Given an integer array of size n, find all elements that appear more than ⌊ n/3 ⌋
times.
Note: The algorithm should run in linear time and in O(1) space.
Example 1:
Input: [3,2,3] Output: [3]
Example 2:
Input: [1,1,1,3,3,2,2,2] Output: [1,2]
思路:由于要求算法的时间复杂度为O(N),并且空间复杂度为O(1),那么哈希表,排序等算法均不能考虑
但我们注意到题目要求出现的众数必须出现n/3次以上,易知这样的数在一个数组中出现最多只有两个
由此,按照摩尔投票的模板,我们容易写出如下代码
class Solution {
public List<Integer> majorityElement(int[] nums) {
List<Integer> res = new ArrayList<>();
if(nums == null || nums.length == 0)
return res;
//定义两个候选人
int candidateA = nums[0];
int candidateB = nums[0];
int countA = 0;
int countB = 0;
for(int num:nums) {
if(num == candidateA) {
countA++;
continue;
}
if(num == candidateB) {
countB++;
continue;
}
if(countA == 0) {
candidateA = num;
countA = 1;
continue;
}
if(countB == 0) {
candidateB = num;
countB = 1;
continue;
}
countA--;
countB--;
}
countA = 0;
countB = 0;
for(int num:nums) {
if(num == candidateA) {
countA++;
} else if(num == candidateB) {
countB++;
}
}
if(countA > nums.length/3) {
res.add(candidateA);
}
if(countB > nums.length/3) {
res.add(candidateB);
}
return res;
}
}