GNU/Linux - MenuConfig of Kernel: CONFIG_GPIOLIB + CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS

CONFIG_GPIOLIB

在 Linux 内核配置中，CONFIG_GPIOLIB 是一个启用 GPIO（通用输入/输出）库（gpiolib）支持的选项。该库为管理 GPIO 引脚提供了一个通用接口，允许驱动程序和用户空间应用程序以统一的方式与 GPIO 进行交互，而不受底层硬件架构的限制。

启用 CONFIG_GPIOLIB 后，可使用以下功能：

1. GPIO 操作： GPIO 库提供了用于设置 GPIO 引脚方向（输入或输出）、读写 GPIO 值以及控制其他 GPIO 相关功能的函数。

2. GPIO 事件处理： 当 GPIO 事件发生时，如输入值发生变化（如上升沿或下降沿），应用程序可以注册以接收通知。这通常用于按钮按下、传感器数据采集或中断处理等任务。

3. GPIO 输出和非输出： GPIO 引脚可动态导出和解导出到用户空间，允许用户空间应用程序访问和控制 GPIO 引脚，而无需直接访问内核。

4. GPIO 芯片抽象： GPIO 库抽象了 GPIO 控制器的特定硬件细节，允许驱动程序和应用程序以独立于平台的方式使用 GPIO 引脚。

在内核配置中启用 CONFIG_GPIOLIB，开发人员就可以利用内核提供的标准化易用接口，将 GPIO 引脚用于各种用途，包括控制硬件外设、连接传感器、实现用户界面等。

In the Linux kernel configuration, CONFIG_GPIOLIB is an option that enables support for the GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) library (gpiolib). This library provides a generic interface for managing GPIO pins, allowing drivers and user-space applications to interact with GPIOs in a uniform way, regardless of the underlying hardware architecture. When CONFIG_GPIOLIB is enabled, the following functionalities become available: 1. GPIO Manipulation: The GPIO library provides functions for setting the direction of GPIO pins (input or output), reading and writing GPIO values, and controlling other GPIO-related features. 2. GPIO Event Handling: Applications can register to receive notifications when GPIO events occur, such as changes in input values (e.g., rising or falling edges). This is commonly used for tasks like button presses, sensor data acquisition, or interrupt handling. 3. GPIO Export and Unexport: GPIO pins can be dynamically exported and unexported to user space, allowing user-space applications to access and control GPIO pins without needing direct kernel access. 4. GPIO Chip Abstraction: The GPIO library abstracts hardware-specific details of GPIO controllers, allowing drivers and applications to work with GPIO pins in a platform-independent manner. Enabling CONFIG_GPIOLIB in the kernel configuration allows developers to utilize GPIO pins for various purposes, including controlling hardware peripherals, interfacing with sensors, implementing user interfaces, and more, using standardized and easy-to-use interfaces provided by the kernel.

CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS

在 Linux 内核配置中，CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS 是一个选项，用于支持将 GPIO 引脚导出到 Sysfs 文件系统（/sys/class/gpio/）。

Sysfs 文件系统是 Linux 中的一个虚拟文件系统，它提供了一个与内核对象和子系统交互的接口。启用 CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS 和 CONFIG_GPIOLIB 后，GPIO 引脚将作为文件在 Sysfs GPIO 接口中公开。这样，用户空间应用程序就可以通过读写这些文件来控制 GPIO 引脚。

下面是 CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS 的功能：

1. GPIO 导出： GPIO 引脚可导出到用户空间，使其可通过 Sysfs 访问。这样，应用程序就可以操作 GPIO 引脚，而无需直接访问内核。

2. 动态 GPIO 分配： GPIO 引脚可以通过写入 Sysfs GPIO 接口中的文件来动态分配和取消分配。这对于需要根据运行时条件动态分配或释放 GPIO 引脚的系统非常有用。

3. GPIO 方向和数值控制： GPIO 引脚可配置为输入或输出，其值可通过写入或读取 Sysfs GPIO 接口中的文件来设置或读取。

4. 中断处理： 某些 GPIO 相关事件（如上升沿或下降沿）可配置为触发中断。这些中断的配置也可通过 Sysfs GPIO 接口完成。

总之，CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS 在 Linux 内核中启用了 GPIO Sysfs 接口，为用户空间应用程序提供了与 GPIO 引脚交互的便捷方式，而无需直接访问内核或特定的设备驱动程序。该功能通常用于控制外设、连接传感器或实现用户界面等任务。

In the Linux kernel configuration, CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS is an option that enables support for exporting GPIO pins to the Sysfs filesystem (/sys/class/gpio/). The Sysfs filesystem is a virtual filesystem in Linux that provides an interface for interacting with kernel objects and subsystems. When CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS is enabled, along with CONFIG_GPIOLIB, the GPIO pins are exposed as files in the Sysfs GPIO interface. This allows user-space applications to control GPIO pins by reading from and writing to these files. Here's what CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS enables: 1. GPIO Export: GPIO pins can be exported to user space, making them accessible through Sysfs. This allows applications to manipulate GPIO pins without needing direct kernel access. 2. Dynamic GPIO Allocation: GPIO pins can be dynamically allocated and deallocated by writing to files in the Sysfs GPIO interface. This is useful for systems where GPIO pins need to be allocated or released dynamically based on runtime conditions. 3. GPIO Direction and Value Control: GPIO pins can be configured as input or output and their values can be set or read by writing to or reading from files in the Sysfs GPIO interface. 4. Interrupt Handling: Some GPIO-related events, such as rising or falling edges, can be configured to trigger interrupts. The configuration of these interrupts can also be done through the Sysfs GPIO interface. In summary, CONFIG_GPIO_SYSFS enables the GPIO Sysfs interface in the Linux kernel, providing a convenient way for user-space applications to interact with GPIO pins without needing direct kernel access or specific device drivers. This feature is commonly used for tasks such as controlling peripherals, interfacing with sensors, or implementing user interfaces.