一:javascript语法三种
1:基本语法
2:DOM:Document Object Model 把html文档当成一个界面
3:BOM:Browse Object Model 把浏览器当成一个界面
二:
1:
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write("<br>会加粗的字体</br>");
</script>
//先将字符串原封不动的打印出来,然后再交给浏览器解析,所以字体就会被加粗。
2:多段javascript代码变量可以共用:如
<script Language="JavaScript">
var greeting;
greeting = "welcome to the js";
</script>
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write(greeting);
</script>
3:
IE javascript调试设置
打开IE-工具—Internet选项-高级:
禁用脚本调试 不打勾
显示每个脚本错误的通知 打勾
4:javascript变量,数组的定义和使用
<script Language="JavaScript">
var arr = new Array(3);
arr[0] = 1;
arr[1] = 2;
arr[2] = 3;
arr[3] = 4;//可以访问到第四个元素
</script>
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write(arr[3]);
</script>
5:javascript逻辑运算符
<script Language="JavaScript">
var result1,result2,result3;
result1 = true && false;
result2 = true || false;
result3 = !true;
</script>
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write(result1 + "<br>");
document.write(result2 + "<br>");
document.write(result3);
</script>
6:javascript链接运算符(+)
<script Language="JavaScript">
var h ="hello";
var g = "world";
</script>
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write(h + g);
</script>
7:javascript substring函数
<script Language="JavaScript">
var h ="welcome to the JS";
</script>
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write(h.substring(3,9));//打印出来的是come t
</script>
8:javascript 三目运算符
<script Language="JavaScript">
var result1 = (3>4) ? ”Y“ : ”N“;
</script>
<script Language="JavaScript">
document.write(result1);//打印出来的是come t
</script>
9:javascript Date(javascript的内置对象)
<script Language="JavaScript">
var today = new Date();
var hour = today.getHours();//Date类的方法
if(hour<12)
{
document.write("good morning");
}else if(hour == 12)
{
document.write("good noon");
}else
{
document.write("good afternoon");
}
</script>
10:javascript while循环
<script Language="JavaScript">
var i = 1;
while(i<10)
{
document.write(i+"<br>");
i++;
}
</script>
11:javascript switch case 语句
<script Language="JavaScript">
var i = 1;
switch(i)
{
case 1:
document.write("1");
break;
case 2:
document.write("2");
break;
default:
document.write("default");
break;
}
</script>
12:javascript for 语句
<script Language="JavaScript">
var arr = new Array(1,2,3,4);
for(i=0;i<arr.lengt;i++)
{
document.write(arr[i] + "<br>");
}
</script>
13:javascript 字符串长度
<script Language="JavaScript">
var str = "Hello World";
var i =0;
while(i<str.length)
{
document.write(str.charAt(i) + "<br>");
i++;
}
</script>
三:javascript事件处理
1:onFocus事件:当表单元素如text ,select,textarea等获得焦点的时候
<form name="test">
<input type="text" name="username" value="SXT"
onFocus="JavaScript:alert(document.test.username.value)">
</form>
2:onBlur事件:当表单元素如text ,select,textarea等失去焦点的时候
<form name="test">
<input type="text" name="username" value="SXT"
onFocus="JavaScript:alert(document.test.username.value)">
</form>
3:onChange事件:当表单元素如text ,select,textarea的值被改变且失去焦点的时候
<form name="test">
<input type="text" name="username" value="SXT"
onFocus="JavaScript:alert(document.test.username.value)">
</form>
4:onclick事件:当鼠标点击某个元素的时候
<form name="test">
<img src="xsd.jpg" οnclick="alert('Ok')"><img>
</form>
5:onLoad 和 onUnload事件,onLoad是当一个document被加载的时候触发该事件,onUnload是当一个document要消失的时候出发事件
<body onLoad="javascript:alert('hello');" onUnload="javascript:alert('bye-bye');">
</body>
6:onmouseover 和 onmouseout事件,onmouseover 是当一个鼠标进入某个对象的时候触发该事件,onmouseout是当一个鼠标移动某个对象的时候触发该事件
<img src="xsd.jpg" onmouseover ="javascript:alert('over');" οnmοuseοut="javascript:alert('out');">
</img>
7:onSelect事件,当form表单中的元素被选中的时候,如当文本框中的值被选中的时候触发该事件
8:onSubmit事件,当点击form表单中的提交按钮的时候出发该事件
<form name="test" action="1.htm" οnsubmit="alert('form表单下一步提交')">
<input type="submit" value="OK">
</form>
四:javascript的三种对话框
javascript
1:警示框 alert
2:询问框
<script Language="JavaScript">
var username = prompt("请输入你的名字");
document.write("你好" + username);
</script>
3:确认框
<script Language="JavaScript">
function confirmit(){
if(confirm("你确认删除文件吗?"))
{
document.testa.sumbit();
}
}
</script>
<form name="testa" action="delete.jsp" method="post">
<input type="button" value="删除文件" οnclick="javascript:confirmit()" name="aaa">
</form>
五:javascript的内置对象
1:this(指的是当前标签)
<script Language="JavaScript">
function checkit(obj){
if(obj.value=="")
{
alert("空值");
}
else
{
alert(obj.value);
}
}
</script>
<img src="xsd.jpg" οnclick="javascript:alert(this.src);">//这里的this指的是<img签
<form name = "ttt">
<input type="text" name="ddd" value="ddaaa" οnclick="javascript:checkit(this)">
</form>
2:for in对象
<script Language="JavaScript">
a = new Array("alex","mark","sean");
for(eee in a)
{
document.write(eee + "--");//打印结果是0--
document.write(a[eee] + "<br>");//打印结果是alex
}
}
</script>
3:with对象
<script Language="JavaScript">
with(document)
{
write("a");
write("b");
write("c");
}
</script>
4:new对象
<script Language="JavaScript">
var today = new Date();
alert(today.getDate());
</script>
六:窗口中的对象和元素
widow内置对象(window对象指的是当前的浏览器窗口)
1:
<script Language="JavaScript">
window.status = "hello,here";//status指的是当前窗口的最下方的状态栏
</script>
<form name="tt">
<input type="button" value="test" onMouseOver="javascript:window.status='haha';">
</form>
2:
<script Language="JavaScript">
//window.open("1.htm","newWin","toolbar=no,left=200,top=100,menubar=no,width=100,height=100,resizable=no");//newWin新窗口的名字,toolbar是浏览器上的工具栏(没有),menubar是浏览器上的菜单栏(没有)
window.open("1.htm");
</script>
3:在父窗口中关闭子窗口
<script Language="JavaScript">
var abc = window.open("1.htm","newWin","toolbar=no,left=200,top=100,menubar=no,width=100,height=100,resizable=no");
</script>
<input type="button" οnclick="javascript:abc.close();" value="关闭">
4:
window.location 和 document.location(两者指的都是浏览器中地址栏的内容)
<script Language="JavaScript">
alert(window.location);
alert(document.location);
</script>
5:
32.htm
<script Language="JavaScript">
function goTo()
{
window.location="33.htm";
}
</script>
<input type="button" value="转向" οnclick="javascript:goTo();">
33.htm
<script Language="JavaScript">
function goBack()
{
history.back();//返回上一页(即32.htm),相当于浏览器工具栏中的后退按钮,history就是浏览历史
}
</script>
<input type="button" value="返回" οnclick="javascript:goBack();">