直接上源码吧:
在主线程中创建一个信号量mutex(注意参数,当前值和最大值都设为1),开启总计PRODUCER_COUNT份producer线程,不停地对该信号量mutex进行PV操作;再开启COMSUNER_COUNT份comsumer线程尝试获取信号量mutex,并打印时间。
主要用到以下函数:
函数CreateSemaphore用来创建信号量,其中第二个和第三个参数表示资源的当前值和最大值。
函数WaitForSingleObject获取信号量权限,使用((ret_code == WAIT_OBJECT_0) || (ret_code == WAIT_ABANDONED))来判断P操作成功。
函数ReleaseSemaphore来释放信号量。
信号量的用途在于保证一个某变量(注意被操作变量,不是信号量本身,信号量只是一个加锁的标志)在同一时间只被一个线程编辑,机上锁解锁的功能,确保某变量再多线程间是同步的,不会发生冲突。
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#define p(s) WaitForSingleObject(s, INFINITE);
#define vs(s) ReleaseSemaphore(s,1,NULL);
//#define vm(s) ReleaseMutex(s);
const int PRODUCER_SLEEP_TIME=100;
const int CONSUMER_SLEEP_TIME=100;
const int PRODUCER_COUNT=10;
const int CONSUMER_COUNT=1;
using namespace std;
//定义信号量
HANDLE mutex;
//生产者线程
DWORD WINAPI Producer(LPVOID producer)
{
while(true){
int ret_code = p(mutex);
if ((ret_code == WAIT_OBJECT_0) || (ret_code == WAIT_ABANDONED))
{
;//printf("Producer:: P success !\n");
}
else
{
printf("Producer:: P fail !!! err_code = %d\n",GetLastError());
}
Sleep(PRODUCER_SLEEP_TIME);
BOOL a=vs(mutex);
if (a == TRUE)
{
;//printf("Producer:: V success !\n");;
}
else
{
printf("Producer:: V fail !!! err_code = %d\n",GetLastError());
}
}
return 0;
}
//消费者线程
DWORD WINAPI Consumer(LPVOID consumer)
{
while(true){
int ret_code = p(mutex);
if ((ret_code == WAIT_OBJECT_0) || (ret_code == WAIT_ABANDONED))
{
;//printf("Consumer:: P success !\n");;
}
else
{
printf("Consumer:: P fail !!! err_code = %d\n",GetLastError());
}
SYSTEMTIME sys;
GetLocalTime( &sys );
printf( "%4d/%02d/%02d %02d:%02d:%02d.%03d 星期%1d\n",sys.wYear,sys.wMonth,sys.wDay,sys.wHour,sys.wMinute,sys.wSecond,sys.wMilliseconds,sys.wDayOfWeek);
Sleep(CONSUMER_SLEEP_TIME);
BOOL a=vs(mutex);
if (a == TRUE)
{
;//printf("Consumer:: V success !\n");;
}
else
{
printf("Consumer:: V fail !!! err_code = %d\n",GetLastError());
}
}
return 0;
}
int main()
{
//创建信号量对象
mutex = CreateSemaphore(NULL,1,1,NULL);
DWORD producer_id[PRODUCER_COUNT]; //生产者线程的标识符
DWORD consumer_id[CONSUMER_COUNT]; //消费者线程的标识符
for(int i=0; i<PRODUCER_COUNT; i++)
{
CreateThread(NULL,0,Producer,NULL,0,&producer_id[i]);
}
//创建消费者线程
for(int i=0; i<CONSUMER_COUNT; i++)
{
CreateThread(NULL,0,Consumer,NULL,0,&consumer_id[i]);
}
getchar();
getchar();
}