和差化积公式推导
依据
sin x = − sin − x cos x = cos − x sin ( a + b ) = sin a cos b + cos a sin b sin ( a − b ) = sin a cos b − cos a sin b cos ( a + b ) = cos a cos b − sin a sin b cos ( a − b ) = cos a cos b + sin a sin b \begin{aligned} \sin{x} &= -\sin{-x} \\ \cos{x} &= \cos{-x} \\ \sin{(a+b)} &= \sin{a}\cos{b}+\cos{a}\sin{b} \\ \sin{(a-b)} &= \sin{a}\cos{b}-\cos{a}\sin{b} \\ \cos{(a+b)} &= \cos{a}\cos{b}-\sin{a}\sin{b} \\ \cos{(a-b)} &= \cos{a}\cos{b}+\sin{a}\sin{b} \\ \end{aligned} sinxcosxsin(a+b)sin(a−b)cos(a+b)cos(a−b)=−sin−x=cos−x=sinacosb+cosasinb=sinacosb−cosasinb=cosacosb−sinasinb=cosacosb+sinasinb
推导
sin a = s i n ( a + b 2 − b − a 2 ) = sin a + b 2 cos b − a 2 − cos a + b 2 sin b − a 2 sin b = s i n ( a + b 2 − a − b 2 ) = sin a + b 2 cos a − b 2 − cos a + b 2 sin a − b 2 因此: sin a + sin b = 2 sin a + b 2 cos a − b 2 sin a − sin b = 2 cos a + b 2 sin a − b 2 \begin{aligned} &\sin{a} = sin{(\frac{a+b}{2}-\frac{b-a}{2})} = \sin{\frac{a+b}{2}}\cos{\frac{b-a}{2}} - \cos{\frac{a+b}{2}}\sin{\frac{b-a}{2}} \\ &\sin{b} = sin{(\frac{a+b}{2}-\frac{a-b}{2})} = \sin{\frac{a+b}{2}}\cos{\frac{a-b}{2}} - \cos{\frac{a+b}{2}}\sin{\frac{a-b}{2}} \\ \text{因此:} \\ &\sin{a}+\sin{b} = 2\sin{\frac{a+b}{2}}\cos{\frac{a-b}{2}} \\ &\sin{a}-\sin{b} = 2\cos{\frac{a+b}{2}}\sin{\frac{a-b}{2}} \end{aligned} 因此:sina=sin(2a+b−2b−a)=sin2a+bcos2b−a−cos2a+bsin2b−asinb=sin(2a+b−2a−b)=sin2a+bcos2a−b−cos2a+bsin2a−bsina+sinb=2sin2a+bcos2a−bsina−sinb=2cos2a+bsin2a−b
cos a = cos ( a + b 2 − b − a 2 ) = cos a + b 2 cos b − a 2 + sin a + b 2 sin b − a 2 cos b = cos ( a + b 2 − a − b 2 ) = cos a + b 2 cos a − b 2 + sin a + b 2 sin a − b 2 因此: cos a + cos b = 2 cos a + b 2 cos a − b 2 cos a − cos b = − 2 sin a + b 2 sin a − b 2 \begin{aligned} &\cos{a} = \cos{(\frac{a+b}{2}-\frac{b-a}{2})} = \cos{\frac{a+b}{2}}\cos{\frac{b-a}{2}}+\sin{\frac{a+b}{2}}\sin{\frac{b-a}{2}} \\ &\cos{b} = \cos{(\frac{a+b}{2}-\frac{a-b}{2})} = \cos{\frac{a+b}{2}}\cos{\frac{a-b}{2}}+\sin{\frac{a+b}{2}}\sin{\frac{a-b}{2}} \\ \text{因此:} \\ &\cos{a}+\cos{b} = 2\cos{\frac{a+b}{2}}\cos{\frac{a-b}{2}} \\ &\cos{a}-\cos{b} = -2\sin{\frac{a+b}{2}}\sin{\frac{a-b}{2}} \end{aligned} 因此:cosa=cos(2a+b−2b−a)=cos2a+bcos2b−a+sin2a+bsin2b−acosb=cos(2a+b−2a−b)=cos2a+bcos2a−b+sin2a+bsin2a−bcosa+cosb=2cos2a+bcos2a−bcosa−cosb=−2sin2a+bsin2a−b