目录
一、常用命令
pip 是Python的包管理工具,用于安装、升级、卸载和列出已安装的第三方库。以下是一些常用的pip命令:
1、查看pip版本
`pip --version`
2、查看已安装的第三方库
`pip list` 或 `pip list -o`(显示可升级的包)。
3、安装第三方库
`pip install <包名>`,
例如 `pip install requests`。
4、安装指定版本的第三方库
`pip install <包名><版本号>`,例如 `pip install requests2.24.0`。
5、升级已安装的第三方库
`pip install --upgrade <包名>`,例如 `pip install --upgrade requests`。
6、卸载已安装的第三方库
`pip uninstall <包名>`,例如 `pip uninstall requests`。
7、列出安装的包信息
`pip show <包名>` 或 `pip show -f <包名>`,例如 `pip show requests`。
8、查看需要被升级的包
`pip list -o`,显示可升级的包。
9、查看已安装包的版本信息
`pip freeze`。
10、安装指定文件中的包
`pip install -r requirements.txt`,例如 `pip install -r requirements.txt`。
11、更新pip
`python -m pip install --upgrade pip`。
12、指定安装源
`pip install <包名> -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple`,
例如 `pip install requests -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple`。
二、设置国内源
1、设置命令
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip config命令介绍
pip config --help
Usage:
pip config [<file-option>] list
pip config [<file-option>] [--editor <editor-path>] edit
pip config [<file-option>] get name
pip config [<file-option>] set name value
pip config [<file-option>] unset name
Description:
Manage local and global configuration.
Subcommands:
list: List the active configuration (or from the file specified)
edit: Edit the configuration file in an editor
get: Get the value associated with name
set: Set the name=value
unset: Unset the value associated with name
If none of --user, --global and --site are passed, a virtual
environment configuration file is used if one is active and the file
exists. Otherwise, all modifications happen on the to the user file by
default.
Config Options:
--editor <editor> Editor to use to edit the file. Uses VISUAL or EDITOR environment variables if not
provided.
--global Use the system-wide configuration file only
--user Use the user configuration file only
--site Use the current environment configuration file only
General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
(a)bort.
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
certificate in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.
--no-color Suppress colored output
--no-python-version-warning
Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.
2、国内源列表
清华源:
https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
阿里源: