Canvas translate,scale,rotate

下面使用三个小例子作为讲解：
1.translate:将canvas默认的原点（0，0），进行移动

import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.view.View;

public class TranslateDemo extends View {
    Paint mPaint;
    // 刻度尺高度
    private static final int RULE_HEIGHT = 200;
    private static final int SUM_IN_MM = 30;
    int mTotalWidth = 0;
    int mRuleLeftMargin = 20;
    // 厘米之间的像素数
    int mLineInterval = 5;

    public TranslateDemo(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initData(context);
    }

    private void initData(Context context) {
        mTotalWidth = mRuleLeftMargin * 2 + mLineInterval * SUM_IN_MM;
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setARGB(255, 255, 0, 0);

    }

    public TranslateDemo(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initData(context);
    }

    public TranslateDemo(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initData(context);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        mPaint.setColor(Color.BLACK);
        canvas.translate(0, RULE_HEIGHT);
        canvas.drawLine(0, 0, mTotalWidth, 0, mPaint);
        drawLines(canvas);
    }

    private void drawLines(Canvas canvas) {
        // 刻度线的长度
        int ruleLength = 0;
        canvas.save();
        canvas.translate(mRuleLeftMargin, 0);
        for (int i = 0; i <= SUM_IN_MM; i++) {
            if (i % 10 == 0) {
                ruleLength = 100;
            } else if (i % 5 == 0) {
                ruleLength = 50;
            } else {
                ruleLength = 10;
            }

            canvas.drawLine(0, 0, 0, -ruleLength, mPaint);
            canvas.translate(mLineInterval, 0);

        }
        canvas.restore();

    }

}

2.scale:将canvas进行缩放

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Paint.Style;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.view.View;

public class ScaleDemo extends View {
    Paint mPaint;
    final int TOTAL_SQUARE_COUNT = 30;
    int mHalfWidth = 0;
    int mHalfHeight = 0;

    public ScaleDemo(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initData(context);
    }

    private void initData(Context context) {
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setARGB(255, 255, 0, 0);
        mPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(4);

        DisplayMetrics metric = new DisplayMetrics();
        ((Activity) context).getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay()
                .getMetrics(metric);
        mHalfHeight = metric.heightPixels / 2;
        mHalfWidth = metric.widthPixels / 2;

    }

    public ScaleDemo(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initData(context);
    }

    public ScaleDemo(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initData(context);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        canvas.drawColor(Color.BLUE);
        drawSquare(canvas);
    }

    private void drawSquare(Canvas canvas) {
        canvas.translate(mHalfWidth, mHalfHeight);
        for (int i = 0; i < TOTAL_SQUARE_COUNT; i++) {
            // 保存画布
            canvas.save();
            float fraction = (float) i / TOTAL_SQUARE_COUNT;
            // 将画布以正方形中心进行缩放
            canvas.scale(fraction, fraction, 0, 0);

            canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, 360, mPaint);
            // 画布回滚
            canvas.restore();
        }
    }
}

3.rotate进行旋转

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Canvas;
import android.graphics.Color;
import android.graphics.Paint;
import android.graphics.Paint.Style;
import android.graphics.Rect;
import android.util.AttributeSet;
import android.util.DisplayMetrics;
import android.view.View;

public class RotateDemo extends View {
    Paint mPaint;
    final int TOTAL_SQUARE_COUNT = 30;
    int mHalfWidth = 0;
    int mHalfHeight = 0;

    public RotateDemo(Context context) {
        super(context);
        initData(context);
    }

    private void initData(Context context) {
        mPaint = new Paint();
        mPaint.setARGB(255, 255, 0, 0);
        mPaint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);
        mPaint.setStrokeWidth(4);

        DisplayMetrics metric = new DisplayMetrics();
        ((Activity) context).getWindowManager().getDefaultDisplay()
                .getMetrics(metric);
        mHalfHeight = metric.heightPixels / 2;
        mHalfWidth = metric.widthPixels / 2;

    }

    public RotateDemo(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        initData(context);
    }

    public RotateDemo(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        initData(context);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.onDraw(canvas);
        canvas.drawColor(Color.BLUE);
        canvas.translate(mHalfWidth, mHalfHeight);
        canvas.drawCircle(0, 0, mHalfWidth, mPaint);
        drawLines(canvas);
    }

    public void drawLines(Canvas canvas) {

        canvas.save();
        int lineLength = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < 60; i++) {
            if (i % 5 == 0) {
                lineLength = 100;
            } else {
                lineLength = 10;
            }
            canvas.drawLine(-mHalfWidth, 0,
                    -mHalfWidth + lineLength, 0, mPaint);
            canvas.rotate(6);

        }
        canvas.restore();

    }

}