python numpy数组的合并与拆分

 
代码：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
import numpy as np

# ## 数组的合并
X = np.arange(12).reshape(3,4)
print(X)
a = np.array([6,6,6,6])
print(a)

# ## np.concatenate()方法
# 合并数组维度需相同
print(np.concatenate((X, a.reshape(1,4))))

# X,a未发生任何改变
print(X)
print(a)

# ## np.vstack() 竖直合并方法

# a不需要转换为二维数组
print(np.vstack((X, a)))

# ## np.hstack() 水平合并方法

B = np.full((3,2), 666)
print(B)
# 传入一个元祖
print(np.hstack((X, B)))

# np.concatenate()也可水平方向合并，axis=1（axis默认为0）
print(np.concatenate((X,B), axis=1))


# ## 数组的拆分
print(X)

# ## np.split()方法

# 拆分行
# 第二个参数为要拆分出来的索引
print(np.split(X, [-1], axis=0))

# 拆分列
X1, X2 = np.split(X, [-1], axis=1)
print(X1)
print(X2)


# ## np.vsplit()方法  竖直方向上的拆分
# ## np.hsplit()方法  水平方向上的拆分

# 拆分出前两行
print(np.vsplit(X, [2]))  # [0:2]和[2:]拆分出来

X1, X2, X3 = np.hsplit(X, [1, 3])  # [0:1] [1:3] [3:]拆分出来
print(X1)
print(X2)
print(X3)

运行结果：
[[ 0 1 2 3]
[ 4 5 6 7]
[ 8 9 10 11]]
[6 6 6 6]
[[ 0 1 2 3]
[ 4 5 6 7]
[ 8 9 10 11]
[ 6 6 6 6]]
[[ 0 1 2 3]
[ 4 5 6 7]
[ 8 9 10 11]]
[6 6 6 6]
[[ 0 1 2 3]
[ 4 5 6 7]
[ 8 9 10 11]
[ 6 6 6 6]]
[[666 666]
[666 666]
[666 666]]
[[ 0 1 2 3 666 666]
[ 4 5 6 7 666 666]
[ 8 9 10 11 666 666]]
[[ 0 1 2 3 666 666]
[ 4 5 6 7 666 666]
[ 8 9 10 11 666 666]]
[[ 0 1 2 3]
[ 4 5 6 7]
[ 8 9 10 11]]
[array([[0, 1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6, 7]]), array([[ 8, 9, 10, 11]])]
[[ 0 1 2]
[ 4 5 6]
[ 8 9 10]]
[[ 3]
[ 7]
[11]]
[array([[0, 1, 2, 3],
[4, 5, 6, 7]]), array([[ 8, 9, 10, 11]])]
[[0]
[4]
[8]]
[[ 1 2]
[ 5 6]
[ 9 10]]
[[ 3]
[ 7]
[11]]