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最早提出使用RGBD相机对室内环境进行三维重建的方法,在彩色图像中提取SIFT特征并在深度图像上查找相应的深度信息。然后使用RANSAC方法对3D特征点进行匹配并计算出相应的刚体运动变换,再以此作为ICP(iterative closest point)的初始值来求出更精确的位姿。RGBD SLAM通常使用ICP算法来进行位姿估计。其基本流程为:
[17]Henry P, Krainin M, Herbst E, et al. RGB-D mapping: Using Kinect-style depth cameras for dense 3D modeling of indoor environments[M]// Experimental Robotics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014:647-663. (引:435)
与文献[16]类似,不同点在于对彩色图像进行的是SURF特征提取,并用ICP对运动变换进行优化后,最后使用Hogman位姿图优化方法求出全局最优位姿。
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文献18的相机定位方法依赖图像的每个像素点,即用稠密的图像对准来进行自身定位并构建稠密的3-D地图。