基于STM32汇编程序的简单编写(LED)

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一、新建一个Keli工程

①打开Keil uVision5，找到File，然后点击New uVision Project

②选择需要使用的stm32芯片

③对Run-Time Environment进行设置，设置完成后，点击OK，这样一个工程就建立完成

④新建一个文本文件加入程序代码

//宏定义，用于存放stm32寄存器映射
#define PERIPH_BASE           ((unsigned int)0x40000000)//AHB
#define APB2PERIPH_BASE       (PERIPH_BASE + 0x10000)
#define GPIOA_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x0800)
//GPIOA_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x0800=0x40010800，该地址为GPIOA的基地址
#define GPIOB_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x0C00)
//GPIOB_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x0C00=0x40010C00，该地址为GPIOB的基地址
#define GPIOC_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1000)
//GPIOC_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x1000=0x40011000，该地址为GPIOC的基地址
#define GPIOD_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1400)
//GPIOD_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x1400=0x40011400，该地址为GPIOD的基地址
#define GPIOE_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1800)
//GPIOE_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x0800=0x40011800，该地址为GPIOE的基地址
#define GPIOF_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1C00)
//GPIOF_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x0800=0x40011C00，该地址为GPIOF的基地址
#define GPIOG_BASE            (APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x2000)
//GPIOG_BASE=0x40000000+0x10000+0x0800=0x40012000，该地址为GPIOG的基地址
#define GPIOA_ODR_Addr    (GPIOA_BASE+12) //0x4001080C
#define GPIOB_ODR_Addr    (GPIOB_BASE+12) //0x40010C0C
#define GPIOC_ODR_Addr    (GPIOC_BASE+12) //0x4001100C
#define GPIOD_ODR_Addr    (GPIOD_BASE+12) //0x4001140C
#define GPIOE_ODR_Addr    (GPIOE_BASE+12) //0x4001180C
#define GPIOF_ODR_Addr    (GPIOF_BASE+12) //0x40011A0C   
#define GPIOG_ODR_Addr    (GPIOG_BASE+12) //0x40011E0C 
 
#define BITBAND(addr, bitnum) ((addr & 0xF0000000)+0x2000000+((addr &0xFFFFF)<<5)+(bitnum<<2))
#define MEM_ADDR(addr)  *((volatile unsigned long  *)(addr))
 
 #define LED0  MEM_ADDR(BITBAND(GPIOA_ODR_Addr,8))
//#define LED0 *((volatile unsigned long *)(0x422101a0)) //PA8
//定义typedef类型别名
typedef  struct
{
   volatile  unsigned  int  CR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  CFGR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  CIR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  APB2RSTR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  APB1RSTR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  AHBENR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  APB2ENR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  APB1ENR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  BDCR;
   volatile  unsigned  int  CSR;
} RCC_TypeDef;
 
#define RCC ((RCC_TypeDef *)0x40021000)
//定义typedef类型别名
typedef  struct
{
volatile  unsigned  int  CRL;
volatile  unsigned  int  CRH;
volatile  unsigned  int  IDR;
volatile  unsigned  int  ODR;
volatile  unsigned  int  BSRR;
volatile  unsigned  int  BRR;
volatile  unsigned  int  LCKR;
} GPIO_TypeDef;
//GPIOA指向地址GPIOA_BASE,GPIOA_BASE地址存放的数据类型为GPIO_TypeDef
#define GPIOA ((GPIO_TypeDef *)GPIOA_BASE)
 
void  LEDInit( void )
{
     RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2;  //GPIOA 时钟开启
     GPIOA->CRH&=0XFFFFFFF0;
     GPIOA->CRH|=0X00000003; 
}
 
//粗略延时
void  Delay_ms( volatile  unsigned  int  t)
{
     unsigned  int  i,n;
     for (n=0;n<t;n++)
         for (i=0;i<800;i++);
}

int main(void)
{
	 LEDInit();
     while (1)
     {
         LED0=0;//LED熄灭
         Delay_ms(500);//延时时间
         LED0=1;//LED亮
         Delay_ms(500);//延时时间
     }
}

⑤将上面的文件保存在该工程文件里，命名为mian.c
然后右键点击 Source Group 1 ，然后点击 Add Existing Files to Group …
（在工程下添加main.c文件）

⑥编译程序

二、stm32程序仿真调试

1.调试前的设置

①首先点击 魔法棒，然后在弹出的窗口内，点击 Debug，勾选 Use Simulator ，再选择 ULINK2/ME Cortex Debugger ，并点击 Settings 。

②确定一下Port是JTAG，Reset可以设置为Autodetect或SYSRESEETREQ，然后点击OK返回上一级窗口，再点击OK。

2.开始调试

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三、分析HEX文件

:020000040800F2
:100000000006002031010008390100083B0100080A
:100010003D0100083F010008410100080000000008
:100020000000000000000000000000004301000884
:1000300045010008000000004701000849010008D0
:100040004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000860
:100050004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000850
:100060004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000840
:100070004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000830
:100080004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000820
:100090004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000810
:1000A0004B0100084B0100084B0100084B01000800
:1000B0004B0100084B0100084B0100084B010008F0
:1000C0004B0100084B0100084B0100084B010008E0
:1000D0004B0100084B0100084B0100084B010008D0
:1000E0004B0100084B0100084B0100084B010008C0
:1000F0004B0100084B0100084B0100084B010008B0
:100100004B0100084B0100084B0100084B0100089F
:100110004B0100084B0100084B0100084B0100088F
:100120004B0100084B0100084B0100084B0100087F
:100130000948804709480047FEE7FEE7FEE7FEE77B
:10014000FEE7FEE7FEE7FEE7FEE7FEE704480549B7
:10015000054A064B7047000041020008990200085A
:100160000000002000060020000200200002002005
:10017000704770477047000080B500F001F880BDFF
:1001800082B041F204000021C4F20200019100910A
:1001900050F8041C41F4803140F8041C50F8041C51
:1001A00001F400310091019901310191009919B9CF
:1001B0000199B1F5A06FF1D150F8041C890354BF27
:1001C0000021012100910099012936D142F200015C
:1001D000C4F202010A6842F010020A600A6822F0C2
:1001E00003020A600A6842F002020A6001680160C4
:1001F00001680160016841F480610160016821F4D7
:100200007C110160016841F4E811016050F8041CA0
:1002100041F0807140F8041C50F8041C8901FBD5A2
:10022000016821F003010160016841F002010160F1
:10023000016801F00C010829FAD102B070470000F2
:1002400080B541F20000C4F202000168002241F0D2
:10025000010101604168CFF6FF0211404160016871
:100260004FF6FF72CFF6F66211400160016821F48B
:1002700080210160416821F4FE0141604FF41F01BB
:100280008160FFF779FF4EF60850CEF200004FF084
:100290000061016080BD00004FF00A004FF00B01CB
:1002A0004FF00C024FF00D0300F009F800F00AF8CF
:1002B00000F00BF8DFF81CE0DFF81CF0FEE74FF071
:1002C000050570474FF0060670474FF007074FF0DF
:0C02D00008087047BF020008CB020008BD
:040000050800029954
:00000001FF

该文件为16进制的一串字符。hex文件的第一排字符称之为扩展线性地址记录，也称为32位地址记录或HEX386记录。
在第一行数据020000040800F2中，其实际表达为0x02 0x00 0x00 0x04 0x08 0x00 0xf2。具体含义为

第一个字节 0x02表示本行数据的长度；

第二、三字节 0x00 0x00表示本行数据的起始地址；

第四字节 0x04表示数据类型，数据类型有：0x00、0x01、0x02、0x03、0x04、0x05

‘00’ Data Rrecord：用来记录数据，HEX文件的大部分记录都是数据记录
‘01’ End of File Record: 用来标识文件结束，放在文件的最后，标识HEX文件的结尾

‘02’ Extended Segment Address Record: 用来标识扩展段地址的记录

‘03’ Start Segment Address Record:开始段地址记录

‘04’ Extended Linear Address Record: 用来标识扩展线性地址的记录

‘05’ Start Linear Address Record:开始线性地址记录

然后是数据，0x08 0x00

最后一个字节 0xf2为校验和。

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总结

此次实验我学习了如何使用Keli，并且完成了简单的编译和仿真测试，稍微了解了HEX文件的含义。