【用Ubuntu构建家庭服务器】02 风扇自动风速配置

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-14 10:48:02 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-03-14 10:48:02 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签：服务器 ubuntu 驱动开发

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/grassygreen/article/details/144242450

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1 硬件配置

1.1 主板

主板: 华擎 ASRock H77 Pro4-M

1.2 风扇常识

风扇大小	风扇边长	对角孔距	平行孔距
4cm	4.0cm	4.5cm	3.2cm
5cm	5.0cm	5.7cm	4.1cm
6cm	6.0cm	7.6cm	5.1cm
7cm	7.0cm	8.6cm	6.1cm
8cm	8.0cm	10.1cm	7.2cm
9cm	9.0cm	11.2cm	8.2cm
12cm	12.0cm	15.0cm	10.5cm
14cm	14.0cm	17.7cm	12.5cm

风扇尺寸定义

2 传感器配置

2.1 传感器检测软件安装

lm-sensors

sudo apt install lm-sensors # 传感器配置程序
sudo apt install smartmontools # 硬盘监控工具

2.2 硬件设备温度传感器

# sudo sensors-detect # 传感器内核配置,检测额外的传感器
sensors # 查看hwmon传感器状态(不含硬盘)

## 直接从系统读取信息
cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon1/name # 获取温度监控设备名
# coretemp
cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon1/temp1_input # 获取温度监控值
# 31000
cat /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone2/temp # 获取温度域的值

硬件	硬件号	设备名	传感器设备号
固态硬盘	hwmon0	nvme	nvme-pci-0100
CPU	hwmon1	coretemp	coretemp-isa-0000
主板	hwmon2	nct6776	nct6776-isa-0290

逐步添加风扇，看风扇转速对应风扇关系

2.3 硬盘温度读取

sudo smartctl -a /dev/sda | grep Temperature # 获取硬盘温度
sudo smartctl -A /dev/sda # 硬盘SMART属性
sudo smartctl -i /dev/sdX #硬盘基本信息

2.4 风扇转速传感器

使用sensors命令，逐步添加风扇，看风扇对应关系

主板接口	Pin	风扇型号	尺寸	位置	Linux设备	转速采集设备号
CHA_FAN1	4	4Pin风扇	–	后背板、硬盘阵列架	fan1	hwmon2/fan1_input
CPU_FAN1	4	CPU风扇	–	CPU	fan2	hwmon2/fan2_input
CPU_FAN2	3	–	–	–	fan3	hwmon2/fan3_input
PWR_FAN1	3	3Pin风扇	–	前盖上风扇、硬盘阵列架	fan4	hwmon2/fan4_input
CHA_FAN2	3	3Pin风扇	–	前盖下风扇、电源	fan5	hwmon2/fan5_input

3 控制器配置

3.1 PWM值对比风扇转速做对应关系

cat /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon2/pwm3 # 获取PWM设置
sensors # 读取风扇值

风扇控制	值	风扇	转速采集设备号	值
hwmon2/pwm1	255	CHA_FAN1	hwmon2/fan1_input	1518
hwmon2/pwm2	228	CPU_FAN1	hwmon2/fan2_input	2235
–	–	CPU_FAN2	hwmon2/fan3_input	–
hwmon2/pwm3	255	CHA_FAN2	hwmon2/fan5_input	1506
		PWR_FAN1	hwmon2/fan4_input	1573

3.2 PWM与风扇转速对照表

sudo apt install fancontrol # 风扇控制器
sudo pwmconfig

Found the following devices:
   hwmon0 is nvme
   hwmon1 is coretemp
   hwmon2 is nct6776
   hwmon3 is hidpp_battery_0

Found the following PWM controls:
   hwmon2/pwm1           current value: 255
   hwmon2/pwm2           current value: 228
hwmon2/pwm2 is currently setup for automatic speed control.
In general, automatic mode is preferred over manual mode, as
it is more efficient and it reacts faster. Are you sure that
you want to setup this output for manual control? (n) 
   hwmon2/pwm3           current value: 255

Giving the fans some time to reach full speed...
Found the following fan sensors:
   hwmon2/fan1_input     current speed: 1518 RPM
   hwmon2/fan2_input     current speed: 2235 RPM
   hwmon2/fan3_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!
   hwmon2/fan4_input     current speed: 1573 RPM
   hwmon2/fan5_input     current speed: 1506 RPM

PWM1	255	240	225	210	195	180	165	150	135	120	105	90	75	60	45	30	28	26	24	22	20	18	16	14	12	10	8	6	4	2	0
fan1_input	1518	1451	1404	1355	1319	1248	1186	1127	1062	994	936	895	895	877	876	877	891	878	895	895	881	882	895	898	898	882	884	885	902	903	903

PWM3与fan5转速对照表

PWM3	255	240	225	210	195	180	165	150	135	120	105	90	75	60	45
fan5_input	1505	1562	1500	1505	1434	1311	1244	1168	1131	1040	914	847	716	621	0

3.3 风扇控制策略

风扇	主板接口	温控位置	传感器ID	策略
CPU	CPU_FAN1	hwmon2/pwm2	–	主板自动控制
硬盘阵列	CHA_FAN1	hwmon2/pwm1	hwmon0/temp1_input	nvme固态稳定
电源&硬盘仓	CHA_FAN2	hwmon2/pwm3	hwmon1/temp1_input	CPU温度控制
机箱上部&硬盘阵列	PWR_FAN1	–	–	电源风扇无法控制

3.4 fancontrol配置参数

参数名	意义
FCTEMPS	The temperature input device to read for CPU temperature. The above example corresponds to /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0/device/temp1_input.
FCFANS	The current fan speed, which can be read (like the temperature) in /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon0/device/fan1_input
MINTEMP	风扇启动温度，低于该温度关闭风扇
MAXTEMP	最大风速温度，对于CPU要求低于最大容忍温度10～20度
MINSTOP	风扇停转时候的PWM值，通常在0～255
MINSTART	风扇启动PWM，一般高于MINSTOP，因为启动电流要求更高

grass@grassLinux:~$ cat /etc/fancontrol 
# Configuration file generated by pwmconfig, changes will be lost
INTERVAL=10
DEVPATH=hwmon0=devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.0/0000:01:00.0/nvme/nvme0 hwmon1=devices/platform/coretemp.0 hwmon2=devices/platform/nct6775.656
DEVNAME=hwmon0=nvme hwmon1=coretemp hwmon2=nct6776
FCTEMPS=hwmon2/pwm1=hwmon0/temp1_input hwmon2/pwm3=hwmon1/temp1_input
FCFANS=hwmon2/pwm1=hwmon2/fan1_input hwmon2/pwm3=hwmon2/fan5_input
MINTEMP=hwmon2/pwm1=32 hwmon2/pwm3=35
MAXTEMP=hwmon2/pwm1=50 hwmon2/pwm3=55
MINSTART=hwmon2/pwm1=150 hwmon2/pwm3=60
MINSTOP=hwmon2/pwm1=0 hwmon2/pwm3=45
MAXPWM=hwmon2/pwm1=255 hwmon2/pwm3=240