Android学习24 -- Framework层

fanged

已于 2025-04-17 21:36:37 修改

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分类专栏： Andorid 文章标签： Android

于 2024-05-29 01:36:27 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/fanged/article/details/139281737

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1 整体框架

有一说一，安卓架构这个概念还是太大了。要写完这东西得出一本书。这些还是简单写一些概要吧。

代码基本是在这个位置：

https://github.com/aosp-mirror/platform_frameworks_base

Android Framework 主要包含以下几个部分：

1. 应用程序层（Application Layer）
应用程序（Apps）：就是各种App。

2. 框架层（Framework Layer）

相当于app层的框架，提供很多库和很多管理功能。

3 Native层

这个层级提供了 Android 运行时所需的各种底层库。包括：C 标准库（libc）图形库（Skia）SQLite（数据库）WebKit（Web 内容的渲染引擎）OpenGL ES（图形和3D硬件加速）SSL 和加密（用于处理加密和安全相关的操作）

此外还有很多HAL驱动。

4 Linux 内核（Kernel Layer）
Linux 内核是 Android 系统的基础，负责硬件抽象、内存管理、进程调度、安全性等。Android 对内核进行了优化，以支持移动设备的特定需求，如低功耗和硬件加速等。

2 框架层具体内容

这篇文主要就只是讨论一下安卓的Framework，我对Framework的理解就是上层的类库，类似一个手机版的Windows平台的MFC。主要就是封装了UI的操作，将一些公共的操作抽象成服务提供给终端开发者，简化开发。

2.1 Activity Manager

是负责管理应用组件（如 Activity、Service），负责管理应用程序的生命周期和任务栈。它调度应用程序的启动和停止，以及内存管理和多任务处理。

此时可以查看相关内容dumpsys activity activities

cepheus:/ $ dumpsys activity activities
ACTIVITY MANAGER ACTIVITIES (dumpsys activity activities)
Display #0 (activities from top to bottom):
  Stack #26: type=standard mode=fullscreen
  isSleeping=true
  mBounds=Rect(0, 0 - 0, 0)
    mLastPausedActivity: ActivityRecord{49926d9 u0 com.android.settings/.SubSettings t26}
    * Task{7ce3652 #26 visible=true type=standard mode=fullscreen translucent=true A=1000:com.android.settings.root U=0 StackId=26 sz=3}
      mBounds=Rect(0, 0 - 0, 0)
      mMinWidth=-1 mMinHeight=-1
      userId=0 effectiveUid=1000 mCallingUid=u0a85 mUserSetupComplete=true mCallingPackage=com.miui.home mCallingFeatureId=null
      affinity=1000:com.android.settings.root
      intent={act=android.intent.action.MAIN cat=[android.intent.category.LAUNCHER] flg=0x10200000 cmp=com.android.settings/.MainSettings}
      origActivity=com.android.settings/.MainSettings
      mActivityComponent=com.android.settings/.MiuiSettings
      autoRemoveRecents=false isPersistable=true activityType=1
      rootWasReset=true mNeverRelinquishIdentity=true mReuseTask=false mLockTaskAuth=LOCK_TASK_AUTH_PINNABLE
      Activities=[ActivityRecord{9f25add u0 com.android.settings/.MainSettings t26}, ActivityRecord{443d2a8 u0 com.android.settings/.SubSettings t26}, ActivityRecord{49926d9 u0 com.android.settings/.SubSettings t26}]
      askedCompatMode=false inRecents=true isAvailable=true
      taskId=26 stackId=26
      mHasBeenVisible=true
      mResizeMode=RESIZE_MODE_RESIZEABLE_VIA_SDK_VERSION mSupportsPictureInPicture=false isResizeable=true
 supportsSplitScreenWindowingMode=true lastActiveTime=87920285      lastActiveTime=87920285 (inactive for 10985s) pcFlags 0
      * Hist #2: ActivityRecord{49926d9 u0 com.android.settings/.SubSettings t26}
          packageName=com.android.settings processName=com.android.settings
          launchedFromUid=1000 launchedFromPackage=com.android.settings launchedFromFeature=null userId=0
          app=ProcessRecord{fea9731 19556:com.android.settings/1000}
          Intent { act=android.intent.action.MAIN cmp=com.android.settings/.SubSettings (has extras) }
          rootOfTask=false task=Task{7ce3652 #26 visible=true type=standard mode=fullscreen translucent=true A=1000:com.android.settings.root U=0 StackId=26 sz=3}
          taskAffinity=1000:com.android.settings
          mActivityComponent=com.android.settings/.SubSettings
          baseDir=/system/system_ext/priv-app/Settings/Settings.apk
          dataDir=/data/user_de/0/com.android.settings
          stateNotNeeded=false componentSpecified=false mActivityType=standard
          compat={440dpi} labelRes=0x7f1219d2 icon=0x7f08049b theme=0x7f130341
          mLastReportedConfigurations:
            mGlobalConfig={1.0 ?mcc?mnc [zh_CN] ldltr sw392dp w392dp h776dp 440dpi nrml long hdr widecg port finger -keyb/v/h -nav/h winConfig={ mBounds=Rect(0, 0 - 1080, 2340) mAppBounds=Rect(0, 75 - 1080, 2210) mWindowingMode=fullscreen mDisplayWindowingMode=fullscreen mActivityType=undefined mAlwaysOnTop=undefined mRotation=ROTATION_0} s.12 themeChanged=0 themeChangedFlags=0 extraData = Bundle[{}]}
            mOverrideConfig={1.0 ?mcc?mnc [zh_CN] ldltr sw392dp w392dp h776dp 440dpi nrml long hdr widecg port finger -keyb/v/h -nav/h winConfig={ mBounds=Rect(0, 0 - 1080, 2340) mAppBounds=Rect(0, 75 - 1080, 2210) mWindowingMode=fullscreen mDisplayWindowingMode=fullscreen mActivityType=standard mAlwaysOnTop=undefined mRotation=ROTATION_0} s.1 themeChanged=0 themeChangedFlags=0 extraData = Bundle[{}]}
          CurrentConfiguration={1.0 ?mcc?mnc [zh_CN] ldltr sw392dp w392dp h776dp 440dpi nrml long hdr widecg port finger -keyb/v/h -nav/h winConfig={ mBounds=Rect(0, 0 - 1080, 2340) mAppBounds=Rect(0, 75 - 1080, 2210) mWindowingMode=fullscreen mDisplayWindowingMode=fullscreen mActivityType=standard mAlwaysOnTop=undefined mRotation=ROTATION_0} s.1 themeChanged=0 themeChangedFlags=0 extraData = Bundle[{}]}
          taskDescription: label="null" icon=null iconResource=com.android.settings/2131231899 iconFilename=null primaryColor=ffe6e6e6
            backgroundColor=ff000000 statusBarColor=ff000000 navigationBarColor=ffffffff
          launchFailed=false launchCount=0 lastLaunchTime=-16h29m8s940ms
          mHaveState=true mIcicle=Bundle[mParcelledData.dataSize=19904]
          state=STOPPED stopped=true delayedResume=false finishing=false
          keysPaused=false inHistory=true mIsCastMode=false mIsLastFrame=false setToSleep=true idle=true mStartingWindowState=STARTING_WINDOW_NOT_SHOWN
          occludesParent=true noDisplay=false immersive=false launchMode=0
          frozenBeforeDestroy=false forceNewConfig=false
          mActivityType=standard
          windows=[Window{90a7557 mode=0 rootTaskId=26 u0 com.android.settings/com.android.settings.SubSettings}]
          windowType=2 hasVisible=true
          mOccludesParent=true mOrientation=1
          mVisibleRequested=false mVisible=false mClientVisible=false reportedDrawn=false reportedVisible=false
          mAppStopped=true
          mNumInterestingWindows=1 mNumDrawnWindows=1 allDrawn=true lastAllDrawn=true)
          startingData=null firstWindowDrawn=true mIsExiting=false
          mMiuiConfigFlag=1
          nowVisible=false lastVisibleTime=-16h28m45s575ms
          resizeMode=RESIZE_MODE_RESIZEABLE_VIA_SDK_VERSION
          mLastReportedMultiWindowMode=false mLastReportedPictureInPictureMode=false
          realComponentName=com.android.settings/.SubSettings

dumpsys activity intents

127|cepheus:/ $ dumpsys activity intents
ACTIVITY MANAGER PENDING INTENTS (dumpsys activity intents)
  * com.miui.powerkeeper: 4 items
    #0: PendingIntentRecord{2b3cf70 com.miui.powerkeeper broadcastIntent}
      uid=1000 packageName=com.miui.powerkeeper featureId=null type=broadcastIntent flags=0x0
      requestIntent=act=com.miui.powerkeeper.enter_night pkg=com.miui.powerkeeper
    #1: PendingIntentRecord{5d58040 com.miui.powerkeeper broadcastIntent}
      uid=1000 packageName=com.miui.powerkeeper featureId=null type=broadcastIntent flags=0x0
      requestIntent=act=miui.action.powerkeeper.randomdelay
      sent=true canceled=false
    #2: PendingIntentRecord{a7b4b79 com.miui.powerkeeper startService}
      uid=1000 packageName=com.miui.powerkeeper featureId=null type=startService flags=0x0
      requestIntent=act=miui.intent.action.powerkeeper_alarm cmp=com.miui.powerkeeper/.PowerKeeperBackgroundService
      sent=true canceled=false
    #3: PendingIntentRecord{1430be com.miui.powerkeeper broadcastIntent}
      uid=1000 packageName=com.miui.powerkeeper featureId=null type=broadcastIntent flags=0x0
      requestIntent=act=miui.intent.action.powerkeeper_schedule
      sent=true canceled=false
  * com.android.providers.calendar: 1 items
    #0: PendingIntentRecord{66d51f com.android.providers.calendar broadcastIntent}
      uid=10103 packageName=com.android.providers.calendar featureId=null type=broadcastIntent flags=0x0
      requestCode=100 requestResolvedType=null
      requestIntent=act=com.android.providers.calendar.intent.CalendarProvider2 cmp=com.android.providers.calendar/.CalendarProviderBroadcastReceiver
      sent=true canceled=false
  * com.xiaomi.powerchecker: 1 items
    #0: PendingIntentRecord{5b2606c com.xiaomi.powerchecker broadcastIntent}
      uid=1000 packageName=com.xiaomi.powerchecker featureId=null type=broadcastIntent flags=0x0

AM命令也可以直接管理，

可以实现启动activity

adb shell am start -n com.example.myapp/.MainActivity

启动service

adb shell am startservice -n com.example.myapp/.MyService

发送广播

adb shell am broadcast -a com.example.MY_ACTION --es key "value"

模拟按键

adb shell am keyevent 3  # 模拟按下Home键

具体的用法可以看说明：

cepheus:/ $ am
Activity manager (activity) commands:
  help
      Print this help text.
  start-activity [-D] [-N] [-W] [-P <FILE>] [--start-profiler <FILE>]
          [--sampling INTERVAL] [--streaming] [-R COUNT] [-S]
          [--track-allocation] [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Start an Activity.  Options are:
      -D: enable debugging
      -N: enable native debugging
      -W: wait for launch to complete
      --start-profiler <FILE>: start profiler and send results to <FILE>
      --sampling INTERVAL: use sample profiling with INTERVAL microseconds
          between samples (use with --start-profiler)
      --streaming: stream the profiling output to the specified file
          (use with --start-profiler)
      -P <FILE>: like above, but profiling stops when app goes idle
      --attach-agent <agent>: attach the given agent before binding
      --attach-agent-bind <agent>: attach the given agent during binding
      -R: repeat the activity launch <COUNT> times.  Prior to each repeat,
          the top activity will be finished.
      -S: force stop the target app before starting the activity
      --track-allocation: enable tracking of object allocations
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
      --windowingMode <WINDOWING_MODE>: The windowing mode to launch the activity into.
      --activityType <ACTIVITY_TYPE>: The activity type to launch the activity as.
      --display <DISPLAY_ID>: The display to launch the activity into.
  start-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Start a Service.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
  start-foreground-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Start a foreground Service.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
  stop-service [--user <USER_ID> | current] <INTENT>
      Stop a Service.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | current: Specify which user to run as; if not
          specified then run as the current user.
  broadcast [--user <USER_ID> | all | current] <INTENT>
      Send a broadcast Intent.  Options are:
      --user <USER_ID> | all | current: Specify which user to send to; if not
          specified then send to all users.
      --receiver-permission <PERMISSION>: Require receiver to hold permission.
      --allow-background-activity-starts: The receiver may start activities
          even if in the background.
  instrument [-r] [-e <NAME> <VALUE>] [-p <FILE>] [-w]

2.2 Window Manager

Window Manager（窗口管理器）是负责管理屏幕上所有窗口（Window）布局、层级、动画和交互的核心系统服务。它直接与 SurfaceFlinger（负责合成和渲染）和 Activity Manager（负责生命周期）协作，确保应用界面正确显示。

管理窗口和屏幕显示，决定如何显示 UI 元素，并为每个应用程序创建一个窗口。它还管理应用程序间的显示和输入事件。

dumpsys window的结果，这里会有大量信息，比如：

窗口信息：列出当前系统中所有的窗口，包含窗口的类型（如应用窗口、系统窗口）、窗口的布局参数（位置、大小）、窗口的焦点状态等。
显示信息：展示屏幕的分辨率、密度、刷新率等显示相关的信息。
输入焦点信息：指示当前获取输入焦点的窗口。
窗口动画信息：显示当前正在运行的窗口动画的相关设置和状态。

127|cepheus:/ $ dumpsys window

WINDOW MANAGER LAST ANR (dumpsys window lastanr)
  <no ANR has occurred since boot>

WINDOW MANAGER POLICY STATE (dumpsys window policy)
    mSafeMode=false mSystemReady=true mSystemBooted=true
    mCameraLensCoverState=CAMERA_LENS_COVER_ABSENT
    mWakeGestureEnabledSetting=false
    mUiMode=UI_MODE_TYPE_NORMALmEnableCarDockHomeCapture=true
    mLidKeyboardAccessibility=0 mLidNavigationAccessibility=0 getLidBehavior=LID_BEHAVIOR_SLEEP
    mLongPressOnBackBehavior=LONG_PRESS_BACK_NOTHING
    mLongPressOnHomeBehavior=LONG_PRESS_HOME_NOTHING
    mDoubleTapOnHomeBehavior=DOUBLE_TAP_HOME_NOTHING
    mShortPressOnPowerBehavior=SHORT_PRESS_POWER_GO_TO_SLEEP
    mLongPressOnPowerBehavior=LONG_PRESS_POWER_GLOBAL_ACTIONS
    mVeryLongPressOnPowerBehavior=VERY_LONG_PRESS_POWER_NOTHING
    mDoublePressOnPowerBehavior=MULTI_PRESS_POWER_NOTHING
    mTriplePressOnPowerBehavior=MULTI_PRESS_POWER_NOTHING
    mShortPressOnSleepBehavior=SHORT_PRESS_SLEEP_GO_TO_SLEEP
    mShortPressOnWindowBehavior=SHORT_PRESS_WINDOW_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE
    mAllowStartActivityForLongPressOnPowerDuringSetup=false
    mHasSoftInput=true mHapticTextHandleEnabled=false
    mDismissImeOnBackKeyPressed=true mIncallPowerBehavior=sleep
    mIncallBackBehavior=<nothing> mEndcallBehavior=sleep
    mDisplayHomeButtonHandlers=    mKeyguardOccluded=false mKeyguardOccludedChanged=false mPendingKeyguardOccluded=false
    mAllowLockscreenWhenOnDisplays=false mLockScreenTimeout=30000 mLockScreenTimerActive=false
    mKeyMapping.size=0
    WakeGestureListener
      mTriggerRequested=false
      mSensor=null
    KeyguardServiceDelegate
      showing=true
      showingAndNotOccluded=true
      inputRestricted=false
      occluded=false
      secure=false
      dreaming=false
      systemIsReady=true
      deviceHasKeyguard=true
      enabled=true
      offReason=OFF_BECAUSE_OF_TIMEOUT

也可以查看合成器dumpsys SurfaceFlinger

cepheus:/ $ dumpsys SurfaceFlinger
Build configuration: [sf PRESENT_TIME_OFFSET=0 FORCE_HWC_FOR_RBG_TO_YUV=1 MAX_VIRT_DISPLAY_DIM=4096 RUNNING_WITHOUT_SYNC_FRAMEWORK=0 NUM_FRAMEBUFFER_SURFACE_BUFFERS=3] [libui] [libgui]

Display identification data:
Display 19260674575326081 (HWC display 0): port=129 pnpId=QCM displayName=""

Wide-Color information:
Device has wide color built-in display: 1
Device uses color management: 1
DisplayColorSetting: Managed
Display 19260674575326081 color modes:
    ColorMode::NATIVE (0)
    ColorMode::SRGB (7)
    ColorMode::DISPLAY_P3 (9)
    Current color mode: ColorMode::SRGB (7)

Sync configuration: [using: EGL_ANDROID_native_fence_sync EGL_KHR_wait_sync]

Scheduler:
+  Idle timer: off
+  Touch timer: off
+  Use content detection: off

Layers rate vote info:
   Rate   | Vote Type       | Weight | Focused | Layer Name
     0.00 | Max             | 1.000  |    1    | NotificationShade#0
     0.00 | Max             | 1.000  |    0    | ColorFade#0
     0.00 | Max             | 1.000  |    0    | com.miui.miwallpaper.superwallpaper.SnowmountainSuperWallpaper#0

ScreenOff: 0d18:36:26.097
60fps: 0d00:12:49.937

           app phase:   1000000 ns               SF phase:   1000000 ns
     early app phase:   1000000 ns         early SF phase:   1000000 ns
  GL early app phase:   1000000 ns      GL early SF phase:   1000000 ns
next VSYNC threshold: 9223372036854775807 ns
      present offset:         0 ns           VSYNC period:  16666666 ns

还有一个就是wm命令

比如查看当前分辨率

cepheus:/ $ wm size
Physical size: 1080x2340

具体用法可以查看命令

cepheus:/ $ wm
Window manager (window) commands:
  help
      Print this help text.
  size [reset|WxH|WdpxHdp] [-d DISPLAY_ID]
    Return or override display size.
    width and height in pixels unless suffixed with 'dp'.
  density [reset|DENSITY] [-d DISPLAY_ID]
    Return or override display density.
  folded-area [reset|LEFT,TOP,RIGHT,BOTTOM]
    Return or override folded area.
  scaling [off|auto] [-d DISPLAY_ID]
    Set display scaling mode.
  dismiss-keyguard
    Dismiss the keyguard, prompting user for auth if necessary.
  set-user-rotation [free|lock] [-d DISPLAY_ID] [rotation]
    Set user rotation mode and user rotation.
  dump-visible-window-views
    Dumps the encoded view hierarchies of visible windows
  set-fix-to-user-rotation [-d DISPLAY_ID] [enabled|disabled]
    Enable or disable rotating display for app requested orientation.

2.3 Content Providers

负责应用程序之间的数据共享。Content Provider 允许一个应用程序访问另一个应用程序的数据库数据。共享数据比如联系人信息之类。

dumpsys activity providers

255|cepheus:/ $ dumpsys activity providers
ACTIVITY MANAGER CONTENT PROVIDERS (dumpsys activity providers)
  Published single-user content providers (by class):
  * ContentProviderRecord{2178fb0 u0 com.android.providers.telephony/.TelephonyProvider}
    package=com.android.providers.telephony process=com.android.phone
    proc=ProcessRecord{2ad6d80 2998:com.android.phone/1001}
    uid=1001 provider=android.content.ContentProviderProxy@3effe29
    singleton=true
    authority=telephony
  * ContentProviderRecord{955e5ae u0 com.android.providers.telephony/.CarrierProvider}
    package=com.android.providers.telephony process=com.android.phone
    proc=ProcessRecord{2ad6d80 2998:com.android.phone/1001}
    uid=1001 provider=android.content.ContentProviderProxy@821ff4f
    singleton=true
    authority=carrier_information
  * ContentProviderRecord{85df6dc u0 com.android.providers.telephony/.MmsProvider}
    package=com.android.providers.telephony process=com.android.phone
    proc=ProcessRecord{2ad6d80 2998:com.android.phone/1001}
    uid=1001 provider=android.content.ContentProviderProxy@b6153e5
    singleton=true
    authority=mms
  * ContentProviderRecord{81eaeba u0 com.android.providers.settings/.SettingsProvider}
    package=com.android.providers.settings process=system
    proc=ProcessRecord{b0940e3 2000:system/1000}
    uid=1000 provider=android.content.ContentProvider$Transport@c14b0bb
    singleton=true
    authority=settings
    isSyncable=false multiprocess=false initOrder=100
    Connections:
      -> 2741:com.android.systemui/1000 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m22s881ms
      -> 2827:com.miui.miwallpaper:snowmountainSuperWallpaper/u0a139 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m22s780ms
      -> 3046:com.miui.home/u0a85 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m22s211ms
      -> 2998:com.android.phone/1001 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m22s190ms
      -> 2930:org.codeaurora.ims/u0a199 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m20s612ms
      -> 2714:com.miui.miwallpaper/u0a139 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m19s623ms
      -> 3610:com.miui.aod/1000 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m19s599ms
      -> 3576:com.google.android.gms.persistent/u0a188 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m19s452ms
      -> 3957:com.miui.daemon/1000 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m17s998ms
      -> 3924:com.miui.contentcatcher/1000 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m17s656ms
      -> 4158:com.xiaomi.mircs/u0a93 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m17s449ms
      -> 4313:com.android.providers.media.module/u0a220 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m17s254ms
      -> 4295:com.miui.face/1000 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m17s172ms
      -> 4367:com.miui.notification:remote/1000 s1/1 u0/0 +1d3h59m17s169ms

操作命令是content

cepheus:/ $ content
usage: adb shell content [subcommand] [options]

usage: adb shell content insert --uri <URI> [--user <USER_ID>] --bind <BINDING> [--bind <BINDING>...] [--extra <BINDING>...]
  <URI> a content provider URI.
  <BINDING> binds a typed value to a column and is formatted:
  <COLUMN_NAME>:<TYPE>:<COLUMN_VALUE> where:
  <TYPE> specifies data type such as:
  b - boolean, s - string, i - integer, l - long, f - float, d - double, n - null
  Note: Omit the value for passing an empty string, e.g column:s:
  Example:
  # Add "new_setting" secure setting with value "new_value".
  adb shell content insert --uri content://settings/secure --bind name:s:new_setting --bind value:s:new_value

usage: adb shell content update --uri <URI> [--user <USER_ID>] [--where <WHERE>] [--extra <BINDING>...]
  <WHERE> is a SQL style where clause in quotes (You have to escape single quotes - see example below).
  Example:
  # Change "new_setting" secure setting to "newer_value".
  adb shell content update --uri content://settings/secure --bind value:s:newer_value --where "name='new_setting'"

usage: adb shell content delete --uri <URI> [--user <USER_ID>] --bind <BINDING> [--bind <BINDING>...] [--where <WHERE>] [--extra <BINDING>...]
  Example:
  # Remove "new_setting" secure setting.
  adb shell content delete --uri content://settings/secure --where "name='new_setting'"

usage: adb shell content query --uri <URI> [--user <USER_ID>] [--projection <PROJECTION>] [--where <WHERE>] [--sort <SORT_ORDER>] [--extra <BINDING>...]
  <PROJECTION> is a list of colon separated column names and is formatted:
  <COLUMN_NAME>[:<COLUMN_NAME>...]
  <SORT_ORDER> is the order in which rows in the result should be sorted.

比如这个命令可以查看所有联系人

adb shell content query --uri content://com.android.contacts/contacts

2.4 Resource Manager

帮助应用程序访问不同的资源（如字符串、图像、布局文件等），同时支持不同的屏幕大小和分辨率等配置。

这里的资源就是res文件夹下面的资源。

可以使用命令查看dumpsys resource，不过我手上这个设备没有root，貌似不能访问。

cepheus:/ $ dumpsys resource
Can't find service: resource

2.5 Notification Manager

允许应用程序创建和管理通知。通过通知管理器，应用程序可以在设备的状态栏显示通知信息。

当应用程序需要发送通知时，会创建一个 Notification 对象，该对象包含了通知的各种属性，如标题、内容、图标、声音等。然后，应用程序通过 NotificationManager 类将 Notification 对象发送给系统。

可以使用dumpsys notification来查看状态。

cepheus:/ $ dumpsys notification
Current Notification Manager state:
  Notification List:
    NotificationRecord(0x04d37e1b: pkg=com.lbe.security.miui user=UserHandle{0} id=201 tag=null importance=5 key=0|com.lbe.security.miui|201|null|10081: Notification(channel=com.lbe.security.miui shortcut=null contentView=null vibrate=null sound= defaults=0x20 flags=0x10 color=0x00000000 vis=PRIVATE))
      uid=10081 userId=0
      opPkg=com.lbe.security.miui
      icon=Icon(typ=RESOURCE pkg=com.lbe.security.miui id=0x7f0700ab)
      flags=0x10
      pri=1
      key=0|com.lbe.security.miui|201|null|10081
      seen=true
      groupKey=0|com.lbe.security.miui|201|null|10081
      fullscreenIntent=null
      contentIntent=PendingIntent{591fc37: PendingIntentRecord{56bd6b0 com.lbe.security.miui startActivity (whitelist: f6356ba:+30s0ms)}}
      deleteIntent=null
      number=0
      groupAlertBehavior=0
      when=1744794326794
      tickerText=null
      contentView=null
      bigContentView=null
      headsUpContentView=null
      color=0x00000000      timeout=unknown
      extras={
          android.title=String
          android.reduced.images=Boolean (true)
          android.text=String
          android.appInfo=ApplicationInfo (ApplicationInfo{38b55a4 com.lbe.security.miui})
          android.showWhen=Boolean (true)
      }
      stats=SingleNotificationStats{posttimeElapsedMs=210726, posttimeToFirstClickMs=-1, posttimeToDismissMs=-1, airtimeCount=2, airtimeMs=6597, currentAirtimeStartElapsedMs=-1, airtimeExpandedMs=5302, posttimeToFirstVisibleExpansionMs=678, currentAirtimeExpandedStartElapsedMs=-1, requestedImportance=4, naturalImportance=5, isNoisy=true}
      mContactAffinity=0.0
      mRecentlyIntrusive=false
      mPackagePriority=0
      mPackageVisibility=-1000
      mSystemImportance=UNSPECIFIED
      mAsstImportance=UNSPECIFIED
      mImportance=HIGH
      mImportanceExplanation=app

模拟发送通知可以用am的命令，比如

am broadcast

2.6 Package Manager

负责应用程序的安装、卸载、查询及管理应用的权限。

主要是命令行下的pm命令。

cepheus:/ $ pm
Package manager (package) commands:
  help
    Print this help text.

  path [--user USER_ID] PACKAGE
    Print the path to the .apk of the given PACKAGE.

  dump PACKAGE
    Print various system state associated with the given PACKAGE.

  has-feature FEATURE_NAME [version]
    Prints true and returns exit status 0 when system has a FEATURE_NAME,
    otherwise prints false and returns exit status 1

  list features
    Prints all features of the system.

  list instrumentation [-f] [TARGET-PACKAGE]
    Prints all test packages; optionally only those targeting TARGET-PACKAGE
    Options:
      -f: dump the name of the .apk file containing the test package

  list libraries
    Prints all system libraries.

  list packages [-f] [-d] [-e] [-s] [-3] [-i] [-l] [-u] [-U]
      [--show-versioncode] [--apex-only] [--uid UID] [--user USER_ID] [FILTER]
    Prints all packages; optionally only those whose name contains
    the text in FILTER.  Options are:
      -f: see their associated file
      -a: all known packages (but excluding APEXes)
      -d: filter to only show disabled packages
      -e: filter to only show enabled packages
      -s: filter to only show system packages
      -3: filter to only show third party packages
      -i: see the installer for the packages
      -l: ignored (used for compatibility with older releases)
      -U: also show the package UID
      -u: also include uninstalled packages
      --show-versioncode: also show the version code
      --apex-only: only show APEX packages
      --uid UID: filter to only show packages with the given UID
      --user USER_ID: only list packages belonging to the given user

  list permission-groups
    Prints all known permission groups.

  list permissions [-g] [-f] [-d] [-u] [GROUP]
    Prints all known permissions; optionally only those in GROUP.  Options are:
      -g: organize by group
      -f: print all information
      -s: short summary
      -d: only list dangerous permissions
      -u: list only the permissions users will see

  list staged-sessions [--only-ready] [--only-sessionid] [--only-parent]
    Prints all staged sessions.
      --only-ready: show only staged sessions that are ready
      --only-sessionid: show only sessionId of each session
      --only-parent: hide all children sessions

  list users
    Prints all users.

  resolve-activity [--brief] [--components] [--query-flags FLAGS]
       [--user USER_ID] INTENT
    Prints the activity that resolves to the given INTENT.

  query-activities [--brief] [--components] [--query-flags FLAGS]
       [--user USER_ID] INTENT
    Prints all activities that can handle the given INTENT.

  query-services [--brief] [--components] [--query-flags FLAGS]
       [--user USER_ID] INTENT
    Prints all services that can handle the given INTENT.

  query-receivers [--brief] [--components] [--query-flags FLAGS]
       [--user USER_ID] INTENT
    Prints all broadcast receivers that can handle the given INTENT.

  install [-rtfdgw] [-i PACKAGE] [--user USER_ID|all|current]
       [-p INHERIT_PACKAGE] [--install-location 0/1/2]
       [--install-reason 0/1/2/3/4] [--originating-uri URI]
       [--referrer URI] [--abi ABI_NAME] [--force-sdk]
       [--preload] [--instant] [--full] [--dont-kill]
       [--enable-rollback]
       [--force-uuid internal|UUID] [--pkg PACKAGE] [-S BYTES]
       [--apex] [--wait TIMEOUT]
       [PATH [SPLIT...]|-]
    Install an application.  Must provide the apk data to install, either as
    file path(s) or '-' to read from stdin.  Options are:
      -R: disallow replacement of existing application
      -t: allow test packages

比如查看所有安装的包，就可以用pm list packages

1|cepheus:/ $ pm list packages
package:com.miui.screenrecorder
package:com.android.cts.priv.ctsshim
package:com.miui.contentextension
package:com.qualcomm.qti.qcolor
package:com.android.internal.display.cutout.emulation.corner
package:com.google.android.ext.services
package:com.qualcomm.qti.improvetouch.service
package:com.android.internal.display.cutout.emulation.double
package:com.android.providers.telephony
package:com.android.dynsystem
package:com.miui.powerkeeper
package:com.xiaomi.miplay_client
package:com.android.theme.icon.pebble
package:com.unionpay.tsmservice.mi
package:com.miui.qr

具体查看包信息，可以用

pm dump com.miui.screenrecorder

2.7 其它

Location Manager

为应用程序提供位置信息，支持 GPS 或基站定位等功能。

这个主要是代码中实现，比如

LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);

Telephony Manager

处理与电话相关的操作，包括拨打电话、短信收发等。可以

获取设备信息：可以获取手机的设备编号、软件版本、电话类型等信息。例如，通过 getDeviceId() 方法获取设备的唯一标识，通过 getDeviceSoftwareVersion() 方法获取设备的软件版本号。
获取网络信息：能获取手机所处网络的相关信息，如国家 ISO 代码、运营商编号、运营商名称、网络类型等。比如，使用 getNetworkCountryIso() 方法获取网络所在国家的 ISO 代码，通过 getNetworkOperator() 方法获取运营商编号。
获取 SIM 卡信息：可获取 SIM 卡的状态、SIM 卡运营商编号、SIM 卡运营商名称、SIM 序列号等信息。例如，通过 getSimState() 方法获取 SIM 卡的状态，使用 getSimOperator() 方法获取 SIM 卡运营商编号。
监听电话状态：通过注册 PhoneStateListener 来监听电话的各种状态变化，如来电状态、去电状态、通话过程中的状态等。例如，重写 onCallStateChanged() 方法来处理电话呼叫状态的改变。

这里也是只能通过代码操作

TelephonyManager telephonyManager = (TelephonyManager) getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);

Power Manager

管理设备的电源，包括休眠、唤醒以及管理设备的电池消耗。在开发中，现在一个热点就是快充，调试快充要涉及到这个部分。

查询状态，主要是dumpsys power

cepheus:/ $ dumpsys power
POWER MANAGER (dumpsys power)

Power Manager State:
  Settings power_manager_constants:
    no_cached_wake_locks=true
  mDirty=0x0
  mWakefulness=Asleep
  mWakefulnessChanging=false
  mIsPowered=true
  mPlugType=2
  mBatteryLevel=100
  mBatteryLevelWhenDreamStarted=100
  mDockState=0
  mStayOn=false
  mProximityPositive=false
  mBootCompleted=true
  mSystemReady=true
  mHalAutoSuspendModeEnabled=true
  mHalInteractiveModeEnabled=false
  mWakeLockSummary=0x0
  mNotifyLongScheduled=(none)
  mNotifyLongDispatched=-16s134ms
  mNotifyLongNextCheck=(none)
  mUserActivitySummary=0x0
  mRequestWaitForNegativeProximity=false
  mSandmanScheduled=false
  mSandmanSummoned=false
  mBatteryLevelLow=false
  mLightDeviceIdleMode=false
  mDeviceIdleMode=false
  mDeviceIdleWhitelist=[1001, 2000, 9802, 10074, 10079, 10081, 10082, 10085, 10090, 10100, 10101, 10106, 10115, 10117, 10118, 10119, 10122, 10126, 10144, 10148, 10149, 10153, 10154, 10155, 10157, 10188, 10204, 10205, 10233, 10237, 10238, 10239, 10252, 10258]
  mDeviceIdleTempWhitelist=[]
  mLastWakeTime=66448847 (2930631 ms ago)
  mLastSleepTime=66454848 (2924630 ms ago)
  mLastSleepReason=timeout
  mLastUserActivityTime=66448847 (2930631 ms ago)
  mLastUserActivityTimeNoChangeLights=6865054 (62514424 ms ago)

在开发中，也有相关的类组件。

PowerManager powerManager = (PowerManager) getSystemService(Context.POWER_SERVICE);

Sensor Manager：管理 Android 设备上的各种传感器，如加速度传感器、陀螺仪、光线传感器等。

可以使用dumpsys sensorservice来查看传感器状态。

cepheus:/ $ dumpsys sensorservice
Captured at: 21:27:06.396
Sensor Device:
Total 44 h/w sensors, 44 running 0 disabled clients:
0x00000003) active-count = 1; sampling_period(ms) = {200.0}, selected = 200.00 ms; batching_period(ms) = {300000.0}, selected = 300000.00 ms
Sensor List:
0x00000001) vl53l3_tof  Non-wakeup    | ST micro        | ver: 256 | type:    xiaomi.sensor.tof(33171040) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000000
        continuous | minRate=2.00Hz | maxRate=100.00Hz | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | non-wakeUp |
0x00000002) ccd_tilt  Wakeup          | qualcomm        | ver: 256 | type: android.sensor.tilt_detector(22) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000007
        special-trigger | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | wakeUp |
0x00000003) pedometer  Wakeup         | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.step_detector(18) | perm: android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION | flags: 0x00000007
        special-trigger | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 300) events | wakeUp |
0x00000004) pedometer  Non-wakeup     | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.step_detector(18) | perm: android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION | flags: 0x00000006
        special-trigger | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 300) events | non-wakeUp |
0x00000005) pedometer  Wakeup         | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.step_counter(19) | perm: android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION | flags: 0x00000003
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 300) events | wakeUp |
0x00000006) pedometer  Non-wakeup     | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.step_counter(19) | perm: android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION | flags: 0x00000002
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 300) events | non-wakeUp |
0x00000007) stationary_detect_wakeup  | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.stationary_detect(29) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000005
        one-shot | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=-1us | no batching | wakeUp |
0x00000008) stationary_detect         | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.stationary_detect(29) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000004
        one-shot | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=-1us | no batching | non-wakeUp |
0x00000009) sns_smd  Wakeup           | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.significant_motion(17) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000005
        one-shot | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=-1us | no batching | wakeUp |
0x0000000a) lsm6ds3c Accelerometer-Uncalibrated Non-wakeup | STMicro         | ver: 140551 | type: android.sensor.accelerometer_uncalibrated(35) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000000
        continuous | minRate=5.00Hz | maxRate=415.97Hz | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 3000) events | non-wakeUp |
0x0000000b) rotation vector  Non-wakeup | xiaomi          | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.rotation_vector(11) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000000
        continuous | minRate=1.00Hz | maxRate=200.00Hz | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | non-wakeUp |
0x0000000c) orientation  Non-wakeup   | xiaomi          | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.orientation(3) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000000
        continuous | minRate=1.00Hz | maxRate=200.00Hz | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 300) events | non-wakeUp |
0x0000000d) NonUi  Wakeup             | XiaoMi          | ver: 1 | type:  xiaomi.sensor.nonui(33171027) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000003
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | wakeUp |
0x0000000e) NonUi  Non-wakeup         | XiaoMi          | ver: 1 | type:  xiaomi.sensor.nonui(33171027) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000002
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | non-wakeUp |
0x0000000f) pickup  Wakeup            | XiaoMi          | ver: 1 | type: xiaomi.sensor.pickup(33171036) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000003
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | wakeUp |
0x00000010) pickup  Non-wakeup        | XiaoMi          | ver: 1 | type: xiaomi.sensor.pickup(33171036) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000002
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | non-wakeUp |
0x00000011) 3d_signature  Wakeup      | XiaoMi          | ver: 1 | type: xiaomi.sensor.3d_signature(33171032) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000003
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | wakeUp |
0x00000012) 3d_signature  Non-wakeup  | XiaoMi          | ver: 1 | type: xiaomi.sensor.3d_signature(33171032) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000002
        on-change | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=0us | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | non-wakeUp |
0x00000013) motion_detect_wakeup      | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.motion_detect(30) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000005
        one-shot | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=-1us | no batching | wakeUp |
0x00000014) motion_detect             | qualcomm        | ver: 1 | type: android.sensor.motion_detect(30) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000004
        one-shot | maxDelay=0us | minDelay=-1us | no batching | non-wakeUp |
0x00000015) tcs3701  Non-wakeup       | ams AG          | ver: 256 | type: xiaomi.sensor.ambientlight.factory(33171007) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000000
        continuous | minRate=1.00Hz | maxRate=2000.00Hz | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 0) events | non-wakeUp |
0x00000016) ak0991x Magnetometer-Uncalibrated Non-wakeup | akm             | ver: 20037 | type: android.sensor.magnetic_field_uncalibrated(14) | perm: n/a | flags: 0x00000000
        continuous | minRate=1.00Hz | maxRate=100.00Hz | FIFO (max,reserved) = (10000, 600) events | non-wakeUp |

在代码中，主要是通过SensorManager来操作。

sensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(Context.SENSOR_SERVICE);

View System

提供了所有视图组件（UI 控件）的基础结构，如 TextView、Button、ImageView 等，用户通过这些控件与应用进行交互。

这部分主要是代码中，各种View。比如

// 在 Activity 中查找一个 TextView
TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.my_text_view);