Pytorch自带数据集介绍

torchvision.datasets.EMNIST(root: str, split: str, **kwargs: Any)

Parameters:
root (string) – Root directory of dataset where EMNIST/processed/training.pt and EMNIST/processed/test.pt exist.

split (string) – The dataset has 6 different splits: byclass, bymerge, balanced, letters, digits and mnist. This argument specifies which one to use.

train (bool, optional) – If True, creates dataset from training.pt, otherwise from test.pt.

download (bool, optional) – If true, downloads the dataset from the internet and puts it in root directory. If dataset is already downloaded, it is not downloaded again.

transform (callable, optional) – A function/transform that takes in an PIL image and returns a transformed version. E.g, transforms.RandomCrop

target_transform (callable, optional) – A function/transform that takes in the target and transforms it.

下载地址：

https://www.nist.gov/itl/products-and-services/emnist-dataset

作者：

Gregory Cohen, Saeed Afshar, Jonathan Tapson, Andre van Schaik

The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University

引用：

Cohen, G., Afshar, S., Tapson, J., & van Schaik, A. (2017). EMNIST: an extension of MNIST to handwritten letters. Retrieved from http://arxiv.org/abs/1702.05373

简介：

EMNIST来自NIST Special Database 19，包含了数字和大小写字母。大小为1.65GB，分为6部分：

By Class和By Merge的数据分布：

Balanced：

Letters：

Digits 和 MNIST：

MNIST

torchvision.datasets.MNIST(root: str, train: bool = True, transform: Optional[Callable] = None, target_transform: Optional[Callable] = None, download: bool = False)

Parameters：
root (string) – Root directory of dataset where MNIST/processed/training.pt and MNIST/processed/test.pt exist.

train (bool, optional) – If True, creates dataset from training.pt, otherwise from test.pt.

download (bool, optional) – If true, downloads the dataset from the internet and puts it in root directory. If dataset is already downloaded, it is not downloaded again.

transform (callable, optional) – A function/transform that takes in an PIL image and returns a transformed version. E.g, transforms.RandomCrop

target_transform (callable, optional) – A function/transform that takes in the target and transforms it.

下载地址：

http://yann.lecun.com/exdb/mnist/

作者：

Yann LeCun， Courant Institute,，NYU

Corinna Cortes，Google Labs，New York

Christopher J.C. Burges，Microsoft Research，Redmond

简介：

前世：MNIST由NIST的Special Database 3和Special Database 1组成。

在NIST中SD-3由Census Bureau的雇员书写，作为训练集，SD-1由高中生书写，作为测试集，SD-3比SD-1更干净和便于识别。SD-1包含了58527张来自500位作者的手写数字图片。SD-3的数据是顺序写入的，同一个人写的10个数字是放在一起的，SD-1的数据是打乱的，但是数据中包含了作者的ID。
所以将SD-1的前250个作者写的近3万数字图像放入MNIST的训练集，剩下的由SD-3补全至6万张训练集。将SD-1的后250个作者写的3万数字图像放入MNIST的测试集，剩下的由SD-3补全至6万张测试集。但是，只能下载到6万张的训练集，和1万张的测试集（从6万张测试集选出）。

今生：MNIST训练集6万张图片，分别从SD-3和SD-1中选择3万张，测试集1万张图片，分别从SD-3和SD-1中选择5千张。训练集6万张图片大约来自250位作者，训练集和测试集中的作者不相交。

手写数字识别，样本为28*28的二值图，数字尺度统一，数字质心在图片正中。
训练集60k，测试集10k，共70k。分为10个数字类别，每类的图片数量相同。

QMNIST

torchvision.datasets.QMNIST(root: str, what: Optional[str] = None, compat: bool = True, train: bool = True, **kwargs: Any)

Parameters：
root (string) – Root directory of dataset whose ``processed’’ subdir contains torch binary files with the datasets.

what (string,optional) – Can be ‘train’, ‘test’, ‘test10k’, ‘test50k’, or ‘nist’ for respectively the mnist compatible training set, the 60k qmnist testing set, the 10k qmnist examples that match the mnist testing set, the 50k remaining qmnist testing examples, or all the nist digits. The default is to select ‘train’ or ‘test’ according to the compatibility argument ‘train’.

compat (bool,optional) – A boolean that says whether the target for each example is class number (for compatibility with the MNIST dataloader) or a torch vector containing the full qmnist information. Default=True.

download (bool, optional) – If true, downloads the dataset from the internet and puts it in root directory. If dataset is already downloaded, it is not downloaded again.

transform (callable, optional) – A function/transform that takes in an PIL image and returns a transformed version. E