                    Entry<String, AtomicInteger> entry = iter.next(); 
 
                    LOG.info(entry.getKey() + "\t:\t" + entry.getValue().get()); 
 
               } 
 
               
 
          } 
 
    105 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void declareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarer declarer) { 
 
               declarer.declare(new Fields("word", "count"));          
 
          } 
 
     } 
 
     
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws AlreadyAliveException, InvalidTopologyException, InterruptedException { 
 
          String zks = "h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181"; 
 
          String topic = "my-replicated-topic5"; 
 
          String zkRoot = "/storm"; // default zookeeper root configuration for storm 
 
          String id = "word"; 
 
          
 
          BrokerHosts brokerHosts = new ZkHosts(zks); 
 
          SpoutConfig spoutConf = new SpoutConfig(brokerHosts, topic, zkRoot, id); 
 
          spoutConf.scheme = new SchemeAsMultiScheme(new StringScheme()); 
 
          spoutConf.forceFromStart = false; 
 
          spoutConf.zkServers = Arrays.asList(new String[] {"h1", "h2", "h3"}); 
 
          spoutConf.zkPort = 2181; 
 
          
 
          TopologyBuilder builder = new TopologyBuilder(); 
 
          builder.setSpout("kafka-reader", new KafkaSpout(spoutConf), 5); // Kafka我们创建了一个5分区的Topic，这里并行度设置为5 
 
          builder.setBolt("word-splitter", new KafkaWordSplitter(), 2).shuffleGrouping("kafka-reader"); 
 
          builder.setBolt("word-counter", new WordCounter()).fieldsGrouping("word-splitter", new Fields("word")); 
 
          
 
          Config conf = new Config(); 
 
          
 
          String name = MyKafkaTopology.class.getSimpleName(); 
 
          if (args != null && args.length > 0) { 
 
               // Nimbus host name passed from command line 
 
               conf.put(Config.NIMBUS_HOST, args[0]); 
 
               conf.setNumWorkers(3); 
 
               StormSubmitter.submitTopologyWithProgressBar(name, conf, builder.createTopology()); 
 
          } else { 
 
               conf.setMaxTaskParallelism(3); 
 
               LocalCluster cluster = new LocalCluster(); 
 
               cluster.submitTopology(name, conf, builder.createTopology()); 
 
               Thread.sleep(60000); 
 
               cluster.shutdown(); 
 
          } 
 
     } 
 
    146}

上面程序，在本地调试（使用LocalCluster）不需要输入任何参数，提交到实际集群中运行时，需要传递一个参数，该参数为Nimbus的主机名称。
通过Maven构建，生成一个包含依赖的single jar文件（不要把Storm的依赖包添加进去），例如storm-examples-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar，在提交Topology程序到Storm集群之前，因为用到了Kafka，需要拷贝一下依赖jar文件到Storm集群中的lib目录下面：

 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/kafka_2.9.2-0.8.1.1.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/scala-library-2.9.2.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/metrics-core-2.2.0.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/snappy-java-1.0.5.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/zkclient-0.3.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/log4j-1.2.15.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/slf4j-api-1.7.2.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/ 
 
cp /usr/local/kafka/libs/jopt-simple-3.2.jar /usr/local/storm/lib/

然后，就可以提交我们开发的Topology程序了：

 
    1bin/storm jar /home/storm/storm-examples-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar org.shirdrn.storm.examples.MyKafkaTopology h1

可以通过查看日志文件（logs/目录下）或者Storm UI来监控Topology的运行状况。如果程序没有错误，可以使用前面我们使用的Kafka Producer来生成消息，就能看到我们开发的Storm Topology能够实时接收到并进行处理。
上面Topology实现代码中，有一个很关键的配置对象SpoutConfig，配置属性如下所示：

`1`	`spoutConf.forceFromStart =` `false;`

该配置是指，如果该Topology因故障停止处理，下次正常运行时是否从Spout对应数据源Kafka中的该订阅Topic的起始位置开始读取，如果forceFromStart=true，则之前处理过的Tuple还要重新处理一遍，否则会从上次处理的位置继续处理，保证Kafka中的 Topic数据不被重复处理，是在数据源的位置进行状态记录。

整合Storm+HDFS

Storm实时计算集群从Kafka消息中间件中消费消息，有实时处理需求的可以走实时处理程序，还有需要进行离线分析的需求，如写入到HDFS进行分析。下面实现了一个Topology，代码如下所示：

 
package org.shirdrn.storm.examples; 
 
    002 
 
import java.text.DateFormat; 
 
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; 
 
import java.util.Date; 
 
import java.util.Map; 
 
import java.util.Random; 
 
    008 
 
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; 
 
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.HdfsBolt; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.DefaultFileNameFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.DelimitedRecordFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.FileNameFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.RecordFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.rotation.FileRotationPolicy; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.rotation.TimedRotationPolicy; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.rotation.TimedRotationPolicy.TimeUnit; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.sync.CountSyncPolicy; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.sync.SyncPolicy; 
 
    021 
 
import backtype.storm.Config; 
 
import backtype.storm.LocalCluster; 
 
import backtype.storm.StormSubmitter; 
 
import backtype.storm.generated.AlreadyAliveException; 
 
import backtype.storm.generated.InvalidTopologyException; 
 
import backtype.storm.spout.SpoutOutputCollector; 
 
import backtype.storm.task.TopologyContext; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.OutputFieldsDeclarer; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.TopologyBuilder; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.base.BaseRichSpout; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Fields; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Values; 
 
import backtype.storm.utils.Utils; 
 
    035 
 
public class StormToHDFSTopology { 
 
    037 
 
     public static class EventSpout extends BaseRichSpout { 
 
    039 
 
          private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(EventSpout.class); 
 
          private static final long serialVersionUID = 886149197481637894L; 
 
          private SpoutOutputCollector collector; 
 
          private Random rand; 
 
          private String[] records; 
 
          
 
          @Override 
 
          public void open(Map conf, TopologyContext context, 
 
                    SpoutOutputCollector collector) { 
 
               this.collector = collector;     
 
               rand = new Random(); 
 
               records = new String[] { 
 
                         "10001     ef2da82d4c8b49c44199655dc14f39f6     4.2.1     HUAWEI G610-U00     HUAWEI     2     70:72:3c:73:8b:22     2014-10-13 12:36:35", 
 
                         "10001     ffb52739a29348a67952e47c12da54ef     4.3     GT-I9300     samsung     2     50:CC:F8:E4:22:E2     2014-10-13 12:36:02", 
 
                         "10001     ef2da82d4c8b49c44199655dc14f39f6     4.2.1     HUAWEI G610-U00     HUAWEI     2     70:72:3c:73:8b:22     2014-10-13 12:36:35" 
 
               }; 
 
          } 
 
    057 
 
    058 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void nextTuple() { 
 
               Utils.sleep(1000); 
 
               DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd_HH-mm-ss"); 
 
               Date d = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()); 
 
               String minute = df.format(d); 
 
               String record = records[rand.nextInt(records.length)]; 
 
               LOG.info("EMIT[spout -> hdfs] " + minute + " : " + record); 
 
               collector.emit(new Values(minute, record)); 
 
          } 
 
    069 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void declareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarer declarer) { 
 
               declarer.declare(new Fields("minute", "record"));          
 
          } 
 
    074 
 
    075 
 
     } 
 
     
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws AlreadyAliveException, InvalidTopologyException, InterruptedException { 
 
          // use "|" instead of "," for field delimiter 
 
          RecordFormat format = new DelimitedRecordFormat() 
 
                  .withFieldDelimiter(" : "); 
 
    082 
 
          // sync the filesystem after every 1k tuples 
 
          SyncPolicy syncPolicy = new CountSyncPolicy(1000); 
 
    085 
 
          // rotate files  
 
          FileRotationPolicy rotationPolicy = new TimedRotationPolicy(1.0f, TimeUnit.MINUTES); 
 
    088 
 
          FileNameFormat fileNameFormat = new DefaultFileNameFormat() 
 
                  .withPath("/storm/").withPrefix("app_").withExtension(".log"); 
 
    091 
 
          HdfsBolt hdfsBolt = new HdfsBolt() 
 
                  .withFsUrl("hdfs://h1:8020") 
 
                  .withFileNameFormat(fileNameFormat) 
 
                  .withRecordFormat(format) 
 
                  .withRotationPolicy(rotationPolicy) 
 
                  .withSyncPolicy(syncPolicy); 
 
          
 
          TopologyBuilder builder = new TopologyBuilder(); 
 
          builder.setSpout("event-spout", new EventSpout(), 3); 
 
          builder.setBolt("hdfs-bolt", hdfsBolt, 2).fieldsGrouping("event-spout", new Fields("minute")); 
 
          
 
          Config conf = new Config(); 
 
          
 
          String name = StormToHDFSTopology.class.getSimpleName(); 
 
          if (args != null && args.length > 0) { 
 
               conf.put(Config.NIMBUS_HOST, args[0]); 
 
               conf.setNumWorkers(3); 
 
               StormSubmitter.submitTopologyWithProgressBar(name, conf, builder.createTopology()); 
 
          } else { 
 
               conf.setMaxTaskParallelism(3); 
 
               LocalCluster cluster = new LocalCluster(); 
 
               cluster.submitTopology(name, conf, builder.createTopology()); 
 
               Thread.sleep(60000); 
 
               cluster.shutdown(); 
 
          } 
 
     } 
 
    118 
 
    119}

上面的处理逻辑，可以对HdfsBolt进行更加详细的配置，如FileNameFormat、SyncPolicy、 FileRotationPolicy（可以设置在满足什么条件下，切出一个新的日志，如可以指定多长时间切出一个新的日志文件，可以指定一个日志文件大小达到设置值后，再写一个新日志文件），更多设置可以参考storm-hdfs，。
上面代码在打包的时候，需要注意，使用storm-starter自带的Maven打包配置，可能在将Topology部署运行的时候，会报错，可以使用maven-shade-plugin这个插件，如下配置所示：

 
<plugin> 
 
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 
 
    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId> 
 
    <version>1.4</version> 
 
    <configuration> 
 
        <createDependencyReducedPom>true</createDependencyReducedPom> 
 
    </configuration> 
 
    <executions> 
 
        <execution> 
 
            <phase>package</phase> 
 
            <goals> 
 
                <goal>shade</goal> 
 
            </goals> 
 
            <configuration> 
 
                <transformers> 
 
                    <transformer 
 
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/> 
 
                    <transformer 
 
                            implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer"> 
 
                        <mainClass></mainClass> 
 
                    </transformer> 
 
                </transformers> 
 
            </configuration> 
 
        </execution> 
 
    </executions> 
 
</plugin>

整合Kafka+Storm+HDFS

上面分别对整合Kafka+Storm和Storm+HDFS做了实践，可以将后者的Spout改成前者的Spout，从Kafka中消费消息，在 Storm中可以做简单处理，然后将数据写入HDFS，最后可以在Hadoop平台上对数据进行离线分析处理。下面，写了一个简单的例子，从Kafka消费消息，然后经由Storm处理，写入到HDFS存储，代码如下所示：

 
package org.shirdrn.storm.examples; 
 
    002 
 
import java.util.Arrays; 
 
import java.util.Map; 
 
    005 
 
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; 
 
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.HdfsBolt; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.DefaultFileNameFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.DelimitedRecordFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.FileNameFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.format.RecordFormat; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.rotation.FileRotationPolicy; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.rotation.TimedRotationPolicy; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.rotation.TimedRotationPolicy.TimeUnit; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.sync.CountSyncPolicy; 
 
import org.apache.storm.hdfs.bolt.sync.SyncPolicy; 
 
    018 
 
import storm.kafka.BrokerHosts; 
 
import storm.kafka.KafkaSpout; 
 
import storm.kafka.SpoutConfig; 
 
import storm.kafka.StringScheme; 
 
import storm.kafka.ZkHosts; 
 
import backtype.storm.Config; 
 
import backtype.storm.LocalCluster; 
 
import backtype.storm.StormSubmitter; 
 
import backtype.storm.generated.AlreadyAliveException; 
 
import backtype.storm.generated.InvalidTopologyException; 
 
import backtype.storm.spout.SchemeAsMultiScheme; 
 
import backtype.storm.task.OutputCollector; 
 
import backtype.storm.task.TopologyContext; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.OutputFieldsDeclarer; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.TopologyBuilder; 
 
import backtype.storm.topology.base.BaseRichBolt; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Fields; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Tuple; 
 
import backtype.storm.tuple.Values; 
 
    038 
 
public class DistributeWordTopology { 
 
     
 
     public static class KafkaWordToUpperCase extends BaseRichBolt { 
 
    042 
 
          private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(KafkaWordToUpperCase.class); 
 
          private static final long serialVersionUID = -5207232012035109026L; 
 
          private OutputCollector collector; 
 
          
 
          @Override 
 
          public void prepare(Map stormConf, TopologyContext context, 
 
                    OutputCollector collector) { 
 
               this.collector = collector;               
 
          } 
 
    052 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void execute(Tuple input) { 
 
               String line = input.getString(0).trim(); 
 
               LOG.info("RECV[kafka -> splitter] " + line); 
 
               if(!line.isEmpty()) { 
 
                    String upperLine = line.toUpperCase(); 
 
                    LOG.info("EMIT[splitter -> counter] " + upperLine); 
 
                    collector.emit(input, new Values(upperLine, upperLine.length())); 
 
               } 
 
               collector.ack(input); 
 
          } 
 
    064 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void declareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarer declarer) { 
 
               declarer.declare(new Fields("line", "len"));          
 
          } 
 
          
 
     } 
 
     
 
     public static class RealtimeBolt extends BaseRichBolt { 
 
    073 
 
          private static final Log LOG = LogFactory.getLog(KafkaWordToUpperCase.class); 
 
          private static final long serialVersionUID = -4115132557403913367L; 
 
          private OutputCollector collector; 
 
          
 
          @Override 
 
          public void prepare(Map stormConf, TopologyContext context, 
 
                    OutputCollector collector) { 
 
               this.collector = collector;               
 
          } 
 
    083 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void execute(Tuple input) { 
 
               String line = input.getString(0).trim(); 
 
               LOG.info("REALTIME: " + line); 
 
               collector.ack(input); 
 
          } 
 
    090 
 
          @Override 
 
          public void declareOutputFields(OutputFieldsDeclarer declarer) { 
 
               
 
          } 
 
    095 
 
     } 
 
    097 
 
     public static void main(String[] args) throws AlreadyAliveException, InvalidTopologyException, InterruptedException { 
 
    099 
 
          // Configure Kafka 
 
          String zks = "h1:2181,h2:2181,h3:2181"; 
 
          String topic = "my-replicated-topic5"; 
 
          String zkRoot = "/storm"; // default zookeeper root configuration for storm 
 
          String id = "word"; 
 
          BrokerHosts brokerHosts = new ZkHosts(zks); 
 
          SpoutConfig spoutConf = new SpoutConfig(brokerHosts, topic, zkRoot, id); 
 
          spoutConf.scheme = new SchemeAsMultiScheme(new StringScheme()); 
 
          spoutConf.forceFromStart = false; 
 
          spoutConf.zkServers = Arrays.asList(new String[] {"h1", "h2", "h3"}); 
 
          spoutConf.zkPort = 2181; 
 
          
 
          // Configure HDFS bolt 
 
          RecordFormat format = new DelimitedRecordFormat() 
 
                  .withFieldDelimiter("\t"); // use "\t" instead of "," for field delimiter 
 
          SyncPolicy syncPolicy = new CountSyncPolicy(1000); // sync the filesystem after every 1k tuples 
 
          FileRotationPolicy rotationPolicy = new TimedRotationPolicy(1.0f, TimeUnit.MINUTES); // rotate files 
 
          FileNameFormat fileNameFormat = new DefaultFileNameFormat() 
 
                  .withPath("/storm/").withPrefix("app_").withExtension(".log"); // set file name format 
 
          HdfsBolt hdfsBolt = new HdfsBolt() 
 
                  .withFsUrl("hdfs://h1:8020") 
 
                  .withFileNameFormat(fileNameFormat) 
 
                  .withRecordFormat(format) 
 
                  .withRotationPolicy(rotationPolicy) 
 
                  .withSyncPolicy(syncPolicy); 
 
          
 
          // configure & build topology 
 
          TopologyBuilder builder = new TopologyBuilder(); 
 
          builder.setSpout("kafka-reader", new KafkaSpout(spoutConf), 5); 
 
          builder.setBolt("to-upper", new KafkaWordToUpperCase(), 3).shuffleGrouping("kafka-reader"); 
 
          builder.setBolt("hdfs-bolt", hdfsBolt, 2).shuffleGrouping("to-upper"); 
 
          builder.setBolt("realtime", new RealtimeBolt(), 2).shuffleGrouping("to-upper"); 
 
          
 
          // submit topology 
 
          Config conf = new Config(); 
 
          String name = DistributeWordTopology.class.getSimpleName(); 
 
          if (args != null && args.length > 0) { 
 
               String nimbus = args[0]; 
 
               conf.put(Config.NIMBUS_HOST, nimbus); 
 
               conf.setNumWorkers(3); 
 
               StormSubmitter.submitTopologyWithProgressBar(name, conf, builder.createTopology()); 
 
          } else { 
 
               conf.setMaxTaskParallelism(3); 
 
               LocalCluster cluster = new LocalCluster(); 
 
               cluster.submitTopology(name, conf, builder.createTopology()); 
 
               Thread.sleep(60000); 
 
               cluster.shutdown(); 
 
          } 
 
     } 
 
    149 
 
    150}

上面代码中，名称为to-upper的Bolt将接收到的字符串行转换成大写以后，会将处理过的数据向后面的hdfs-bolt、realtime这两个Bolt各发一份拷贝，然后由这两个Bolt分别根据实际需要（实时/离线）单独处理。
打包后，在Storm集群上部署并运行这个Topology：

 
    1bin/storm jar ~/storm-examples-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar org.shirdrn.storm.examples.DistributeWordTopology h1

可以通过Storm UI查看Topology运行情况，可以查看HDFS上生成的数据。

参考链接

eric509

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