使用 C++ 在 Linux 平台上通过 socket 实现进程间通信

服务端

server.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstring>

int main() {
    int server_fd, new_socket;
    struct sockaddr_in address;
    int opt = 1;
    int addrlen = sizeof(address);
    char buffer[1024] = {0};

    // 创建 socket
    if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
        perror("socket failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 绑定 socket
    if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR | SO_REUSEPORT, &opt, sizeof(opt))) {
        perror("setsockopt");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
    address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    address.sin_port = htons(8080);

    if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {
        perror("bind failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 监听
    if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {
        perror("listen");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 接受连接
    if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t*)&addrlen)) < 0) {
        perror("accept");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 读取来自客户端的数据
    read(new_socket, buffer, 1024);
    std::cout << "Message from client: " << buffer << std::endl;

    // 发送回应
    const char *response = "Hello from server";
    send(new_socket, response, strlen(response), 0);

    // 关闭 socket
    close(new_socket);
    close(server_fd);

    return 0;
}

客户端

client.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <cstring>

int main() {
    int sock = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    const char *message = "Hello from client";
    char buffer[1024] = {0};

    // 创建 socket
    if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
        std::cout << "Socket creation error" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(8080);

    // 转换 IP 地址
    if(inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serv_addr.sin_addr) <= 0) {
        std::cout << "Invalid address/ Address not supported" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    // 连接到服务器
    if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
        std::cout << "Connection Failed" << std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    // 发送消息
    send(sock, message, strlen(message), 0);

    // 读取服务器的回应
    read(sock, buffer, 1024);
    std::cout << "Message from server: " << buffer << std::endl;

    // 关闭 socket
    close(sock);

    return 0;
}

说明

• 服务器:
  创建一个 socket 并绑定到端口 8080。
  监听连接并接受客户端请求。
  接收消息并发送回应。
• 客户端:
  创建一个 socket 并连接到服务器的 127.0.0.1:8080。
  发送消息并接收回应。
• 编译:
  使用 g++ 编译：g++ server.cpp -o server 和 g++ client.cpp -o client。
• 运行:
  先运行服务器：./server。
  然后运行客户端：./client。

运行

$./server
Message from client: Hello from client

$./client
Message from server: Hello from server