QT截图程序三-截取自定义多边形

上一篇文章QT截图程序，可多屏幕截图二，增加调整截图区域功能-CSDN博客描述了如何截取，具备调整边缘功能后已经方便使用了，但是与系统自带的程序相比，似乎没有什么特别，只能截取矩形区域。

如果可以按照自己定义截取多边形，那样功能会强大许多。下面是程序主要功能截取任意边的多边形，不规则形状截取的好帮手。先看看效果。这是截取到的图像

具体步骤：

操作方法，使用左键点击选择点，右键点击时，最后一个点和第一个点连接完成截图。按下空格键跳转到保存界面。

思路：

1. 记录点击的每个点，然后把它们当成多边形绘制在屏幕上

QPainter painter(this);

    
    painter.setPen(Qt::red);

    if (m_points.size() == 1)
    {
        painter.drawLine(m_points.at(0), QCursor::pos());   //只有一个点，线随着鼠标活动
    }
    else if (m_points.size() > 1)
    {
        int i=1;
        for (i=1; i<m_points.size(); ++i)
        {
            painter.drawLine(m_points.at(i-1), m_points.at(i));
        }
        if (snapstate == Snapped)
        {
            painter.drawLine(m_points.at(i-1), m_points.at(0));     //最后一个点和初始点连接
        }
        else
        {
            painter.drawLine(m_points.at(i-1), QCursor::pos()); //最后一个点，线随着鼠标活动
        }
    }

2. 完成时将所选区域透明化来做区分。

QRegion all(0, 0, width(), height());
QPolygon tempMask(this->m_points.toVector());

QRegion sub(tempMask);
setMask(all.subtracted(sub));
m_maskRect = tempMask.boundingRect();

3. 取所选多边形的边框矩形，然后将它从大图中分离出来，

QImage img = combined.copy(m_maskRect).toImage();   //根据选中区域的边框剪裁图像
img.convertTo(QImage::Format_RGBA8888);

4. 平移多边形，使它位于剪裁后的区域

QPolygon tempMask(this->m_points.toVector());

tempMask.translate(-m_maskRect.x(), -m_maskRect.y());   //平移多边形，使它位于剪裁后的区域

5. 根据多边形所在区域，判断矩形上的点是否在多边形内，通过图像alpha值来设置点的可见度

QPainterPath path;

path.addPolygon(tempMask);
for (int i=0; i<img.width(); ++i)
{
    for (int j=0; j<img.height(); ++j)
    {
        QColor col = img.pixelColor(i, j);
        QPainterPath pathPoint = QPainterPath(QPointF(i,j));
        if(path.contains(pathPoint))//判断位置i,j是否在多边形内
        {
            col.setAlpha(255);
        }
        else
        {
            col.setAlpha(0);
        }
        img.setPixelColor(i,j,col);
    }
}

平移和提取的示意图，第一步，类似在窗口里选中了一个多边形，红色矩形是多边形的boundingRect：

第二部，截取矩形边框，类似将矩形边框平移到左上角

第三步，第二部的操作导致矩形和多边形不重叠，此时要移动多边形，然后将只留它们。

代码：

源文件：

#include "maskwidget.h"
#include "ui_maskwidget.h"
#include <QMouseEvent>
#include <QRegion>
#include <QScreen>
#include <QPainter>
#include <QGuiApplication>
#include <QPixmap>
#include <QCursor>
#include <QList>
#include <QPolygon>
#include <QPainterPath>
#include <QDebug>

//const int MINSIZE = 10;

MaskWidget::MaskWidget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MaskWidget)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    setMouseTracking(true);
    setWindowFlags(Qt::FramelessWindowHint);

    setWindowOpacity(0.8);
    QList<QScreen*> screens = QGuiApplication::screens();
    int width = 0;
    int height = 0;
    for (QScreen *screen : screens)
    {
        width += screen->geometry().width();
        if (height < screen->geometry().height())
        {
            height = screen->geometry().height();
        }

    }
    this->setFixedSize(width, height);

    m.hide();

    connect(&m, SIGNAL(resetSnap()), this, SLOT(ResetSnap()));
}

MaskWidget::~MaskWidget()
{
    delete ui;
}

void MaskWidget::mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event)
{
    qDebug()<< __func__<<event->pos();
    if (event->button() == Qt::LeftButton)
    {
        if (snapstate == NoSnap)
        {
            m_points.push_back(event->pos());
        }
    }
    if (event->button() == Qt::RightButton)
    {

        snapstate = Snapped;

        QRegion all(0, 0, width(), height());
        QPolygon tempMask(this->m_points.toVector());

        QRegion sub(tempMask);
        setMask(all.subtracted(sub));
        m_maskRect = tempMask.boundingRect();

    }
    update();
    QWidget::mousePressEvent(event);
}

void MaskWidget::mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event)
{

    update();
    return QWidget::mouseReleaseEvent(event);
}

void MaskWidget::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent* event)
{

    update();
    return QWidget::mouseMoveEvent(event);
}

void MaskWidget::paintEvent(QPaintEvent *)
{
    QPainter painter(this);

    
    painter.setPen(Qt::red);

    if (m_points.size() == 1)
    {
        painter.drawLine(m_points.at(0), QCursor::pos());   //只有一个点，线随着鼠标活动
    }
    else if (m_points.size() > 1)
    {
        int i=1;
        for (i=1; i<m_points.size(); ++i)
        {
            painter.drawLine(m_points.at(i-1), m_points.at(i));
        }
        if (snapstate == Snapped)
        {
            painter.drawLine(m_points.at(i-1), m_points.at(0));     //最后一个点和初始点连接
        }
        else
        {
            painter.drawLine(m_points.at(i-1), QCursor::pos()); //最后一个点，线随着鼠标活动
        }
    }

}

void MaskWidget::keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event)
{
    if (event->key() == Qt::Key_Escape)
    {
        close();
    }
    else if (event->key() == Qt::Key_Space) //空格键截图
    {
        QPixmap combined(this->width(), this->height());
        combined.fill(Qt::transparent);
        QPainter painter(&combined);

        QList<QScreen*> screens = QGuiApplication::screens();
        for (QScreen *screen : screens)
        {
            m_image = screen->grabWindow(0);
            painter.drawPixmap(screen->geometry().x(), 0, screen->geometry().width(), screen->geometry().height(), m_image);
        }

        QImage img = combined.copy(m_maskRect).toImage();   //根据选中区域的边框剪裁图像
        img.convertTo(QImage::Format_RGBA8888);
        QPainterPath path;
        QPolygon tempMask(this->m_points.toVector());

        tempMask.translate(-m_maskRect.x(), -m_maskRect.y());   //平移多边形，使它位于剪裁后的区域

        path.addPolygon(tempMask);
        for (int i=0; i<img.width(); ++i)
        {
            for (int j=0; j<img.height(); ++j)
            {
                QColor col = img.pixelColor(i, j);
                QPainterPath pathPoint = QPainterPath(QPointF(i,j));
                if(path.contains(pathPoint))//判断位置i,j是否在多边形内
                {
                    col.setAlpha(255);
                }
                else
                {
                    col.setAlpha(0);
                }
                img.setPixelColor(i,j,col);
            }
        }
        QPixmap pix = QPixmap::fromImage(img);
        m.SetImage(pix);
        this->hide();
        m.show();
    }
    QWidget::keyPressEvent(event);
}

void MaskWidget::showEvent(QShowEvent *event)
{
    QWidget::showEvent(event);
}

void MaskWidget::ResetSnap()
{
    QRegion all(0, 0, width(), height());
    setMask(all);
    m_maskRect.setRect(0,0,0,0);
    snapstate = NoSnap;
    m_points.clear();
    this->show();
}

头文件

#ifndef MASKWIDGET_H
#define MASKWIDGET_H

#include <QWidget>
#include "mainwindow.h"
namespace Ui {
class MaskWidget;
}
enum SnapState{
    NoSnap,
    Snapped,
    PreLeftDrag,
    LeftDrag,
    PreRightDrag,
    RightDrag,
    PreTopDrag,
    TopDrag,
    PreBottomDrag,
    BottomDrag
};

class MaskWidget : public QWidget
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    explicit MaskWidget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MaskWidget();
protected:
    void mousePressEvent(QMouseEvent *event)override;
    void mouseReleaseEvent(QMouseEvent *event)override;
    void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event)override;
    void paintEvent(QPaintEvent *event)override;
    void keyPressEvent(QKeyEvent *event) override;
    void showEvent(QShowEvent *event) override;

private slots:
    void ResetSnap();

private:
    QPoint m_pressPos;
    QPoint m_newPos;
    QRect m_maskRect{0, 0, 0, 0};
    QPixmap m_image;
    bool isPressed{false};
    MainWindow m;
    SnapState snapstate{NoSnap};

    QList<QPoint> m_points;
private:
    Ui::MaskWidget *ui;

};

#endif // MASKWIDGET_H

mainwindow.cpp同第二篇文章

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QFileDialog>
#include <QPushButton>



MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent)
    : QMainWindow(parent)
    , ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->setWindowTitle(QString(tr("截图")));
    ui->centralwidget->setMouseTracking(true);
    ui->comboBox->addItem(QString(tr(".")));
    ui->comboBox->addItem(QString(tr("Select Folder")));
    connect(ui->comboBox, SIGNAL(activated(int)), this, SLOT(SelectFolder(int)));
    connect(ui->button_reset, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(ResetSnap(bool)));
    connect(ui->button_save, SIGNAL(clicked(bool)), this, SLOT(SavePicture(bool)));
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
}

void MainWindow::mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event)
{
    qDebug()<<this->geometry();
    QMainWindow::mouseMoveEvent(event);
}

void MainWindow::SetImage(QPixmap &pixmap)
{
    const double defultWidth = 400.0;
    const double defaultHeight = 160.0;

    ui->label->setPixmap(pixmap);
    double pixscale = 1.0 * pixmap.width()/pixmap.height();
    double initscale = defultWidth/defaultHeight;
    if (pixscale > initscale)
    {
        ui->label->setFixedWidth(defultWidth);
        ui->label->setFixedHeight(defultWidth / pixscale);
    }
    else
    {
        ui->label->setFixedHeight(defaultHeight);
        ui->label->setFixedWidth(defaultHeight * pixscale);
    }
}

void MainWindow::SelectFolder(int index)
{
    if (index == 1)
    {
        qDebug()<<ui->comboBox->itemText(index);
        QString directory = QFileDialog::getExistingDirectory(this,
                                    tr("QFileDialog::getExistingDirectory()"),
                                    ".");
        if (!directory.isEmpty())
        {
            qDebug()<<directory;
            ui->comboBox->addItem(directory);
            ui->comboBox->setCurrentText(directory);
        }
    }
}

void MainWindow::ResetSnap(bool)
{
    this->hide();
    emit resetSnap();
}

void MainWindow::SavePicture(bool)
{
    if (ui->comboBox->currentText() != ".")
    {
        ui->label->pixmap()->save(ui->comboBox->currentText() + "/" + ui->lineEdit->text(), "PNG");
    }
    else
    {
        ui->label->pixmap()->save(ui->lineEdit->text(), "PNG");
    }
}

mainwindow.h同第二篇文章

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>

QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
namespace Ui { class MainWindow; }
QT_END_NAMESPACE

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
    ~MainWindow();
    void SetImage(QPixmap &pixmap);

protected:
    void mouseMoveEvent(QMouseEvent *event) override;

private slots:
    void SelectFolder(int index);
    void ResetSnap(bool);
    void SavePicture(bool);

signals:
    void resetSnap();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;
};
#endif // MAINWINDOW_H